AKT

TKD1, the combination of a TDK1 and TKD2 mutation offered the greatest resistance to the TKI. Zhang further showed that the presence of a TKD2 mutation corresponded with elevated levels of markers that indicated the upmodulation of MAPK/ERK as well as AKT/S6K signaling pathways. The TKD mutation was also shown to confer a resistance towards the more potent TKI: quizartinib. This was further confirmed in a study conducted by Smith et al7, where the group showed that the presence of a D835…

Parkinson's disease Definition: Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disease of the nervous system marked by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow, imprecise movement, chiefly affecting middle-aged and elderly people. It is associated with degeneration of the basal ganglia of the brain and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Causes: Nerve cells use a brain chemical called dopamine to help control muscle movement. With Parkinson’s disease, the brain cells located in the substantia…

cancer. EHBP1 proteins have been linked to PCa, or prostate cancer, but the details of the gene's involvement are still being researched. EHBP1 is primarily known as a marker for prostate cancer. EHBP1 is involved in the proper functioning of nuclear AKt, a protein kinase that is involved in apoptosis. A change in EHBP1 may cause issues with apoptosis, which can lead to a tumor. The type of cancer associated with defects or variations in the EHBP1 gene is prostate cancer. The type of prostate…

Politics There a many current NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Association) missions taking place or being researched. For those who may not know exactly what NASA is, it is a government agency that was started by Congress in 1958. NASA’s main purpose is to explore space and aeronautics, or research about flight. There are four Exploration Missions taking place. One being DLRE (Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment), MER (Mars Exploration Rover- Opportunity), Mars Odyssey, and MRO (Mars…

Molecular mechanism was assessed by candidate gene expression studies which involved genes such as IRS-1 & 2, PI3K, Akt, PKC and GLUT4. Studies have showed that this gene expression decreased in STZ- induced Wistar rats were increased to normal expression on oral administration of swertiamarin. This was further supported by the protein expression studies by western blotting…

Question 1: Based on this video, describe the symptoms of the SCA1 disease. The SCA1 patients usually presents symptoms such as: * Loss of balance and coordination *They miss the movement target *It gets hard for them to walk, so they have to use wheelchairs *They loss the talking skill * Problems with food, so they frequently get shock because they have lack of movement control *Breathing problems, which is the mean symtoms that causes them death. Question 2: Explain how to read the chart by…

For the purpose of this assignment, I researched an article titled, “The Role of DJ-1 in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis” by Priyanka Rai and Sisinthy Shivajj. The article discusses many components in which are relevant to the disease, endometriosis. Endometriosis is a disease among women in which causes infertility and severe pelvic pain along with other health concerns. It is seen to occur within 10% of woman whom are of a reproductive or sexually-active age. It is due to the occurrence…

G-protein coupled receptors are found in eukaryotes, and are encoded by around 1-3% of the genes in the genome. In this essay I will discuss the general structure and model of activation of GPCRs, as well as how this model has been realised, through the study of bacteriorhodopsin, a homology model of GPCRs. There are many examples of GPCRs illustrating how GPCRs can have a wide range of cellular consequences and I will discuss how the activation of rhodopsin, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors,…

The people in U.S have high risk of Breast cancer due the high carbohydrate and high glutamine diet consumption in spite of various awareness campaigns and scientific research. INTRODUCTION The breast comprises of glands called lobules that produce milk and thin tubes called ducts that carry the milk from the lobules to the nipple. Breast tissue also contains fat and connective tissue, lymph nodes, and blood vessels. Breast cancer usually starts off in the inner lining of milk ducts or the…

from 6 of 10 patients treated with the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide (TMZ) followed an alternative evolutionary path to high-grade glioma. At recurrence, these tumors were hypermutated and harbored driver mutations in the RB (retinoblastoma) and Akt-mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathways that bore the signature of TMZ-induced mutagenesis (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, 2008, Johnson et al., 2014, Louis, 2006). It was earlier reported that adjuvant treatment with alkylating…