Adenosine receptor

Artificial sweeteners were added to the placebo solution. Perhaps, these sweeteners were detrimental to this investigation. This is because, the artificial sweeteners may have interacted with carbohydrate receptors of the mouth. Thus, a carbohydrate-like placebo may have resembled the effects of the carbohydrate solution. Consequently, it appears that the artificial sweeteners were responsible for no positive correlation between sprint repetition interaction…

Causes The causes of Parkinson’s Disease remain unknown, however there have been several theories as to what could cause the debilitating disease. Factors such as age, and genetic predisposition play a major role in the development of the disease. The disease is most common in those over sixty, however, it could take over twenty years for symptoms to develop. Age is the most common factor in the development of the disease, however if the disease is detected early, then it is most likely due to…

Classified as a complex brain disease, SUD is treatable, according to the USA National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) principles of treatment [NIDA, 2008]. Given the aforementioned multiple factors, contributing to the development of SUD, its complex presentation, and associated disease burden; treatment of SUD is rated as significantly challenging. Delivering effective SUD treatment and care requires a comprehensive response, illustrated as core services and interventions delivered, within a…

increasing levels cannabis metabolites leads to paradoxical vomiting seen with long term use6 .Cannabidiol is one of the metabolite which is a partial agonist at CB receptors thus acting as an agonist in lower concentration and antagonist at higher levels 6.Cannabigerol is a metabolite of cannabis which is antagonist of cannabis at the receptors .These metabolites tend to accumulate in chronic users and hence there is latency period before onset of symptoms in THC users6. Studies have…

The first receptor I will be doing is the Somatostatin receptor there is so much behind this receptor. Somatostatin (SST), otherwise called somatotropin discharge restraining variable (SRIF), is a hypothalamic hormone, a pancreatic hormone, and a focal and fringe neurotransmitter. Somatostatin has a wide conveyance all through the focal sensory system (CNS) and also in fringe tissues, for instance in the pituitary, pancreas and stomach. The different activities of somatostatin are intervened by…

inhibitory paracrine effect is mediated predominantly by receptors coupled via guanine nucleotide binding proteins to inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. All the pathways converge on and modulate the activity of the luminal enzyme, H+, K+-ATPase, the proton pump of the parietal cell. Parietal cells are essential to gastric secretion. Precise information on the mechanisms involved in gastric acid secretion and the identification of specific receptor subtypes has led to the development of…

Introduction All living organisms have need of a constant supply of energy, for the maintenance of their life processes. Energy can be defined as the ability to do work, hence, for metabolic reactions to occur a supply of energy is needed. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but transfers from one state to another. Photosynthesis and Respiration, are two processes involved in the production of energy. These processes will now be examined.…

which plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. It has been observed that there is approximately a 90% loss of acetylcholine in the brains of people afflicted with Alzheimer’s disease (Boeree, 2009). The α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7- nAChRs) are highly expressed in the hippocampus (Prickaerts et al., 2011). Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is the constant increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission. Research supports the hypothesis that α-7 nAChR…

These receptors are found in the cardiac muscle and their stimulation has a positive inotropic effect (increases the contractility of the heart). It does so without significantly increasing heart rate or affecting peripheral vascular resistance (as it does not activate alpha adrenergic receptors of blood vessels). The result is increased cardiac output via increased stroke volume (Tariq & Aronow, 2015)…

Additionally GLPP-1 receptor agonist treatment has shown reduction in the occurrences of hypoglycemia when chosen as a mode of treatment. Clinical trials were extensively conducted for about 84 weeks. In Comparison with Insulin Glargine, Exenatide QW lowered A1C level significantly…