Acidosis

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output (CO) and the consequent decrease in blood flow throughout the body leads to many widespread effects. For example, when CO is too low, the body starts to prioritize and will decrease blood flow to certain organs, such as the digestive viscera, in order to maintain needed blood flow in organs such as the brain. As a result, a person with CHF will have issues with cachexia and malnutrition because the body is not…

Case Study: Clinical Biochemistry investigation into Addison Disease Introduction A fifteen year old male presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with his mother in St. Vincent’s University Hospital (SVUH) on the 8th September 2017 with suspected Addison disease (AD). On initial examination he was found to have severe abdominal pain and prolonged vomiting. Other symptoms could include fatigue, myalgia, weight loss and salt craving (Brooke & Monson, 2017). Laboratory Investigation and Results…

Acute Kidney Injury Case Study 1. AKI can be prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal. Prerenal is a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys and this leads to a decrease in glomerulus perfusion and filtration. During prerenal, Azotemia occurs and is the accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the blood. This results in a reduction in sodium excretion, increased sodium and water retention, and decreased urine output. Intrarenal has direct damage to the kidney. Nephrotoxins can cause structures to…

Asthma Pathophysiology, Treatment & Management Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that may require several hospitalizations a year for those who neglect to maintain their prescribed treatments or who are exposed to an antigen that starts the inflammation process. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the pathophysiology of chronic and acute asthma, the medications used to treat this disease, and develop a medication adherence plan for the child and adult who suffers from this condition…

Mr. ABC came in to the emergency department (ED) with a chief complaint of left sided chest pain with giddiness and associated with diaphoresis the same morning. While in the ED, he developed a sudden episode of shortness of breath. Mr. ABC has nil past medical or surgical history and has an allergy to Enalapril. His parameters taken are as follows: • Blood pressure: 112 /60 mmHg • Pulse rate: 42 beats/min • Temperature: 35.9°C • Spo2: 97% on room air • Respiration rate: 17 breaths/min An…

Larry 's ketoacidosis was resolved over the next few days and a further week on a medical floor, saw Larry stabilized on his previous insulin regime. Answer the following questions pertaining to the case: 1. Based on the pathophysiology a. Give reasons for Larry 's reported admission symptoms of muscle weakness, decreased skin turgor, tachycardia and hypotension. b. Describe how this situation can be corrected. A. Mr. Secord may be experiencing the following symptoms due to dehydration and…

Exam on COPD and related factors Please download questions and type answers being sure to cite references. • Define COPD and describe the three major disorder groups including symptoms and diagnostic signs. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of lung diseases that are characterized by constant obstructed airflow through the lungs and airways. The three disorder groups are: 1. Chronic bronchitis: this is when there is "persistent inflammation and excessive secretions of…

and electrolytes is generated. Urinary excretion of ketones requires additional losses of Na and K. Although significant total body deficit of K, K initial whey is typically normal or elevated, due to the extracellular migration of K in response to acidosis. If K is not controlled and replaced, as needed, hypokalemia is potentially fatal.…

is known to have "frequent episodes of right heart failure, and produces copious sputum resulting in coughing and respiratory infections." 4. Blue bloaters suffer from "pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction from the marked hypoxia and respiratory acidosis." 5. This leads to "right ventricular hypertrophy and cor pulmonale. The right heart failure then leads to "systemic venous congestion, peripheral edema, hepatic congestion, and ascites."…

When a patient presents to the hospital with a MI the optimal treatment to relieve pain is oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine sulfate respectively (Boateng, 2013). Aspirin 160-325mg orally should also be administered to patients presenting with an acute MI (Ryan et. al, 2015). Depending on whether the patient is presenting with STEMI or non-STEMI will determine the next plan of action. If a patient is diagnosed with a STEMI it is pertinent to apply reperfusion therapy, a therapy that restores…