Alkali

the predominant species. (Bowen and Gunatilaka, 1977). Mixing of ore solutions with meteoric waters results in oxidation with the release of H+ ions that decreases pH and the transportation of cooled/diluted solution (Bowen and Gunatilaka, 1977). Alkali chlorides are abundant in copper ore solution. The ore fluids are high in Cl, Na, and Ca (Bowen and Gunatilaka, 1977). The two principal copper reactions are: Cu2+ + 3CL-↔CuCl3- and Cu+ + 3CL-↔CuCl32-. The copper content, or grade of an ore…

1. INTRODUCTION I am a chemical engineer working for Sasol co. . The specialised scope of the company’s product portfolio include manufacturing of fuels, oils, chemical, polymers, fertilizers, explosives and gas. I am instructed to generate 5 ideas for Sasol and determine the best product (line) among them through the multi factor decision making process. I am instructed to use the AHP excel spreadsheet picking 4 criteria of my choice to evaluate the ideas. 2. IDEA GENERATION MIND MAP…

He had been warned that Bosque Redondo could not adequately sustain the Navajo following a survey of the land. The Pecos River determined as such a boon to the richness of the land by Carleton, contained alkali, and the openness of the plains which worked against Native American attempts to escape, likewise made foraging difficult; the resulting problem of supplying for the Native Americans at Bosque Redondo conflicted with the supposed cheapness by which…

The Imperial Valley: Permanent Oasis by Cory Phillips Imperial County, California has been a major agricultural, political, and commercial center in Southeastern California for over 100 years. Although the peripheral agricultural activities have been the focus and source of the region’s economy, the area’s role in agribusiness has also facilitated much urban growth. The farms in the Imperial Valley bring about $1,000,000,000 to the state’s economy each year. This rural and…

those from Group 1, Group 2, Period 3, Period 4, Period 5, Period 6, and a series of metals (Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Tin, Zinc). Group 1 elements have one valence electron and are extremely reactive. Most of the time, compounds containing Alkali metals are soluble in water. Alkaline earth metals, found in Group 2, have two valence electrons and are quite reactive. Their solubility depends on the identity of the anion that they are bonded to. For example, BaSO4 and BaF2 are…

Table of content Introduction: The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of Amul effluent treatment plant, Dist. Anand having capacity to treat 400 KL/day of wastewater. A general systematic flow diagram of WWTP is shown in figure. The system was designed to handle to treat wastewater having high organic content and suspended solids. The heart of the system is Aerobic biological reactor. The system was designed to handle BOD at 20°C of 800 mg/L and Suspended Solids (SS) 250…

Good hair… What exactly is “good hair”? Kinky, twisty, wavy, or straight—African- American (AA) hair comes in many ways. There is so much spectacle surrounding AA hair. There are hair shows surrounding it, special hair care products, books, and movies that place the spotlight on this unique curly hair. To conduct research on the spectacle of African American hair, I first went and saw the movie “Good Hair” featuring Chris Rock. The movie was created because of Chris Rock’s daughter crying to him…

Introduction: Nitrous acid (HNO2) is used as a source of nitrosonium ion (N≡O+). The nitrosonium ion by reacting with an aromatic amine converted into a diazonium salt. As diazonium ion is a weak electrophile, it reacts with electron-rich, aromatic coupling agents to produce an azo dye. The products are mainly ortho and para due to the reaction being an electrophilic aromatic substitution Reaction: p-nitroaniline p-nitro benzenediazonium chloride Para-red…

sample was titrated with 0.1N NaOH with phenolphthalein as indicator to faint pink end point that persist for at least 15 seconds. The % titratable acidity is calculated by the following formula: %TA = Titre value × Normality of alkali × vol. made up× Eq.wt. of acid Volume of sample× Wt/Vol. taken for estimation ×1000 3.2.4 DETERMINATION OF TOTAL CAROTENOIDS IN KINNOW JUICE Total carotenoids was estimated by AOAC method (1995).…

The concrete is the second most used product world-wide after water. The construction industry is one of the vital sectors in the nation’s economy. The concrete mainly contains ordinary Portland cement as a primary binder and production of ordinary Portland cement causes 7% of the total greenhouse gases in to the earth’s atmosphere (Malhotra 2002) and production of the ordinary Portland cement produces carbon-di-oxide in mainly two ways , they are burning of fossil fuels and the other is…