American Enlightenment

Rene Descartes, born in the late 1500’s, was a well-known French, natural philosopher. During his time period, the Age of Enlightenment, the Scientific Revolution was shifting the world. Thinkers and discovers such as Copernicus and Galileo from the method of scholasticism in the medieval times, brought new studies of modern science to this era. Scholasticism is what are past down truths that have been assumed from our knowledge of religion and philosophy throughout time. Scholasticism should…

Tale of Two Cities One Pager: Echoing Footsteps In Dicken’s A Tale of Two Cities, the passage in chapter twenty one plays an important part in book two because it shows how the violent revolution began in France and how that can end badly for Charles, Lucie and Dr.Manette in England. This passage finally leads up to the revolution that the Defarges and the Jaques have been planning for so long and also builds the suspense for what will happen if either of the three characters go back to…

Voltaire, author of the short novel, Candide, employs exaggeration in order to satirize the optimistic thinking of pre-enlightenment philosophers. Voltaire’s cynic point of view is clear throughout the novel as unending horrors befall the main character, Candide. Pangloss, Candide’s mentor and teacher while he lived with his uncle in Westphalia, is the source of the novel’s main idea of optimism. On the other hand, Martin, his traveling partner later in the novel, represents everything that…

BACKGROUND Belgium is described to be a small nation-state created in 1830 located in Europe that is divided into two major ethnic groups; the Dutch speaking Flemish and French-speaking Walloons. This conflict has not particularly been a violent one but as been long withstanding. The territory was controlled by the French following the French Revolution. This significantly benefitted the French-speaking Walloons economically and politically and was resented by the Flemish who often felt…

a sentiment because our arithmetic has computed the strength and means opposed to our purpose, these have not" (270). There seems to be a commonality between the two essays in their use of children having a greater grasp on Emerson's plea for the American people to find their sense of individualism in a world being built upon conformity, rediscover their relationship with the universe, and find the absolute truth. Yet, "Self-Reliance" does not suggest that their quest of this truth is needed to…

Defiance Against Enlightenment Philosophers Writer and advocate for women's rights during the height of the Enlightenment period, Mary Wollstonecraft wrote several novels and articles highlighting the injustices women faced during the 18th century. While one of Mary Wollstonecraft's most notable pieces of writing, A Vindication of the Rights of Women, may seem to parallel Enlightenment philosopher ideals, it in fact, has no correlations. Mary Wollstonecraft cannot be considered an Enlightenment…

The French Revolution was a time of reckoning, blood shed, clashing beliefs, and chaos. With the French people overthrowing the Monarchy and execution of French aristocracy including King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette. This time period is such mixture for the arts. With the flamboyant and dream like Rococo style representing all the luxury that Royalty where having while leaving the French people to starve, artists started looking for new styles to lead the way of the Revolution.…

Question 1: In The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as mass deception, Adorno and Horkheimer are observing the culture industry. The culture industry is the entire system of production and circulation that establishes mass, mainstream, and popular culture. In this essay, the authors illustrate more precisely the relationship between culture industry and reality by explaining that “[r]eal life is becoming indistinguishable from the movies. The sound film, […], leaves no room for imagination or…

- I have selected Neoclassical architecture to be the inspiration of my artwork, which stemmed from the Neoclassical art period, and the beginning of neoclassical art was witnessed in the middle of the 18th century, and as of the literal definition of the word, it means revival of the old past which in this case was the classical art. In addition to most art periods of that time it was centralized in Europe but the Neoclassical period spread around the world as a global art movement. This also…

Maurice Duplessis was the leader of the Québec political party Union Nationale. The Union Nationale introduced the Fleurdelisé verifying the main idea of the party which was to increase French culturalism. The Union Nationale spoke the words of the French Canadian and emphasized the importance of the French culture. Words of the French Canadians were often ignored because the English Canadian had more population so they had more say. Union Nationale tired to increase the importance of the…