Aldosterone

Let's assume you have dieted and trained properly, the water weight manipulation starts around 2-week before mark. The water-weight manipulation comes primarily through regulating glycogen levels in your muscles and liver as well hormones like aldosterone. Lack of carbohydrates in your diet will deplete liver and muscle glycogen stores. Glycogen is stored in your body in conjunction with water molecules (2.7 grams of water per gram of carbs). No glycogen - no water to hold it in place. That is…

injury or surgery. Pathophysiology The adrenal glands have many functions contributing to homeostasis in the body. This is one of the most important glands in the human body. This gland produces certain hormones such as adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol. When cortisol concentrations in the blood are low the hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). CRF is released, stimulating the anterior pituitary to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which, in…

extracellular fluid which causes blood pressure to rise in two ways. It can cause the posterior pituitary to release its’ storage of antidiuretic hormone which causes water reabsorption in the kidneys. Second, it causes the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone which causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium. Since water follows sodium, it causes more of it to increase blood…

Lecturette 4: Supplemental Information Knowing Your Symptoms (HF) Working Phase 1. Discuss the patient’s well status: The patient should have no increase in shortness of breath, no weight gain, no swelling in the extremities, no angina and no feelings of dizziness (CCAC, CHF zone). 2. Discuss abnormal signs and symptoms: Abnormal signs and symptoms of heart failure include: a) Shortness of breath: If heart failure is severe, shortness of breath can even happen during rest. Shortness of breath…

causing vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles. Second, it enhances reabsorption of Na+, CL-, and water in the proximal convoluted tubule by stimulating the activity of Na+/H+ antiporters. Last, it stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, a hormone that in turn stimulates principal cells in the collecting ducts to reabsorb more Na+ and Cl- and secrete more K+. The posterior pituitary releases Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) which regulates facultative water reabsorption by…

An increasing body of experimental evidence suggests that lung/kidney interactions are involved both in AKI-associated acute lung injury (ALI) and renal consequences of acute respiratory failure. Positive pressure ventilation, changes in PaCO2 and PaO2 levels along with systemic inflammation participate in the renal response to acute respiratory failure. Positive pressure ventilation may modify venous return, cardiac after-load and may decrease cardiac output along with decreased renal blood…

Congestive Heart Failure or CHF is a disease that makes it hard for the body to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body's organs. The heart muscle becomes damaged from other conditions such as myocardial ischemia, hypertension and arrhythmia. When this happens the heart is very weak, but it works too hard to efficiently pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body resulting in life-threatening congestion. Congestive heart failure can affect all ages, from children to the elderly. Almost five…

The purpose of this interview is to assess a community member’s ability to manage and adhere to his medication regimen. It will also be assessed whether or not he is at risk for health disparities, in need of teaching and how he could be affected by government or social policies. Priority Medications The person I interviewed is a 70 year old man who lives alone, his wife passed away about 4 years ago. He has a history of hypertension and has been taking Lisinopril since 1989. He has high…

The pathophysiology of hypertension is unclear. Some people develop hypertension from an underlying renal or adrenal disease called secondary hypertension, but this is only a small percent. Most people have no single identifiable cause labeling them with a diagnosis of essential (also called primary) hypertension. There are many physiological mechanisms involved in maintaining a normal blood pressure, and the upset of any of these mechanisms may play a role in the development of essential…

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY – Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is currently recognized as the preferred nomenclature for the clinical disorder formerly called Acute Renal Failure(ARF).This transition in terminology was meant to emphasize that the spectrum of the disease is much broader than a subset of patients who experience failure and require dialysis support .This nomenclature explains that renal failure occur as a continuum 1. AKIN recently defined AKI as “ functional or structural abnormalities or…