Age of Discovery

The period from 1296 to the early 1500s was an era that saw significant change in the relationship between temporal and ecclesiastical authority. The driving force in relations between these two entities shifted from assessing the role of canon law to the strength of new ideas and political thought. Historians such as Ullmann place emphasis on the translation of Aristotelean ideas for this change whereas others, like Black and Coleman argue the change was as the result of a natural progression…

Why was Stonehenge Built? Stonehenge’s controversial purpose developed numerous theories, however, archaeologists/historians hypothesise the structure was to replicate an ‘astronomical observatory’, signifying astronomy. But how have they analysed the evidence to justify Stonehenge's purpose being of astronomical significance? Stonehenge, located in Salisbury, UK, is a prehistoric monument, consisting of mysterious megaliths and several unusual artefacts surrounding it, making it of uncertainty…

located in a Greece influenced Egypt ("Alchemists, Ancient and Modern."). Ancient Egypt, Alexandria, had become a cultural hub for commerce, tradesmen, and all manner of people and ideas (Principe 9). The idea of alchemists stumbling toward their next discovery is refuted by the existence of techniques and operations that were fundamental to an alchemist’s primary…

“The models from which medieval Northern Europe in particular formed its idea of “Roman” style are nearly all portable Late Antique works, and the Late Antique carved sarcophagi found all over the former Roman Empire; the determination to find earlier “purer” classical models, was a key element in the art all’antica of the Renaissance.” (Henderson 1977) Byzantine art is the Greek-speaking Byzantine Empire art that had been created after the Roman Empire division of the Eastern and Western sides…

is therefore the motto of the enlightenment” (Kant). Meanwhile past periods had been restricted to use their own intelligence without the guide from another source, this motto made an invitation to mankind to draw themselves into knowledge and discovery, the expansion of knowledge was…

In the 16th and 17th century, a war was being fought for the future of natural philosophy. On one side was Galileo Galilei and his followers. They wanted natural philosophy to be based on the results of math and direct experience. On the other were the Aristotelian natural philosophers, who wanted to maintain the separation theoretical knowledge, such as theology, and practical knowledge, such as math and astronomy, and base natural philosophy on only theoretical knowledge. While Galileo was…

I interviewed Carole Lavery, who is 73 years young or I know her better as my grandmother at her home in Fennville on September 26th, 2016. While conducting this the interview at her large dining room table that I sat with my family more time then I am able to count, I heard some stories that I’ve heard many times, while some were less familiar me to me. As she sat at the head of the table (her normal seat) she drank her coffee out of a little white cup that was barely warm, but she didn’t seem…

Roman Empire come to be divided between East and West? When Charlemagne was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor, offending the Byzantines and was fully recognized to split in 1054. Why were the years after the split in the western empire called the "Dark Ages"? Because nearly all forms of organization present due to the presence of the Empire fell apart, sending Europe into disarray for hundreds of years. What was the basis of the pope's claim to complete temporal jurisdiction over all of Western…

thinking, the age of Imperialism took away the freedom many people had. The world is not as free as we think. Throughout the decades, the world has become freer, but many countries are still fighting for their freedom against a government who are hungry for power. Before the start of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, Europe went through a time of depression called the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages was a time where the desire to learn and discover new things was nonexisting. After the Dark Ages,…

the world is finally realizing that the religious leaders only care about money and their well-being rather than the well-being of the whole population. He also mentions that only the king (Henry VIII of England) can save and lead them to a golden age. As it can be seen from this document, people are becoming less loyal to the church because of its failure during the Black Death. Many secular leaders are gaining power during the Renaissance unlike the Medieval Era when citizens relied on the…