Acetyl

Many plants, such as Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) uses a process called Photosynthesis and Respiration to produce glucose and oxygen (O2). During photosynthesis, light, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are required to begin the process. Light is absorbed by the plant’s chlorophyll, while CO2 is absorbed through the stomata and H2O is absorbed by the cells of the root hairs. The equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 (Glucose). Plants are able to absorb all colors of the visible…

Abstract: A simple, novel, and sensitive method developed for estimation of Dappagliflozin and Saxagliptin. The method was carried out on reverse- phase C18 inertsil column, with mixture of Methanol: Water ( 80:20) ratio as a mobile phase, 1 ml / min flow rate. Different analytical parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, Limit of detection (LOD), Limit of Quantification (LOQ), robustness were determined according to the International conference on Harmonization ICH guidelines. The…

Nutrients deficiency and higher competition for nutrients in the soil is a major problem in most ecosystems. In order to overcome this deficiency of nutrients, plants have developed symbiotic association with beneficial microbes and endophytes (Clark and Zeto 2000). Endophytic fungi have been reported to transfer soil limiting nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus (Govindarajulu et al. 2005; Guether et al. 2009; Behie and Bidochka 2014) to their host plant whereas fungi received…

Acetaminophen is classified as an analgesic and an antipyretic. It is also one of the most commonly used medications to relieve pain in the United States. “Approximately one-third of the people in the United States report using an acetaminophen product at least once a month” (Aschenbrenner, 2006). The most common brand name for the over-the-counter medication is known as Tylenol, however, acetaminophen is also a major ingredient in many over-the-counter cold and flu medications, such as…

Abstract As one of the most popular analgesic and antipyretic, especially for pregnant women and children, acetaminophen is available over the counter in many forms. When consumed over long periods of time or in high dosages, acetaminophen has serious side effects including liver damage and other organ damages, therefore an effective quality control method of analysis. Here a method using cyclic voltammetry to analyze the concentration of acetaminophen in a liquid suspension Publix brand…

Every single movement, even the tiniest one, of our body requires energy. Human body constantly undergoes pathways and chemical reactions to maintain life. All reactions belong to metabolism, featuring catabolic reactions: break down of molecules into simple end products, or anabolic reactions: conversions of small precursor molecules into more complex ones. These pathways also feature Gibb’s free energy(∆G), which refers to the energy available for the reaction. If ∆G is positive, that means…

enriched diet will actually be converted into lipids and not into muscle glycogen called lipogenesis. Kersten (2000) review article stated lipogenesis can be stimulated because glucose is a substrate for lipogenesis (glucose can be converted into acetyl-CoA which can promote fatty acid synthesis) and high glucose releases insulin which inhibits the glucagon from the pancreas. The optimal nutritious diet for an athlete needs to have proper range of CHO, fat, and protein. American College of…

and solution phase. Its unique characteristic provides different physical and chemical properties. 1.2. Synthesis Most of the curcuminoids have been synthesized by Pabon method from most literature reports, which through the condensation of the acetyl acetone (pentone-2,4-dione)-boric oxide complex and an aromatic aldehyde in addition of tributyl borate and butylamine at 60°C with ethyl acetate as the solvent.8 This synthetic method involves aldol condensation, by forming acetylacetone-boron…

Cellulose derivatives The cellulose derivatives widely used in mucoadhesive formulations are hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose etc. • Hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose (HPMC): Hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose is semi synthetic, inert, viscoelastic polymers, extensively used not only for mucoadhesion properties but also for its controlled release mechanism. It has been applied to deliver various drugs via different type of dosage…

understand why and how medications work, don’t work, and the side effects (ACS, 2016). What is a specific example that exists for pharmaceutical reactions? A specific example that exist for a pharmaceutical reaction may consist of a transfer of an acetyl group from an aspirin molecule to a serine amino acid of a protein enzyme known as a COX inhibitor. An example of a balanced chemical equation would be aspirin+COX→salicylic acid+COX-OAc (Ilocis, 2016). What is the difference between…