Adenine

Ammonia is an end-product of deamination of amino acids. In vivo, it is physiologically produced, predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract, myocytes, lymphocytes, and the kidney. Ammonia is neurotoxic if it accumulates but, normally, it is metabolized to urea by hepatocytes, and to glutamine by myocytes and hepatocytes. Urea is excreted by the kidney, but can also diffuse into all tissues and body fluids. In the gastrointestinal tract, bacterial ureases produce ammonia from the urea.…

The purpose of this lab report is to discuss experiments performed in order to study the ctrA gene. It was hypothesized that ctrA will be present in the four bacterial species studied, which are Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, Rhodobacter sphaeroides 17029, Escherichia coli DH5훂, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris BisB5. It was also hypothesized that ctrA is more conserved in closely related species and less conserved in not closely related species. The last hypothesis for this study is that the…

Transfer RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a crucial component in Protein Synthesis. It serves as an adaptor molecule between the codon, the three nucleic acids and the amino acid after which a specific protein will be synthesized. It is the intermediate in Protein Synthesis which interprets the genetic code. Without tRNA, translation in prokaryotes or eukaryotes could not take place. Common Features of tRNA Molecule Each amino acid has at least one tRNA molecule. Therefore, these tRNA molecules have…

The genetic information in an organism’s DNA ultimately determines its traits; however, if this genetic information is somehow altered (the arrangement of nucleotides changed) new traits can appear or a deformity might occur. When a cell fails to replicate properly and DNA that is produced is not identical to that of the original (as a result of changes made for various reasons), a mutation has occurred. Failures in replication can be caused by a large number of reasons, but some of the more…

According to the World Health Organization, biohazards occur every day throughout the world. As a matter of fact, “bacteria, viruses and parasites are responsible for the bulk of the 18.4 million deaths worldwide from communicable diseases in 2004,” (WHO) essentially making them a threat to humankind. Therefore, alarming people about the danger of these microscopic organisms is extremely important. In fact, there is a picture called “Warning-Biohazard” that is on Iowa State University’s website…

Unit 2 Project In your own words Discuss why carbon is essential to life on Earth. (150 word minimum response) Carbon is a vital element in organic compounds. Organic compounds are compounds that are usually located in living things.Organic compounds are very vital and Carbon is an elemnt that makes up organic compounds. Carbon helps organic compounds make up cells and carry out important life functions.Additionally, carbon can form strong bonds with itself and many other elements. This…

The four nitrogen containing bases also stand for Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine. DNA has many different jobs that it has to do constantly to keep the body going. Certain genes in the body are controlled to be turned on or off, because sometimes we don’t need every single gene at all times. Therefore…

“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God” (John 1:1) and I believe the word was ATGCU. The primary or canonical, nucleobases are cytosine (DNA and RNA), guanine (DNA and RNA), adenine (DNA and RNA), thymine (DNA) and uracil (RNA), abbreviated as C, G, A, T, and U, respectively with their ability to selectively bind formed the basis of life on earth. In 2012 with the discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 science acquired the ability to insert, delete and replace DNA…

Photosynthesis Pine Needle Lab Karthik Ravishankar Rock Ridge High School Background Information Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight and turn it into glucose with a byproduct of oxygen in the chloroplast. Chloroplast is located in the cell membrane of a plant cell. Inside the chloroplast, there are small disks called thylakoids which are located in the stroma of the chloroplast. Stacks of thylakoid cells are called granum.…

four organic bases which are called nucleotides. There’s also deoxyribose which is a sugar that is in a double helix shape. DNA molecules stores information in a code which is created by the sequence of their four nitrogenous bases that includes Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. Also, DNA is often referred to as the double-helix. RNA is a ribonucleic…