Alfred Marshall

Popular culture, also known as pop culture, is the variety of attitudes, ideas, images, and perspectives, which are heavily influenced by social media, we use pop culture in our everyday lives. Pop culture has taken different forms and influencing thinking and creativity. Not only has it shaped our thinking but it has shaped our way of writing too. Many of us know the more we write, the better we become as writers. Social media encourages us to use our creativity to help us express what we feel…

The mass media and state (and other powerful institutions) play a crucial role in the construction of national identity in a contemporary society through the cultural practices. Morley and Robins write that the construction and emergence of national identities can’t be understood without reference to the role of communication technologies. These technologies give people “a space of identification” (Morley & Robins, 1995, pp. 67-69) basically, with the rise of communication technologies, the mass…

Agenda Setting theory was developed by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw. According to Griffin (2011), McCombs and Shaw believe that the mass media have the ability to transfer the salience of items on their news agendas to the public agenda. This theory refers to mass communications effects which hold that news media, through the editorial selection process, transmit to the public the salience of political objects, which affects the relative importance of these objects to the public. (Kaid &…

To begin with, advertisement is becoming a necessary and integral part of our everyday life. Advertisement is everywhere now: it can be found in the form of print advertisements in magazines and newspapers, billboards, telephone directories, mailers, and, fliers or in electronic media such as the Internet, television, and radio. It is a developing business that makes people come together and makes them think of some specific things or products. Such kind of business appeared in the 19th century,…

In today’s society, media is widely used in almost everything we do and most of the time, we are affected by what is given to us, in one way or another. What is mass media? It is technology that is expected to reach a mass audience, like the newspapers you read, the latest Twitter post or the video online that went viral, all these are examples of mass media in our lives. And it is also because of all these, that our beliefs and values have changed over time. Mass media has been known to have…

Society is in the midst of a great media revolution, thus it may be considered as a “Mediated” one, with media offering most of its commodities to the public, which in turn is embraced by them. Media has utilized itself in various ways in order to entice, inform, offer convenience, be needed, and ultimately be a key player in the lives of people. Possessing the two key traits of easy accessibility and instant provision of almost any information, media has encompassed not only the people’s…

Agenda-setting theory is when the media concentrates on certain issues or subjects, and the public will perceive these issues or subjects as more significant than others. It is believed that although mass media is not successful in directly telling us what to think, they are increasingly triumphant in telling us what to think about. The mediums that usually “set the agenda” are print and broadcast media (such as newspapers, television programs, and magazines). However, could social media also be…

In a chapter of his book entitled How the Aid Industry Works, Arjan de Haan presents four main challenges facing the aid industry as a whole in the twenty-first century. First, he argues that the number of relevant actors has increased, posing challenges of coordination and increasing the potential for conflicting approaches. He provides the following example to back up this claim: “the focus of China’s aid on infrastructure is generally regarded as very welcome, because this has been an area…

age where various forms of media play an undeniably crucial role in the dissemination of information to citizens, it was the philosophical prophecies of Marshall McLuhan that prove to still be pertinent in today’s use of media. The present usage of such terms as “media”, “global village” as well as “Age of Information” were all coined by Marshall McLuhan in his 1965 work Understanding Media (Lapham, x). In the information age we currently live in, McLuhan’s contributions to media and…

2.2 Agenda Setting Theory The agenda setting theory of the media states that, “mass media determines the issues that concern the public rather than the public’s views. In essence, this theory implies that the issues that receive the most attention from media become the issue that the public discusses, debates and demands action on. This means that, the media are determining what issues and stories the public thinks about. Therefore, when the media fail to address a particular issue, it becomes…