Adenosine receptor

component of salbutamol (10). Below is the chemical structure for HFA – 134a. http://www.intechopen.com/books/advances-in-modeling-of-fluid-dynamics/pmdi-sprays-theory-experiment-and-numerical-simulation After inhalation, beta2-adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscles of the airways are activated. This activation leads to the activation of the enzyme adenycyclase and an increase in concentration of cyclic AMP. The increase of cyclic AMP results in activating the protein kinase which…

In the human body, motor commands are created in a division of the prefrontal cortex (responsible for higher level cognition) known as the neocortex. The neocortex houses the motor cortex and thus is responsible for motor control, which is the primary impairment in Parkinson’s Disease (Kaas & Stepniewska, 2016 SD). Onset typically follows a significant drop in the presence of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which in this case is generated from a part of the brain called the substantia nigra. The…

Before someone heads out, before they start for their daily Dunkin Donuts visit, they should consider something. What exactly are they putting into their bodies? Coffee, which is scientifically called “methylxanthine” is an alkaloid that makes up caffeine; the primary ingredient of coffee. Caffeine has a chemical formula of C8H10N4O2. These elements include carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. Now, chances are most people do not simply get a black coffee, especially if they are taking the…

of reduced levels of vitamin K. Therefore, warfarin indirectly reduces the synthesis of these clotting factors (Wigle et al., 2013). Cimetidine: Cimetidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist. The mechanism of action of cimetidine is as a histamine H2 receptor antagonist. It inhibits histamine binding to histamine H2 receptors. Cimetidine inhibits gastric acid secretion as well as pepsin and gastrin output (PubChem, 2017). Pseudoephedrine: Pseudoephedrine is a phenethylamine that is used…

The Truth Behind Caffeine and Marijuana Across America, coffee shops and convenience stores sell millions of cups of caffeine, a legal and seemingly safe stimulant, every day. Marijuana, on the other hand, only recently became legal for four of the fifty states within the country. Most people immediately believe that because these states belong to the minority, they should not have legalized this drug, and because all states consider caffeine a legal, then caffeine must serve as an acceptable…

We all know about caffeine; your mother when you were little, did not allow you to have too much of it considering it made you hyper. Back then, we would have thought our mothers were just being cruel to us, but it was in our best interest. Why, you may ask: it’s because of how caffeine is addictive and how it affects us. According to an online encyclopedia, caffeine is, “ a stimulant, and is found in small amounts in coffee, tea, and colas...When taken in small amounts, caffeine increases…

The main measures for interview is established by good rapport, respect patient privacy, recognize face value, move to the patient's field of vision, SOLER as a reminder to sit directly, have an open posture, lean forward, make eye contact and relax, ask open-ended questions, one thing at a time, listen, culture matters, and avoid the medical terminology. This writer sets into view to interview an African-American gentleman with a two years history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)…

Student Name: Lucy Yarnold Topic: Neuroanatomy Paper Title: Jeuring, R., Van Driessche, K., Bosseler, L., Devries, C., Vanhaesebrouck, A., Gielen, I., Oevermann, A. and Chiers, K. (2012) 'Intracranial oligodendroglioma with optic nerve infiltration in a Labrador retriever '13, Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift, 81(5), 298-302. [4] Clinical condition and description of presentation: A Labrador retriever was presented with complaints of behavioural changes, starting 4 weeks previously. These…

metabolized in the liver which allows for elevated levels to appear within fifteen to forty minutes. The effect that CAF can have is it can cross through the blood brain barrier without difficulty. In the brain, CAF competes with adenosine for binding sites (adenosine A2 receptor) in the central nervous system. CAF is the antagonist because it can block…

INTRODUCTION Chocolate is a typically sweet food preparation of Theobroma cacao seeds. Theobromine was first discovered by the Russian chemist Alexander Woskresensky in 1841 in cacao beans. Theobromine belongs to a class of alkaloid molecules known as methylxanthines. The purpose of this essay is demonstrating the chemistry of the theobromine as well as its effects and uses. This essay will include the overview of the structure and chemistry of theobromine. Secondly, the effects of theobromine…