Alkyne

background with the exposed mannose terminal SAMs (23). A polyethylene glycol linker having azide and amine terminal groups was used to support dual click reactions. Azides react with alkynes to form triazole ligation products and amines react with isothiocyanate to form thiourea bridges where the other ends of alkyne and isothiocyanate consist of thiol head group and terminal mannose, respectively. The SAMs of mannose prepared by this dual click strategy was found to be very effective in…

This experiment’s aim was to find the alcohol with the highest energy output when burnt using specific heat capacity of calorimeters. This data gathered only partially supported the hypotheses stated. There is an apparent trend between the heat energy of the alcohols and the amount of carbon atoms in the alcohols in the graphs shown. The first experiment (first graph) shows the results of the tests with a controlled calorimeter height of 20 centimeters. This means that the calorimeter, rather…

Since suitable crystals for X-ray single crystal analysis was not obtained, to have reliable structural information, HR-TEM analysis of the product was carried out. The average size of the assembly calculated from HR-TEM measurement is found to be 2.8 nm which is in good agreement with the size of the previously reported Pd6L8 assembly where L is the non N-methylated (2.5nm, Fig. 2).9 As first step, to explore the catalytic activity of 1 in copper and phosphine free Sonogashira coupling reaction…

The sixth element in the periodic table is one of the most important elements of them all, carbon. This element, located on group fourteen and period two of the periodic table, has an atomic number of 6 and a molar mass of 12.01; this means that it has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. The element is lightweight, fairly small, the fourth most abundant element on Earth, and is essential for living, growing, and reproducing. Carbon is found in all living and non-living organisms, in the form…

the leaf extract while tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrate, saponins, glycosides, phenol and terpenoid in the stem bark. Interestingly, FTIR analysis between 400 – 4000 cm-1 range showed compound with characteristic absorption bands at 3432 cm-1 for alkyne group, 1614 cm-1 for olefin and 1513 cm-1 for arene , 1240 cm-1 for alcohol and phenol, 1159 and 1112 cm-1 for ether group, 1448 cm-1 for alkanes, 567 cm-1 for alkyl bromide which were closely similar to Catechin. No other visible peaks were…

Green chemistry principles were applied to multi-step synthesis reactions; these reactions included the bromination of trans-diphenylethylene, bromination of ethyl trans-cinnamate, and debromination of 1, 2-dibromo-1, 2-diphenylethane. These reactions featured a reflux set-up, which allowed the reactions to occur at higher temperatures and aided in the prevention of the evaporation of the solvent and the loss of product thereby increasing the efficiency of the reactions. Furthermore, the…

1039/C4RA07639G]. I was so fascinated and captivated by the work that I decided to pursue my one year thesis project under the guidance of Professor Jayanta Kumar Ray. Currently I’m working on my thesis entitled, “Pd-catalysed annulations of internal alkynes for the synthesis of Indene and its derivatives”, which mainly deals with the development of new synthetic methodologies for complex Indene derivatives using palladium catalysis. A part of the work has already been communicated to related…

I attended schools in China for sixteen years and have experienced one of the most tiring education systems; we have to stay at school from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm. However, this way of learning through lectures did not make me have a solid grasp of the topic I learned. In order to change my way of learning, my parents sent me to the United States, as the U.S. education system is highly valued. It is true that the the teaching method is totally different from what I experienced before. In the high…

Background This experiment was performed to determine the identity of an unknown organic liquid using physical constants: physical state, color, and odor, the solubility classification: water soluble or insoluble, the results of characterization tests: Lucas test, 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine test, Bromine in Methylene Chloride test, and Ferric hydroxamate test, and analyses of spectral data: IR spectrum and HNMR . All testing samples were added to testing tubes for observation. Data was…

Carcinogenic Chemical Product: Fire Retardants Fire safety is a vital part of the modern technological society and as responsible citizens it is important to recognise that, with the aid of fire retardants, there is a prolong time frame of escaping from fires. This widely used carcinogenic product is composed of certain chemical elements within numerous everyday products (either inside the polymeric material or as an external layer) that help combat the ignition through chemical reactions at…