Adenosine

The Upper Respiratory Tract The human respiratory system involves complex organization of structural and defense mechanisms for the inhalation and exhalation of gases. The primary function of the respiratory system is to breathe air, provide oxygen to the bloodstream, and expel carbon dioxide. The respiratory system also provides transport of respiratory gases, internal respiration, pulmonary ventilation, and external respiration. There are two zones of the respiratory system, the conducting…

Garcinia L. is a pantropically distributed genus with high species richness in south East Asia, and composed of 240 woody tree species. In India the genus represented by 36 species including 6 endemic to Western Ghats only. For Genus Garcinia Western Ghats is considered as secondary center for origin (Abraham et al. 2006). It includes G. indica (Thouars) Choisy, G. gummi-gutta (L.) Robs., G. hombroniana Pierre and G. xanthochymus Hook.f. ex Anders that provide important resources in Indian…

Naps Helpful or Harmful “A recent study linked napping to higher mortality!” said Markham Heid. Do you spend most of your day tired and lazy? Is there an overlying feeling of exhaustion that can only be cured with a nap? Do you not get a good night’s sleep because work or other stresses are keeping you awake, or can you simple not fall asleep? Well the day time desire to snooze may be riven by stress, insomnia, sleep apnea or a hundred other slumber-disrupting health conditions. If you’re…

The inner membrane is folded inside to form cristae, which are folded into the matrix. Mitochondria are the organelles of cellular respiration in nearly all cells. Chemical energy called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced by harvesting energy from sugars and other food molecules. Molecules of ATP are used by cells as a direct source of energy for most of their work. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have the ability to provide cellular…

the infant. A deficiency of this vitamin is problematic because it is important for the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells, and also plays a role in the growth and maintenance of nerve cells. Vitamin B₁₂ also participates in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria, which is used for energy. Vitamin B₁₂ is stored in the liver and kidney, but maternal stores of this nutrient are not available to the fetus. Studies have suggested that only the vitamin B₁₂ ingested…

Gene therapy is a topic that has been researched more recently than most therapies for disorders. Genetic disorders like adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA), or severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), have been looked into for gene therapy, because of their single-gene mutation. These problems may be easily treated with gene therapy in the next few years of research. Children may be able to make it much farther than their original life expectancy, and may even eventually be able to live as a…

1. The resting membrane potential is the potential difference across the cell membrane of excitable cells such as nerve and muscle cells. The 3 major factors that establish a resting membrane potential are as follows: (1) Non-diffusible anions: The resting membrane potential is influenced by the presence of large non-diffusible anions (proteins, nucleic acids and organic phosphates) inside a cell. The presence of large non-diffusible anions inside a cell attracts a large number of cations and…

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in the Epipelagic Zone of the Ocean Introduction: “Energy Flow’’ is an environmental process that describes the flow of energy through a food chain and attempts to ascertain the relative importance of various individual component species and feeding relationships within a particular ecosystem. “Energy” itself is defined as the ability to do work: All living plants and animals expend energy in their environment. All three laws of thermodynamics apply,…

ways. One of the benefits is it can improves our performance in an exercise. It can help us in increasing our endurance, delay fatigue and of course improve our respiratory efficiency. This happens because the caffeine has an effect towards human’s adenosine receptors in the central nervous system, which function’s to regulate…

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Argumentative Paper If you were diagnosed with an incurable disease, would you do everything in your power to save yourself? Would you want to have access to a potentially life-saving treatment? A paralyzed man after a terrible car accident, regained the use of his arms after an experimental clinical study using stem cells (Aldrich). A (now), 5 year old girl suffering with SCID, was completely cured. These successes are just two, that represent the capability of…