Acid dissociation constant

Total hardness is the sum of amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions and is determined via complex-titration. Here is the stoichiometric point found by using different complex ions with different colours. The solution is titrated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt or in other words with trilone-B solution which can be simply notated as Na2H2Y Na2H2Y → 2Na+ + H2Y2– Chromogen black ET-00 (eriochrome black T) is used to determine the total hardness of water. Along with the Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions…

3.11.2. Effects of pH The pH is a very important parameter which controls the extent of photoassisted degradation. The effects of pH on degradation of CR were investigated using 15.0 mg of LDH; 1x10-5 M CR solution in the pH range of 4.0 to 11.0, adjusted by addition of either 0.1 M HCl or NaOH. The plot of C/C0 vs. irradiation time of aqueous CR is presented in Fig.12(B). The efficiency of photodegradation of aqueous CR was found to be higher in the acidic medium particularly at pH 4 (~99.7%)…

Graph 4 demonstrates the correlation between the transmittance and concentration levels of KMnO4, in how as the levels of concentration increase, the transmittance decreases. The experiment during week 2 was very similar to week 1 except we used potassium phosphate instead of potassium permanganate. Table 3 demonstrates the effect of wavelength on T% and absorbance. The same equation used for Table 2 was used in Table 3 in order, to calculate the absorbance. The highest absorbance level was…

It is essential for pharmacists to be able to predict the theoretical rate kinetics of pharmaceutical products in order to determine its shelf life. As the shelf life is defined by (t90), which is the availability of greater or equal to 90% of the drug, it is important to discover the rate of degradation of a drug to ensure that the patients receive an adequate dose of the drug. In this experiment, the stability of the active ingredient of Aspro Clear is investigated to identify the rate of…

Marwah Alabbad Qualitative aspects of Equilibrium Post lab 10/7/15 1. Tables in experience 1: A. Test tube 0.5M HNO3 (mL) Drops of Potassium thiocyanate Drops of Ferric nitrate Observation (color) A 0.5 mL 1 1 Light orange B 0.5 mL 1 9 Vibrant orange( medium) C 0.5 mL 5 5 Vibrant red D 0.5 mL 9 1 Dark shade of orange E 0.5 mL 9 9 Dark red B. Removing Fe3+ Test tube 0.5M HNO3 (mL) Drops of Potassium thiocyanate Drops of Ferric nitrate 1% NaOH (mL) Observation F 0.5 mL 5 5 - The color has…

concentrations of ions which are known as hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. The composition of a buffer in an acidic aqueous solution is combined containing a weak acid and salt of conjugate base of the weak acid. (Importance of Buffers, 2013) The composition of a buffer in a basic aqueous solution is combined containing a weak base and a salt of conjugate acid of weak base. A buffer solution resists the changes in pH therefore resisting modifications in hydronium ions and hydroxide ion…

experiment intend to prove Salem Lakes ability to buffer chemicals used in the water treatment process versus that of the Yadkin River. Using a jar test machine, simulated the addition of an acid in the form of Al2SO4, and a base NaOH to the coagulation process. Salem Lake does show a preferred buffering at higher acid doses, though Yadkin River is more efficient at the low to mid-range dose. INTRODUCTION There is a distinct difference in the buffering capacity of Salem Lake versus Yadkin…

considered as acids, those with pH values greater than 7 are known to be bases, while those having pH equal to 7 is identified as neutral substances (Petrucci, 2011). Identifying its electrolytic property also helps to characterize the given solutions. Strong electrolytes, such as strong acids and bases and salts are known to fully dissociate its ions in the solution, making it a good conductor of electricity. On the other hand, the presence of weak electrolytes, such as weak acids and bases, do…

determination of the pH of a buffer solution and the pKa for of a weak acid Introduction A practical was carried out to show how the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation works and to apply and hone the skills of pipetting, buffer-making, pH-meter use and graphing. The primary goal of the practical was to determine the pKa value of a weak acid. The Ka is an acid dissociation constant, it is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. The pKa is defined as the negative log of the…

Titrations of a strong acid or base with a weak acid or base yield results that greatly differ then a strong-strong titration. The strong-weak titrations allow for an in depth analysis of the half-equivalence point as well as buffers. The half equivalence point allows the calculation of pH from pKa, as they are both equal at the half equivalence point, proven by the Henderson Hasslbach equation. It was Henderson in 1908 that created an equation allowing for the logarithmic calculation for pH…