Alkene

 Comment: The three bonds (one solid line, one wedged line and one dashed line) that are attached to the + carbon atom are turned inside out. If the starting material has Br on the right side of the + carbon atom, the final product will have OH on the left side of the + carbon atom and vice versa.  Comment: There is only one hump for the energy profile of an SN2 reaction. As we shall see later, there are two humps for the energy profile of an SN1 reaction. One easy way to…

Examination and Exercise of Green Chemistry through the Cyclohexanol Cycle Jesse Paner CHE 233L Section 301 Department of Chemistry, DePaul University, 1110 W. Belden Avenue, Chicago, IL 60614 panerjesse@yahoo.com May 1st, 2017 Abstract Green chemistry emphasizes the utilization of chemicals to their highest efficiency and reducing the production of harmful waste. This type of chemistry was initially conceived in order to reduce the damaging impact that chemical products have on the…

unobservable intermediate is kinetically when occurs at a branch point in a mechanism. A reactive intermediate is formed in the rate determining step of a reaction and then goes to give products in low barrier. Also, the hydrocarbon reaction of terminal alkenes gives mixtures of primary and secondary boranes that formed in an exothermic biomolecular step. Carpenter, et al study outlined of reactive intermediate. They mentioned that the assumptions about the behavior reactive intermediate. The…

REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES ABSTRACT The difference between aldehydes and ketones is by having a hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl group. This makes the aldehydes very easy to oxidize. Ketones do not have that hydrogen atom and are resistant to oxidation. They are only oxidized by powerful oxidizing agents which have the ability to break the carbon-carbon bonds. This report is about the reactions of aldehydes and ketones. This was done to determine how they react when different…

Plastics are a material currently being used all around the world. As the production of this synthetic polymer has increased, it has become almost impossible to completely avoid interaction with a plastic material. With the discovery of this practical material, positives and negatives were discovered too. Plastics have a strong effect on the environment and human health. During manufacturing, additives are put in that can be harmful to each of these important aspects. Due to their synthetic…

Experiment 4: Kinetics of Nucleophilic Substitutions 1. Determine the effect of varying [OH-] on the rate of the reaction. To do this, you should complete the following table: Experiment [tBuCl]0 (M) [OH-]0 (M) Time (s) Reaction rate (M/s) Rate constant (s-1) 1 0.03 0.003 65 4.89 · 10-5 1.62 · 10-3 2 0.03 0.006 213 3.15 · 10-5 1.05 · 10-3 3 0.03 0.009 362 2.96 · 10-5 9.85 · 10-4 What is the dependence of [OH-] on the rate law? The effect of the increased or…

The sixth element in the periodic table is one of the most important elements of them all, carbon. This element, located on group fourteen and period two of the periodic table, has an atomic number of 6 and a molar mass of 12.01; this means that it has 6 electrons, 6 protons, and 6 neutrons. The element is lightweight, fairly small, the fourth most abundant element on Earth, and is essential for living, growing, and reproducing. Carbon is found in all living and non-living organisms, in the form…

FTIR analysis of the stem bark extracts of Cassia fistula has absorption bands and the wave numbers (cm-1) of the prominent peaks obtained were described in Table 2. The peak at a frequency of 3463 cm-1, 1618 cm-1, 1448.3 cm-1 and 1241.9 cm-1 were strong while the others vary from medium to weak. Discussion: Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like tannins, flavonoid, carbohydrate, saponins, glycosides and phenol in the leaf extract while tannins, flavonoids,…

Objective The purpose of the experiment is to synthesize a compound with an organometallic iron-carbon bond and use infrared spectroscopy to investigate the unconventional sandwich structure. In addition, the experiment aims to understand pi-bonding of an arene ring, use cyclic voltammetry to understand the redox capacity of ferrocene, and explore the barriers between formal inorganic and organic chemistry definitions. Introduction Ferrocene was discovered unintentionally in 1949 when Miller…

I attended schools in China for sixteen years and have experienced one of the most tiring education systems; we have to stay at school from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm. However, this way of learning through lectures did not make me have a solid grasp of the topic I learned. In order to change my way of learning, my parents sent me to the United States, as the U.S. education system is highly valued. It is true that the the teaching method is totally different from what I experienced before. In the high…