Acute toxicity

Dr. Abbasi, Thank you for the opportunity to be able to be involved in a review and education of the toxicity and side effects of nitroprusside for the CVICU team. A brief overview of Nitroprusside, it is a hypotensive agent that acts on venous and arterial smooth muscle causing peripheral dilation. Because it is more active on veins than arteries it allows for a decrease in venous return leading to a decrease in left ventricular end diastolic pressure and preload. It has a quick onset of…

dysphagia and swallowing related toxicities experienced by patients undergoing treatment for HNC (Pauloski, 2008). Guiding SLP intervention is a body of research which has documented the nature and severity of dysphagia and treatment-related toxicities experienced by patients undergoing HNC management. However, although a growing body of evidence is available to inform clinical management, the majority of studies to date have explored treatment-related toxicities and dysphagia in patient groups…

3.4 RESULTS 3.4.1 Acute and subchronic toxicity studies of swertiamarin in rats 3.4.1.1 Acute oral toxicity In the acute toxicity study, the rats were treated with different doses of swertiamarin orally from the range of 5 – 2000 mg/kg body weight which did not produce significant signs of toxicity, behavioral responses, physiological changes, physical observations (skin, fur, eyes mucous membrane, behavior patterns, tremors, salivation, and diarrhea of the rats) and mortality in the test…

Bipolar disorder, previously referred to as manic-depressive illness, is a lifelong mental disorder that involves changes in mood and episodes of depression that occur in cycles. According to Neel Burton on Psychology Today, the first descriptions of bipolar disorder were given in 1854 by Jules Baillarger and Jean-Pierre Falret. The illness worsens as the episodes become more frequent with the passing of time and, if not treated regularly, may result in death. The symptoms of bipolar disorder…

PNAS, R J Kessler]. It is used as antiseptic and pesticide and also used for the preparation some herbicides, photographic developers and explosives. 2,4-DNP is readily absorbed by gastrointestinal and respiratory tract leading to acute and chronic toxicity. Acute…

Usually when patients go to the hospitals the doctors will review the medication regiment and they will adjust the medications by decreasing or discontinuing some of the medications. John is receiving Methadone, Neurontin and Norco together with Tylenol PM. Norco and Methadone both contain opioid which is addictive and can cause withdrawal if these meds are cut down or discontinued. John is undergoing a procedure that will also require to reduce opioids intake due to risk for diminished or…

whether contact is made via the skin, ingestion, or inhalation. This chemical is considered an organophosphate insecticide which binds to the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, AChE, at the nerve endings in the bodies of insects and other organisms. Acute toxicity levels have been studied in rats, mice, and human subjects. Whether ingested orally, absorbed through the…

clinical effect of a given drug due to interference by another drug, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [7]. DDIs may result in adverse clinical events, by decreasing the therapeutic effect of a drug or by enhancing drug toxicity [8]. Combined drug intoxication is an unnatural cause of human death, and is often confused with drug overdose, but it is a completely different phenomenon. It…

determine how much damage one product is capable of. What you just imagined is not merely a figure of your imagination, but the harsh reality of cosmetic animal testing. Innocent animals are used everyday in laboratories to determine the level of toxicity, irritancy, and overall lethalness a cosmetic contains before entering the market. Would you be okay with your beloved pet being tortured all for a tube of mascara or deodorant? It is time for us to abolish the use of animals for testing…

Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon that is represented with the formula C6H6. It was discovered in 1825 by a British scientist, Michael Faraday, who extracted it from crude oil by applying pressure, and named it “Bicarburet of hydrogen”. However, its chemical synthesis did not start until in 1843, Charles Mansfield, discovered a method to extract benzene from coal tar. Since its industrialization, benzene is produced and used in many industrial processes. Today, plastics, resins, dyes…