Acidosis

According to “Essentials of Pathophysiology” by Carol Porth, “sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder in which abnormal hemoglobin (hemoglobin S [HbS]) leads to chronic hemolytic anemia, pain, and organ failure”. The recessive gene is inherited and appears as the sickle cell trait if heterozygous or sickle cell disease if homozygous with two HbS genes. The amount of hemoglobin that is affected by the gene depends on if they are heterozygous or homozygous, and therefore affects the gravity…

hypoglycemia. However, outcomes are routinely good if intervention is initiated early, with the primary goal return of euglycemia using supplemental dextrose infusion and octreotide to reduce further insulin secretion. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) can occur with both acute and chronic metformin exposure. While MALA is not common, its associated rates of morbidity and mortality can be high. Secondary to MALA, the patient may experience changes in the central nervous system,…

Hemoglobin is a key regulator of the blood’s pH, as well as the many buffers that are in our blood as a high variation of pH, can lead to sickness and/or death. Acidosis, which is a pH of 7.35 or lower in the body’s blood can result in fatigue, headache, confusion, yellow skin known as jaundice, increased heart rate as the minor symptoms. While alkalosis is the pH of 7.45 or high in the body’s blood and can cause…

INTRODUCTION The existing health care system has progressively encircled the idea of patient-centered approach and empowerment (Siviter, 2008). Moreover holistic nursing care demands nurses to incorporate accountability, self-care, spirituality and psychological well-being (Thornton, 2008). Therefore, in this essay I will present a patient who is admitted and cared during my shifts on my placement ward. Applying Roper Logan Tierney model of care (2000) which focuses on the activities of daily…

Gout is a “disorder of metabolism that allows uric acid or urate to accumulated in the blood and tissues”(Rothschild, 2015, p. 3). It is more common in men than in women and has a higher incidence in 70 to 79 years of age. The gout syndrome is “ caused by alteration in purine metabolism, the end product which is uric acid. This results in hyperurecemia and in the deposition of urate crystals in various tissues (Woo & Wynne, 2011, p. 869). Hyperuricemia can occur due three mechanisms: 1.…

Additionally, I will do a review of systems to elucidate more information regarding his medical history since numerous medical conditions could affect dental management (Wilson, Kornman, Steffensen, & Sottosanti, 2003). Furthermore, because diabetes affects multiple organ systems, it is important to determine if complications have set in. Complications of diabetes include premature vascular disease such accelerated onset of non-specific atherosclerosis or serious microangiopathy affecting the…

blood to the liver to make ketone bodies. Then the body continues to use fat that is released in the blood and the liver continuously makes ketone bodies. Continuous production of ketone bodies eventually lowers the pH of the blood, resulting in acidosis (Ketones, n.d.). Ketones are weak organic acids and the body produces them faster than the body can break them down (Guthrie & Guthrie, 2004). Ketoacidosis can cause a person’s breath to have a “fruity” odor. This is because one of the ketones,…

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from lack of insulin, the insulin produced is ineffective, or both. There are three types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 known as insulin dependent mellitus, which is the pancreas not producing insulin. Type 2 known as non-insulin dependent mellitus, which is the pancreas is able to produce some insulin but the cells are rejecting it. Gestational diabetes which is manifested during pregnancy. Within these three…

Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder that allows for some treatment, however the average life expectancy of a patient will Sickle cell anemia is only 30 years. An inherited gene causes the hemoglobin in the blood to become misshaped. Hemoglobin is the part of the red blood cells (RBC) that carries the oxygen to all of the body’s tissues and organs. This leads to inadequate amounts of oxygen to be carried on the hemoglobin, thus resulting in insufficient oxygenation for…

Looking at her medication list, her medical history may be rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, GERD, hypertension, anemia, hypothyroid, and a current infection. Why should you query her on the Bactrim, and would you consider it a routine home medication? Explain your answer. I would question the need for her to be on TMP/SMZ since she has no current infection that she is aware of. Although, she may be on this medication to regulate and prevent endocarditis since she has a history of…