Allele frequency

breeding of pea plants Mendel formulated from his observations a 9:3:3:1 ratio of phenotypic traits in the second filial generation. Thus he formulated the law of independent assortment which will be examined in this experiment. This law states that alleles for different genes separate independently during gamete formation (Reece et al., 2011). The Drosophila Melanogaster is the organism used to study Mendel’s proposed patterns of inheritance because of its obvious advantages in that it is…

2.RELATED WORK The artificial bee colony (ABC), an optimization technique is based upon the intelligent moving behavior of honey bee swarm was proposed by Karaboga in 2005. This kind of new Meta heuristic is inspired by the clever foraging behavior of honey bee swarm. The criteria presented in the work is for numerical function optimization. The advantage of ABC is that the global search ability in the algorithm is implemented by introducing neighborhood source production mechanism. Rao et al.…

Usher Syndrome is a most common condition that affects both hearing and vision. A Syndrome is a disease or disorder that has more than one feature of symptom. The major symptom of Usher Syndrome is hearing lose an eye disorder called retinitis pigmentosa, or RP. RP causes night blindness and a loss of peripheral vision through the progressive degeneration of the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye and is crucial for vision. As RP progresses, the field of vision…

each type. We used this data to calculate the chi square value, which we compared to the table to determine whether or not the hypothesis was true. INTRODUCTION The law of segregation states that alleles of a trait separate independently during gamete formation such that each gamete receives only one allele from each allelic pair. Genetic traits are passed down from one generation to the next in different ways. For example, autosomal inheritance is a pattern in which transmission of the trait…

distinguishing between wild type and vestigial wing phenotypes. We also determined whether the allele that caused the vestigial wing phenotype is sex- linked or autosomal and either dominant or recessive from flies that were in the F1 generation. Our data collected by observing the sex of the F1 generation and creating a punnett square suggested that the allele for vestigial wings is an autosomal, recessive allele. From the inheritance pattern that we found, we were then able to determine the…

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Have you ever had a dream where you thought you couldn’t move? You are telling your arms to move and your legs to move but they don’t seem to understand. You are screaming inside because now you are scared because you don’t know what to do. Your body is stiff and not moving. You just keep trying and trying but still can’t move. But once you wake up you realize it was all a dream. But just think about of it was real. That feeling that you had in your dream is the exact…

A genetic disorder is a problem caused by one or more abnormalities in a human body . The disorders are rare , but they are possibly handed down from the parents’ genes , or maybe new mutations . One example of a genetic disorder is Tay Sachs disease . Another example of a disorder is polycystic kidney disease . What Does Genetic Testing Tell You Genetic testing gives you an idea if you’re at risk of a certain disease or not . If two parents both have a disease then the child will have a 25%…

Genetics is a fundamental part of life as it is related to how we receive and develop traits from our parents and what could be given to our children. The concept of genetics was started around 1856 by Gregor Mendel who conducted experiments with pea plants and established many of the rules of heredity now used in modern genetics. According to Corcos and Monaghan (1984) Mendel did not consider the two laws written by him to be laws at all but to be assumptions or a hypothesis that were later…

To learn more about genetics, I conducted an experiment using Reebops to model how genetics is transferred from parents to offspring. At the beginning of my experiment I conducted four hypotheses, one for each of my four crosses. I had two monohybrid crosses and two dihybrid crosses. My first monohybrid cross hypothesis, was the antenna trait being studied is autosomal and undergoes independent assortment. My second monohybrid cross hypothesis, was the body segment trait being studied is…

flies, those displaying a phenotypic mutation, are recessive (Hunt, Bridges, and Sturtevant, 1925). We chose to hypothesize that both crosses are autosomal, unlinked recessive due to the fact that they the mutations are being crossed with a dominant allele. (Hunt, Bridges, and Sturtevant,…