MS222 or benzocaine which pre-dissolved in acetone or alcohol are the chemical that commonly use to anesthetize the fish. However, there are problems during giving vaccinations to the fishes. Some of the problems are stated as below : 1. May prevents the ova being released into body cavity when the…
RESULTS SOLUBILITY ANALYSIS: Ketoprofen sample was found to be soluble in ethanol, Chloroform, ether, acetone at neutral pH and is found to be almost insoluble in water. Solubility analysis is important because the drug has to dissolve in the solvents and also in the dissolution medium used. MELTING POINT DETERMINATION: The melting point of the Ketoprofen was found to be 96˚C by open capillary tube using microcontroller based melting point apparatus which is within the reported range of 94˚C…
RESULT AND DISCUSSION 7.1. Preformulation studies 7.1.1. Identification of pure drug by FTIR Figure7.1: Identification of Sample through FTIR Figure 7.2: FTIR Spectrum of Standard Prazosin hydrochloride (with references of B.P.- 2009) Table: 7.1 - Characteristics peaks of Prazosin hydrochloride S.No. Reference peaks (cm-1) Theoretical peak of Prazosin hydrochloride Obtained peaks (cm-1) Functional Group Stretching/ Bending 1 1750-1680 1529.92 1529.92 C=O Stretching 2. 1650-1580…
Introduction: Nano tribology is a study field of interfacial phenomenon in nano scale. The interaction between two contacting solids during a relative motion from atomic to microscale is important to understand the friction, wear, adhesion, indentation phenomenon. Now a days it has a plenty application in micro electro mechanical system (MEMS), nano electro mechanical system (NEMS), magnetic storage, lubricant manufacturing and many more field. There are few instruments in the market…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are two very widespread techniques for examining various properties of substances in many fields of study. These fields can range from biology to chemistry to geology and several others (5). Both work by using the electromagnetic properties of the ways that electrons travel and interact with other atoms. Because electrons have a shorter wavelength of motion and a much higher energy than light, electron microscopy has a…
warned about the danger of the poisons in these products, there is no such warning for the toxins in tobacco smoke.” While all of that may be true there are proven chemicals that have been found in the traditional cigarette. The more popular ones are Acetone which is found in nail polish. Along with that is Acetic Acid which is used in hair dye. Some more well known ones are Ammonia that is found in your common household cleaners and Benzene that is found in rubber cement. On top of those four…
Lipid Digestion: Absorption and Transport of Lipids Lipid digestion occurs primarily in the small intestine though a small amount of lipids are broken down in the stomach. Special enzymes called lipases breakdown triglycerides the most abundant lipids in the diet and phospholipids. Lingual lipase secreted by glands in the tongue and gastric lipase secreted by gastric chief cells hydrolyze a small amount of triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides. As chyme enters the duodenum from the…
Goals The overall goal of this project was to identify an unknown ionic compound; each group was assigned a small container filled with 5 grams of an unknown ionic compound. In order to be able to identify the unknown compound, we had to do several preliminary tests, cation tests, anion tests, and a reactivity test. Throughout these three weeks, we will identify a compound and its qualities just by looking at it. We also made quantitative and qualitative solutions and tested the compounds' pH,…
The history of immunizations and vaccines in Europe and the Americas began with Edward Jenner, a British doctor who lived in Gloucestershire, England. Jenner performed the world’s first vaccination in 1796, created to protect the world against smallpox. By inoculating people with substances from a cowpox lesion, he was able to create immunity to smallpox all over the world. Vaccines and antitoxins against anthrax, diphtheria, plague, tuberculosis, and more were developed over the 1930s. Over…
1. INTRODUCTION Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is an effective method of analyzing the intricate electrical resistance of a process and it is sensitive to surface phenomena and changes in the bulk properties. Thus it plays a major role in electrochemical research. It has been diligently used for the interpretation of corrosion mechanisms and in the characterisation of charge transport over the membrane. In the area of biosensors, it is especially appropriate for the detection of…