Allele

and blood vessels that could causes a heart attack, stroke, or a cardiovascular disease. The APOE gene has three different versions called alleles. The alleles of this protein, are the e2, e3, and e4. E3 allele is the most common. The APOE gene has been known to cause cardiovascular diseases, when a person carries the APOE e4 allele. Having the apoe e4 allele can increase the chance of developing atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis can cause a heart attack or a stroke from the build-up of fatty…

dissimilar allele frequencies from the original population it may be by chance either lack come alleles or have high frequency of others while population bottlenecks occurs when a large decrease in the size of an original population can eliminate a large amount of genes. 23. How does mutation increase genetic variation in a way that crossing over and independent assortment do not? This because during mutation selection removes deleterious alleles however, dangerous recessive alleles are…

and benefit the population. Therefore, minimising the risk of passing on faulty alleles to future generations that causes genetically caused diseases such as cystic fibrosis. Having genetically cause diseases leads to a low life expectancy, increased health issues in the population which could be increased if the amount of faulty alleles were to increase in the population naturally and the number of beneficial alleles were to decrease in the gene pool without any interference by humans and it…

the R and X allele of ACTN-3 have an impact in athleticism. According to their research, the XX genotype is more frequent in endurance athletes while the RR genotype is more frequent in power athletes. The R allele produces a lot of the α-actinin-3 protein and the X allele puts a premature stop to the growing protein chain resulting in a non-functional α-actinin-3 protein. α-actinin-3 is not necessary in normal muscle function, but it is associated with muscle strength. The X allele, on the…

In this lab, we used computer simulations to investigate about the forces of evolution. Evolution is when alleles changes over time in a population. There are four major forces of evolution. These forces may increase or decrease gene diversity, meaning they can introduce new alleles or extinct some alleles. One of the forces is mutation. Mutation is when an error, replication or deletions that cause new genes to arise that neither parents has. This causes the population to become more diversity…

1. In a re-sequencing study to detect genetic variation that influences expression and inducibility of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, novel mutations are detected in the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; NR1I3), a nuclear hormone receptor that acts as a transcription factor and controls the expression of CYPs including CYP34. Activation of CAR induces (increases) the expression of CYP enzymes. An alignment of the amino acid sequence of human, monkey, rat, and mouse CARs is indicated below.…

Abstract: This paper explores and examines how migration affects a population, and how it affects the frequency or change of alleles in a population. It is asked, “How does migration affect heterozygosity in a population?” I predicted that migration increases heterozygosity in isolated populations. To explore and test out this hypothesis the moth program in the “PopGenLab” was used to carry out the experiment. What was found that migration did keep population high and kept…

Genetic drift is a chance change in genetic variation resulting from small population sizes. In some cases, alleles can be underrepresented in succeeding generations. Additionally, small population sizes can cause allele frequencies to change randomly. By causing allele frequencies to fluctuate rapidly, genetic drift can eliminate alleles from a population as well. It can also cause harmful alleles to become fixed, which can threaten a population’s survival. (Hedrick,…

through the bloodstream. By maintaining cholesterol, it helps to act as a prevention against disorders that can hurt the cardiovascular system, such as heart disease. While there are three different variations of the gene, the most common allele is e3. Allele e3 is characteristic of over half the general population (2015). As for how mutations in the APOE gene are related to health conditions,…

selecting for the alleles that are best suited for the organism to survive in the wild, humans select rare desirable phenotypic traits in organisms and breed them with each other in order produce an offspring containing those traits. Desirable traits include leaner meat in animals, or better quality milk in cows for commercial uses. The process is constantly repeated to the point where the frequency of the desirable allele increases in the genepool, and where the expression of the allele becomes…