Algorithm

presently there is no polynomial solution available. In this paper we try to solve this very hard problem using various heuristics such as Simulated Annealing, Genetic Algorithm to find a near optimal solution as fast as possible. We try to escape the local optimum, using these advanced heuristic techniques. Keywords - Genetic Algorithm; Simulated Annealing; heuristic; 1. Introduction Travelling salesman problem can be formulated as “For given list of nodes determine the shortest tour…

Computers, which have been around from less than a century, have made a huge impact around the world. However, even if we realize that computers are a basic tool in everyday life, people underestimate the capacity of these computing devices. The first time Google announced that their AlphaGO was going to compete with Go master Lee SeDol Kudan, my comrades and I had a strong faith on Lee. However, as we all know, the result surprised the world. Consequently, I believe we should not only make…

SOCAIL MEDIA & TEHNOLOGY TIMELINE ASSIGNMENT Social Media and other technologies like latest computers, smart phones, search engine algorithms, are done by computer programmers and there writing codes. From last 50 years technologies continue to emerge, develop, and mature at a rapid pace. Now, there are more than 2,500 documented programming languages. So, there are top 10 computer languages timeline. 1). Assembly Language Programs Since the time that the creation of Charles Babbage's…

2.5. Statistical analysis Multivariate analysis was performed using two algorithms: PCA and 2-D HCA heat map. The PCA, based on the correlation matrix, was performed using XLStat-Pro 2015 software. The 2-D HCA heat map was carried out with the ArrayTrack, and the Ward's minimum-variance method was used for runs and hydrocarbons clustering. A probability level of p=0.05 was considered as significant difference. The data obtained from the RSM on the hydrocarbon removal were subjected to the…

Determinsitic, P, NP, NPC Reductions, Reducibility, Reductions, certificate, complexity I. INTRODUCTION What is P vs NP? Why it is important to know what problems are in P and what problems are in NP? Some problems like Addition, Subtraction, sorting and algorithms such as Dijkstra’s are all belong to the category of P. The problems that are solved in polynomial time. But there are problems…

machine languages. And therefore, when I had the chance to select my major before the university, I chose Computer Science without any doubt or hesitation. During my undergraduate study at Iowa University, what I learn most are basic languages and algorithms, but some of the advanced courses and self-learning make me feel that computer science demonstrate the essence of natural science - evolution. For example, the development of website from static to dynamic, the progress of the sense…

knowledge, Philosophy and Mathematics, stem from the same principles and axioms. It sparked my interest in Computer Science, as I came to realize that it was quite complementary to what I was learning in class. I was familiarized with the concept of algorithms, computational logic, and realized that programming, for instance, is often misrepresented and misperceived as intimidating, merely because it entails writing seemingly incomprehensible combinations of letters and numbers. Yet, the purpose…

known as the first computer programmer. Ada worked with Charles Babbage on his Analytical Engine, a proposed mechanical, general-purpose computer and the beginnings of computer programming. Her notes included the first of what is now known as an algorithm. She is the only legitimate child of the Romantic poet, Lord Byron. ==Young Life and Education== Ada Lovelace was born Augusta Ada Byron King on December 10, 1815, the only legitimate child produced by the famous poet George Lord Byron and…

as follows. First, M isolated modules, each with the WS structure, are constructed, In order to generate such networks, we used the random rewiring algorithm proposed by Watts–Strogatz[5], Considering a ring graph with n nodes each connected to its m-nearest neighbours by undirected links. The total number of the links are Q=2mn. The rewiring algorithm includes Q steps, and at each step i, link i are chosen and rewired to a node randomly chosen over the graph with the intra-modular rewiring…

Inheritance, Mutation, Selection and crossover methods may apply for designing algorithms. Genetic algorithm is implemented as computer stimulation where the population of abstract representations of applicant solutions to optimization problem evolves towards the better solutions.Fig1 (d) shows the genetic algorithm phases. Basically it works on the principle of survival of fittest. A uses back propagation algorithm as optimized search…