Administrative law

Council gains its power from the charter, the state legislature and the federal and state constitutions. The city council is composed of ten elected city residents and are responsible for enacting laws and adopting resolutions to effect city policy. The council most also “enact all non-ballot measure laws (as ordinances), approve all city budgets, appropriate all money, award any contract more than 25,000 in an open bid process, approve all board appointments and certify all elections”. The…

Ireland, Bunreacht na hEireann is the footing for the State’s law. The Constitution is an embodiment of the values shared by the people of the Irish Free State, at the time it was written in 1937. The State must govern the people in accordance with these values. These values set boundaries for the honourable man to follow. It generally accepted that, it is right and just to discipline an individual living in Ireland, if he/she breaks the law. For a civilised country, it is vital to have common…

have a reciprocal reliance with each other. In order for a legislature to act, it requires constitutional authority. While courts require legislative/administrative support to utilize court orders and target political support. As Congress initialized equal protection, courts placed court orders on uncooperative schools to support legislative/administrative actions. After Brown v. Board of Education three civil rights acts were passed to study abuses, establish the Fourteenth Amendment (regarding…

attorney also hears the witness testimony and rules base on the evidence provide to him or her. The duties outside the court of the judge is to research regulations and laws, oversee the court clerk work, sit with the attorneys to examine the case and inspire a deal, and confirm the rules and court procedures. Most of the judges have a law degrees and also are elected or appointed. The judge must complete the training that is require by the state or training programs led by legal organizations,…

The Double jeopardy law originated in The ancient civilizations relied on the blood dispute to provide justice when one person killed another, the relatives of a dead person had a duty to avenge death. While the blood feud manifested harsh "retributive" justice, it could, in theory, lead to an endless series of murders as each death was avenged. The Greek dramatist Aeschylus dramatized a cycle of revenge of the blood faith in the Oresteian trilogy, which ended with Greek gods deciding that an…

created under the Constitution to determine debates involving the Constitution and laws passed by Congress. State courts are created by a state which includes local courts created by cities, counties, and other municipalities. The differences between federal and state courts are defined mainly by jurisdiction. Federal court jurisdiction hear lawsuits against the United States and those involving specific federal laws (e.g., criminal, antitrust, bankruptcy, patent, copyright, and some maritime…

The rule of law is an idealistic concept of characteristics in a legal process, which ought to exist in a good constitutional system. There is controversy over the rule of law because there is no definite meaning of it. For example, there is one view that it should prescribe a form of law and the procedure that should be used to form it. This is supported by Lord Bingham’s sub-rule, “questions of legal right and liability should ordinarily be resolved by application of the law and not be the…

society and especially in the 21st century, other individuals running to safer countries from famine, epidemics, economic pressures among other strong reasons, have largely been accepted as refugees. This paper will argue, by use of the international laws, why host countries should protect and observe the rights of all the refugees…

There are two sources of law in the United States, primary and secondary. Primary sources consist of both Federal and State Constitutions, Federal and State statutes, administrative rules, case laws. Primary sources of law are defined as “the sources that provide the actual law” (pg. 588). Another source of the law are secondary sources. Secondary sources consist of legal dictionaries, legal encyclopedias, legal forms books, periodicals, digests, treatises, and citators. Secondary sources are…

non-legal actions are effective in administering justice for consumers. Consumer law has continually evolved in order to maintain its ability to protect consumers within the ever-changing modern marketplace - progressing from the common law notion of caveat emptor to an intensive legal framework recognising the fundamental need for consumer protections. While much of this contemporary framework - comprised of statutory bodies, law courts and tribunals, and working in conjunction with a myriad of…