Actin

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory disorder of the liver, which was described for the first time in the 1950s by Jan G. Waldenström (Mieli-Vergani & Vergani, 2009). The exact cause of AIH is unknown (Czaja & Freese, 2002) and because of ambiguity in diagnosing the disease the exact incidence of AIH is difficult to quantify, but reported incidences range from one in 200,000 in the general population in the United States to twenty in 100,000 females in Spain (Mieli-Vergani & Vergani,…

These effects of stretching prominently appear to affect stretch tolerance with no changes in the viscoelastic properties of the muscle (Halbertsma & Göeken, 1994) (Magnusson, Simonsen, Aagaard, Sørensen, & Kjaer, 1996). The mechanism for increased performance following chronic stretching is believed to be related to stretch-induced hypertrophy, which is discussed more when examining the adaption mechanisms. Adaptation Mechanisms The adaptation mechanisms of acute and chronic stretching…

Participation in disease progression A variety of diseases including stroke, atherosclerosis, diabetes, ischemic heart diseases and neurodegenerative diseases are caused from the disturbances in mitochondrial functions. The production of peroxynitrite occurs either within mitochondria or may achieved from extra mitochondrial compartments. Peroxynitrite inhibits Mn-SOD by nitration (MacMillan-Crow LA and Thompson, 1999) and thus checking the breaking of nearby formed superoxide that further…

Body Planes, Regions, Cavities, and Directional Terms The fundamentals of learning the body in the medical field are body planes, regions, cavities, and directional terms. First up are the body planes, which the definition of a body plane is simply a two-dimensional surface. The dimensions of the body plane are both of length and of width and the body planes are used to describe the different locations that are located in the body or are just used for the point of location. There are three…

The Fair Housing Act is an act creating seven basic guidelines that must be met in compliance with the access requirements of the Act. The guidelines require are that the buildings to be must have an accessible entrance on an accessible course, that the building must include reachable common and public use areas, as well as handy (informal) doors that are usable for a person in a wheelchair. The home must also have an accessible route in and out of the dwelling. Light switches, electrical…

Scott et al. compared those who suffer from spinal cord injury (SCI) and the body under microgravity. Their findings show that SCI patients and astronauts, in long term conditions, have similar physiological outcomes and those who have SCI can be good examples to study the effects of spaceflight on the human body. The importance of comparing and contrasting these two populations is to be able to see if scientists can test individuals of one group to come up with results and conclusions of how to…

through the cytosol. Intermediate filaments are made up of the protein keratin. Their primary function is to strengthen the internal structure of a cell. Microfilaments are the smallest among the three cytoskeletal filaments. They consist of protein actin. Microfilaments are dynamic structures that can rapidly disassemble or assemble themselves, and thus microfilaments enable the cell to move efficiently. Cilia and flagella that are made of microtubules are critical in cellular locomotion.…

Ebola virus disease (EVD) causes major illness in humans, which leads to death; this virus is the most lethal virus that has infected primates. The appeared originally in areas of Sudan and Zaire in the year of 1976. It is believed that the natural reservoir of the virus comes from fruit bats. Ebola is part of the Filoviridae family. The virus is mostly transmitted through direct contact with bodily fluids such as saliva and blood. Ebola can be difficult to detect in the beginning due to its…

segments of the plasma membrane invaginate to form cytoplasmic vesicles that are transported into the cell interior (Karp 303). The vesicle then pinches off inwardly from the plasma membrane (Karp 315). Microfilaments in the plasma membrane (such as actin) extend into the cytosol to help aid the process of phagocytosis (Reaven). The phagosome will then fuse with a lysosome to form the phagolysosome. The lysosomes are the cell’s digestive organelles (Karp 303). The lysosome contains at least 50…

When I think about Sickle Cell Anemia, the first thing that comes to my mind is blood. When you get cut and a darkish red liquid comes out, that is called blood. Blood is a red liquid that carries nutrients, gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide, and iron throughout our body. (1) Blood connects to Sickle Cell Anemia because Sickle Cell Anemia is a disease that changes the shape of our blood cells. Instead of being circle, it becomes a sickle shape. This shape can have a negative effect, but it…