Age of Enlightenment

in the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment due to increased rational thinking and applied philosophy fueled a reconsideration of France’s irresponsible and ineffective absolute government. This dissatisfaction only increased when the Third Estate shared their opinions with the existing government, who chose to ignore them; thus the Revolution begins in 1789 with the Tennis Court Oath and the Storming of the Bastille. The…

Feudalism Before the French Revolution beginning in 1789 and with the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, the French had an unfair tax system. The lords kept big chunks of the taxes that were supposed to be given to the Kings and the peasants were having a difficult time living off of what they earned. French merchants and manufacturer were able to collect huge wealth from marketing profits, but they were lacking fair representation in the feudal system of the ruling class. Noble and clergy did not…

“Nothing will make me change my principles. Even with the knife at my neck I shall still declare, up to this day, the poor have done everything; it is time for the rich to take their turn… The selfish people, the young idlers, must be made useful, whether they like it or not, and some respite be procured for the useful and respectable worker” (Petr Kropotkin 1909, p. 263). The monarchical, aristocratic, social, legal and political system that governed the people of France prior to the…

Robert E. Kelsey Jr. Doc. Gregory Caicco ART1030 P01 11/6/2017 Style Guide for Futurism and Purism. Futurism In a contemporaneous era of the early 1900’s with modernistic art movements, “Futurism” redefined a well social-political agenda. This inauguration was named by the “charismatic Italian poet as well playwriter Filippo Tommaso Marinetti” (1876-1944). 1909 was the creation “Futurism” movement, but soon encompassed the visual arts and cinemas, music and architecture. “Futurists” were…

The enlightenment was a reformation of thought. Philosophers sought to question if the facts we are given are true and define enlightenment. Kant and Descartes discuss enlightenment in the context of intellect whereas Lessing and Smith discuss enlightenment of toleration and compassion. All four of these authors contributed immensely to the enlightenment and as a whole answered what enlightenment is. Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher and who posed the question of “What is enlightenment?”…

In this essay, I will be discussing Michel Foucault “The Birth of Biopolitics”. These lectures took place at the college de France in 1978-1979. I will be answering the question ‘What does Michel Foucault understand to be specific differences between the liberalism of the eighteenth century England and the Neo-liberalism of twentieth century United States insofar as both are modes of governmentality?’ I will analyze the differences between liberalism and neo-liberalism. In addition, I will also…

The writings of history have been significantly influenced by the time periods during which they were written. Indeed, during these time periods, political institutions with regard to political power have greatly affected the ways in which history has been interpreted. The rise of the nation-state as a political entity during the late 18th- 19th centuries had greatly altered historiography, for, with history emerging as a modern discipline, history began to mirror the ideals of, and acts as a…

The Accuracy of the label: “The Era of Good Feelings” The “Era of Good feelings, the period from 1817 to 1823, marked the end of the federalist party. New technology was coming out, there were big changes in government, agriculture was evolving, and transportation was becoming more and more advanced. History books coined the name “Era of Good Feelings” because they believe that people started to feel different and better. Now the question remains, did this really happen? The period following…

CPE Bach’s Fantasia in F Sharp Minor and the 18th Century Sublime This is going to be an essay about how CPE Bach’s Fantasia in F Sharp Minor could relate to some of the 18th century ideas of the sublime. In the eighteenth century, there were a lot of differing ideas as to what, exactly, the sublime entailed. I shall mostly be concerning myself with those of Edmund Burke, as written in “A Philosophical Inquiry Into The Origin Of Our Ideas Of The Sublime And Beautiful”, though many of the other…

Disneyland Paris did eventually adapt to French culture, they embraced diversity, hired French management and listened to their staff’s concerns, however the question is whether or not one of the most well know American corporations can truly fit into French culture. When Disneyland France which was originally Euro Disney opened, according to Froman (1998) the press stated that the park was “the latest version of American culture imperialism” (p. 248). Jean Sebastien Stehli (as cited in Forman…