Adhesion

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic destructive polyarthritis. Disease progression induces the production of lesions on joints, which can cause severe damage that lead to cartilage destruction and bone erosion, and eventually to the loss of joint functions [1, 2]. The synovial fluid and the serum of RA patients contain high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [3, 4]. The high levels of TNF-α are produced mainly by…

University of the people Written assignment unit 3 BIOL 1121 - AY2018-T1 Briefly describe the structure of a eukaryotic plasma membrane, identifying at least two component macromolecules and describing what their basic function is within the membrane. The eukaryotic plasma membrane is a phospholipids bilayer containing proteins and carbohydrates attached to the proteins and sterols. It is a fluid phospholipids bilayer embedded with proteins and glycoprotein. The phospholipids bilayer is…

The host immune response is important in maintaining the health of periodontal tissues. The presence of pathogens in periodontal pockets will activate innate and adaptive immune responses in an attempt to clear the pathogenic threat as well as promote tissue homeostasis. However, the persistent presence of pathogens can cause the continuous activation of innate and adaptive immune responses; which in turn causes inappropriate inflammatory mediator (cytokine, chemokine, antimicrobial proteins…

find it easier to rely on digital connections to relate to other people. However, these digital connections are just an illusion of companionship, and there are no assurance that there is friendship involved in that network (Turkle 2). As a result, the increased use of technology has made it possible for people to hide from each other despite the networks created by these technologies. Sociable robots are assuming the role of traditional communication whereby they are able to gaze, speak and…

According to cerakoteguncoatings.com (2017), Cerakote is a Polymer-Ceramic coating that can be applied to metals, plastics, polymers and wood. Cerakote is used on; knives, weapons, tools, some electronic covers, glasses and anything durable that needs a tough coating. This ceramic thin-film coating is intended to offer an appealing finish with unequaled performance. The ceramic coating of Cerakote provides the advantage of having extraordinary; adhesiveness, pliability, corrosion and wear…

cell being able to make all of its own needed machinery, leading to the death of the cell or at least an inability to function properly. One of the proteins made by the virus is called Ebola virus glycoprotein. The glycoprotein can disrupt cell adhesion, so that cells have trouble sticking to each other and to a scaffold called the extracellular matrix, which in healthy tissue helps to hold the cells…

surgical problem of the small intestine. Generally patients with small bowel obstruction present with variable clinical symptoms and sign such as pain in abdomen , vomiting, constipation, abdominal distension and tenderness [4,7]. Intraabdominal adhesions associated to previous abdominal surgery is the commonest cause of mechanical small bowel obstruction. Other causes are hernias, neoplasms, malrotation , tuberculosis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Conversely, in patients without…

Virus Taxonomy Order: Unassigned Family: Bunyaviridae Genus: Phlebovirus Species: Toscana virus talk.ictvonline.org Structure and genome The toscana virus (TOSV) is a negative-single stranded RNA virus, it is spherical in shape, it has an enveloped surrounding its capsid, and it has a diameter of 80–120 nm. Its genome is partitioned into three segments, termed (large)L, (medium)M and (small)S. With L about 6,400 nucleotides in length, M about 4,200 nucleotides in…

I. INTRODUCTION: Clopidogrel is one of the major drugs used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Along with Aspirin it is the standard of care in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions with stenting, when a long term dual antiplatelet treatment is needed. However the response to clopidogrel shows wide inter-individual variations. Various studies have shown that the polymorphisms in the genes responsible for Clopidogrel absorption and metabolism are a major factor for these variations.…

In biology, tonicity refers to the salt-water balance of a system between a permeable membrane such as the cell membrane (Campbell, 132). Tonicity is directly related to the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, in order to reach a dynamic equilibrium. The three general states of tonicity are hypo-tonic, iso-tonic, and hyper-tonic. Hypotonic solutions are lower in concentration as compared to another solution. There will be a net…