Agonist

Introduction Drugs have become commonplace in society. The clear majority of human beings take, or at one time have taken, vitamins, aspirin, cold, or allergy relief medication. These drugs, however, rarely produce an altered state and are not considered psychoactive. Drugs, in general, can have different effects on behavior and physical traits, whether they be stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens (Narie, 2014, p. 191). Psychoactive drugs are substances that change our states of…

Lead Identification (LO): Lead compounds bind to target receptors, and shows potentially therapeutic pharmacological activity, and may contain similar structures and functional groups. Lead compounds are used as a foundation for drug development and may be modified structurally for greater pharmacodynamic efficiency and potency.1 One source of determining lead compounds is by assaying libraries through HTS. Researchers analyze the drug’s ADME properties (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and…

leucine to proline at amino acid position 1544(Ashcroft, 2005). This mutation simply reduce the activation of the channel by stimulatory nucleotide MgADP, as the NBDs sensitivity to this nucleotide is greatly/entirely lost. The failure of the channel activation means the open state of the channel pore is greatly reduced/blocked. This occurs as the inhibitory nucleotide (ATP) would have higher affinity for the channel than the activating nucleotide (MgADP). Closure of the K+ channel leads to…

General Causes Cerebral palsy occurs from brain injuries or serious brain malformation which occur during early development. Every case of this disorder is unique. Cerebral palsy is different from traumatic brain injuries or TBI’s because they occur before the brain has fully developed. Cerebral palsy is not a hereditary condition. Weather Cerebral palsy is congenital or not depends on the timing of the brain injury. According to the Center for Disease Control, “The majority of CP (85%–90%) is…

pregnancy ≥ 36 weeks gestation. Exclusion criteria included: multiple pregnancies, emergency cesarean delivery with maternal or fetal compromise (category 2 or 3) [9], a poorly functioning epidural catheter during the labor, if narcotics or alpha 2 agonist was given within the previous 4 h, intrapartum supplementation of epidural catheter less than 2 hours and if the parturient had pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, bleeding, liver impairment, renal impairment, diabetes mellitus or cardiac disease.…

A Case Analysis of the Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Treatment of Asthma Definition of Disease Asthma is a “chronic inflammatory disorder of the bronchial mucosa that causes hyperresponsiveness and constrictions of the airways” (Huether & McCance 2014). The onset of asthma has the ability to be induced by a variety of forms: non-allergic (stress, anxiety, or weather induced ), allergic (extrinsic), reaction to medications, and strenuous cardiovascular activities (Lilley, Collins, & Snyder,…

seizures than grand mal seizures d. None of the above 14. Clonazepam is a ________________ and it works by enhancing the action of _______. a. NMDA receptor antagonist, glutamate b. Benzodiazepine, GABA c. Barbiturate, GABA d. NMDA receptor agonist, glutamate 15. Drugs used in Epilepsy have about four basic mechanisms. They include: a. Activation of calcium channels b. Activation sodium channels c. Stimulation of glutamate d. Potentiation of GABA 16. Administration of the…

The brain itself is highly complex as every part has a specific role in the way it functions. The Brain has three main parts consisting of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the brain stem. The brain is the most powerful organ in one's body, but even with it being as complex and powerful as it is, things can still go wrong. This is where brain disease and disorders come into play. The definition of brain disease is defined as, "any disorder or disease of the brain"("brain disease -definition of…

needle size and type).[1] Epidural blood patch has remained the gold standard of treatment, while including other modalities like hydration, use of abdominal binder, caffeine and desmopressin. Sumatriptan, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-1D receptor (5HT1D) agonist causing cerebral vasoconstriction, used in management of migraine, could have a role in the treatment of PDPH. Its use has been limited to case reports, with variable results. We present two cases at our institute where use of Sumatriptan was…

2. My interview with Mrs. Rothenaeger went really well. I was able to introduce myself and ask her a couple of the questions that I had planned for her. I first ask her generally what Ryan was like. She enjoyed talking about him and telling me about his likes and dislikes. Ryan really enjoys music and television, and Mrs. Rothenaeger said that I should try to use his enjoyment of music as an incentive to get him to perform activities that I want him to do. She also mentioned that he is not very…