Act of God

Act of God as defined by Winfield and Jolowicz: Where an act is caused (harmful to a party) directly by natural causes without human intervention in “circumstances which no human foresight can provide for and againstand of which human prudence is not bound to recognize the possibility”, the Act of God as defence can be applied. The Act of God was recognized by Blackburn J. in the case of Ryland V. Flethcher which is discussed below -  Rylands v. Fletcher The facts of the case were that B, a mill owner, employed independent competent contractors to construct a reservoir to provide water for his mill. In the course of work, the contractors came across some old shafts and passages on B‟s land. They communicate with the mines of A, a neighbour of B, although noone suspected this for the shafts were appeared to be filled with earth. The contractorsdid not block them up, and when the reservoir was filled, the water from it burstthrough the old shafts and flooded A‟s mines. Here. Blackburn J. ruled that “the defendant can excuse…

I have decided to analyses his chapter “Acts of God” in relations to ethos, pathos and logos. Reece’s purpose of this chapter is to show the hardships of the people affected directly by mountain top removal, as well as how the companies that fund this method react and undermine their arguments to receive justice. It also explains how strong religious beliefs help drive the community to seek a change, or an impedance. However, this change is not in this life time. They practice acceptance and…

In chapter five of Acts of God, Ted Steinberg discusses a flood-prone area of Missouri that is located at the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers – St. Charles County. Steinberg begins the chapter by mentioning the Deerfield Village Mobile Home Park. The author states that Deerfield Village is on a low-lying piece of land and susceptible to flooding. Indeed, in 1933 the Mississippi River surged over a levee and submerged this mobile home park. Steinberg contends that magnitude of…

idea of an interventionist God that created the universe. He does not reject it on the grounds of logic or science and he doesn’t see anything logically wrong with the idea that God could choose whether he wanted create miracles or not, but rather he rejected them from a moral perspective. The one miracle Wiles believes in is that God created and is sustaining the world, but he does not intervene in single acts. Wiles defines miracles as “the primary usage for the idea of divine action should…

Ever since the introduction of sin onto the Earth, all of mankind eventually commit sins. Romans 3:23 states, “…for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.” Our inevitable crimes come to pass due to various stimuli. Many characters and symbols in Lord of the Flies by William Golding are shown to be capable of both good and evil. Golding offers the idea that society’s beast is innate in all of us (143). No matter how we act in convenient circumstances or where we grew up, we can all…

Louise is a story about two women who decide to go on a trip, but it does not go as planned. The premise is a classic adventure story about friends who plan a great adventure; however, they hit bumps in the road, but the problems they endure help them define themselves. In the three act breakdown, act I is the planning of the trip to taking off on the trip, act II is the runaway from all their troubles, which leads to act III Thelma and Louise tries to escape and their official acceptance of an…

20 other students, who are also panicked about the same test you are about to take. The 20 other students in the classroom, however, are all from different economic classes, races, religions, and genders. Despite that, each and every one of you are grouped together to take the same test. The test administrator instructs you to begin, and every student, equipped with a #2 pencil, begins swiftly reading and vigorously filling in bubbles. You’re panicked and sweating because you know the test you…

. We all lose friends; it is inevitable. Despite our efforts, friends drift apart and move away, or we merely find other social groups that suit us. During this time, we may remain close friends or distant acquaintances with one another. We may even experience an outfall due to an argument or betrayal. In rare cases, unforgiveable actions thrash the line of friendship. Depending on the situation, every individual acts differently. Burdened by low self esteem and eternal struggles,…

how they act frivolously, irreverently, and manipulate others. The definition of earnest is “showing depth and sincerity of feeling.” Throughout the play, the way Algernon acts frivolously makes him not earnest. In the first act, Algernon knows that bringing Jack to his house in the country is a bad idea. Algernon states “Yes, that is all very well; but I am afraid Aunt Augusta won’t quite approve of your being here” (act one) Algernon knows that Jack and Gwendolen have been flirting around,…

ACT Test prevalence Since the ACT is mainly used for measuring readiness for first year college preparatory courses, it doesn 't necessarily measure how ready a student is for higher level courses. The ACT tests, as defined by “Data on Student Preparation, College Readiness, and Achievement in College,” “seek to predict how current students will perform in courses commonly taken by new college students”. Instead of measuring how well you will do in learning and storing the information in…