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The role of the circadian clock in Imiquimod-induced skin inflammation Introduction The circadian rhythm is a biological system that allows organisms to synchronize their activities to the coming and going of light in their external environment. All living organisms contain this biological clock that helps coordinate physiological activities, such as eating, sleeping, and reproducing, to promote survival. In mammals, the principal regulator of the circadian clock is a group of nerve cells known…

Introduction Graphene is considered as pure carbon in the form of a very thin, one atom thick nearly transparent sheet. It is very strong for its low weight (100 times more stronger than steel and it conducts heat and electricity efficiently. While scientists had theorized about graphene for decades, it was first produced in the lab in 2003. Because it is virtually two-dimensional, it interacts oddly with light and with other materials. Researchers have identified the, ballistic transport of…

Introduction Mammalian Skin: The Basics The first line of defence between the outside world and inside an animal is the skin. It is an effective barrier against physical, chemical and pathogenic assault (1). However, the skin is not only a barrier but a sensory organ enabling animals to sense the surrounding environment, provoking appropriate responses for animal survival. There are two main types of skin; thin skin (hairy), which makes up nearly all the skin on the body, and glabrous skin…

1. Introduction Hydroxynitrile lyases (HNL, EC 4.1.2.x) are enzymes which mediate the release of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and aldehyde or ketone from cyanohydrins [1]. These HNL catalyse enantioselective synthesis and cleavage of cyanohydrins [2]. The cyanohydrins and their derivatives are finding wide applications in industries like pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and cosmetics since these can be readily converted into other important molecules like α-hydroxy carboxylic acids, α-hydroxy ketones…

The power of the sun is what makes life on Earth possible. Efforts to harness solar energy in concentrated form have long been a human pursuit. Solar technology has existed since the 19th century and has received substantial government support since at least the 1970s. Despite these efforts, solar power comprises less than 1% of U.S. electricity generation (History of Solar Power, para.1, 2016). There have been many applications besides bulk power generation, and the solar-powered vehicle is one…

CORROSION STUDIES WITH ANTIGONON LEPTOPUS IN 1M HCl S.Aejitha 1, P P.K.Kasthuri 2andGeethamani 3 1 Department of Chemistry, Asian College of Engineering & Technology, Coimbatore- 641110, India 2 Department of Chemistry, L.R.G.Government Arts College for Women, Tirupur- 638604, India 3 Department of Chemistry, Sriguru Engineering College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore -641110, India Correspondence should be addressed to S.Aejitha ,aejitha_subbaian@yahoo.co.in ABSTRACT The inhibition…

Chapter 1 Introduction Waste generated from food industries is a source of an untapped energy which is mostly dumped inland fills whereby it releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. It is very difficult to treat and recycle food waste due to its composition. Food industry produces large volumes of wastes, both solids and liquid, resulting from the production, preparation and consumption of food. These wastes lead to increasing waste disposal and can pose severe pollution problems and…

Insulin is typically given in insulin pens with very fine needles. Long-term prospects The child needs to keep their blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible to delay the development of eye and kidney damage. This can occur after the onset of puberty, but is usually a concern only in later life. Regular check-ups at the children's outpatient ward at least every three months are recommended. Regular check-ups for the late-stage diabetic…

Valorisation of chicken feathers: Optimization and Characterization of Cleaning process of chicken feathers by Response surface methodology Tamrat Tesfaye1 Bruce Sithole1, 2 Deresh Ramjugernath1, 3 1Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa 2Forestry and Forest Products Research Centre, Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban, South Africa 3Pro Vice-Chancellor: Innovation, Commercialization and…

Adipic acid is mainly use as monomer in manufacture Nylon 6/6 fiber, plasticizer, grease, polyurethane etc. There are several countries in the world that manufacturing the adipic acid. But there also countries that just is a supplier for this adipic acid to any factory that need adipic acid in their countries. The main countries that produce adipic acid are United State of America and also China. Almost ninety percent of adipic acid manufactured in United State of America is used to produce…