Acetic anhydride

Introduction: Leaf Disk float in water alone. When a solution consisting of a small amount of sodium bicarbonate is added to the water it causes the leaf disk to sink. As photosynthesis continues in the leaf disk it releases oxygen and causes the leaf disk to rise. While cellular respiration is occurring also the rate that the disk raise is an in implicit measurement of the net rate of photosynthesis. The independent variable in this lab is the solution and the light because it can be…

Ammonia is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, having the formula NH3. The ammonia molecule is formed by sp3 orbitals as it has a tetrahedral geometry and a trigonal pyramidal shape. Ammonia has an experimentally determined bond angle of 106.7°, and an a bond length of 101.7 pm. The nitrogen atom in the molecule has a lone electron pair, which gives the molecule a dipole moment and polarity. Ammonia’s lone electron pair makes NH3 a base, a proton acceptor, and gives it the ability to…

The experiment began by weighing 2.0g of acetanilide into a round bottom flask and adding a stir bar. 20ml of glacial acetic acid was added to the flask and was covered with a watch glass. The solution was stirred until the acetanilide was dissolved. The flask was brought to the hood and 7.0g of pyridinium tribromide was added and then stirred for about 30 minutes with a watch glass as a cover. While stirring, 10% sodium bisulfite was added in 1ml increments until the orange/red color…

Molecules Project 1: Chemiluminescence Luuk Adema & Ewout van der Veer S2794640 & S2680254 luukadema@hotmail.com & ewoutvanderveer@msn.com 31-10-14 F. Mecozzi, E. Hagting & M. van Zuylen Abstract Luminol was synthesized and the light intensity of its luminescence was tested. The yield of the synthesis was 55%. Measurements of the intensity of luminescence were done under standard and optimal conditions resulting in peak intensities of ±0.02 lux (standard) and ±0.03 lux (optimal). It has been…

homogenate solution was taken and mixed with 5 ml of phosphate buffer of pH 7.4. To this 4 ml of 0.2 M H2O2 was added and time noted. Exactly after 180 seconds of adding H2O2, a set of 1ml of reaction mixture from the above was taken and 2 ml dichromate acetic acid was added. It was then kept in a boiling water bath for 10 minutes. All the tubes were then cooled under running tap water and finally readings were taken at 570 nm against reagent blank. The catalase activity in gastric tissue was…

structure. In order for this reaction to occur an aldehyde, ammonia, and two equivalents of a B-ketoester go through a one-pot cyclocondensation reaction. After 1,4-dihydropyridine is formed, it is then oxidized to form its pyridine derivative. Alcohol or Acetic acid is then used as a refluxing solvent for this compound. This compound has been found to have many uses including the treatment of cardiovascular disease and Ca2+ channel blockers. These dihydropyridines are also powerful…

Fizzy drinks can cause some significant damage to your teeth and general heath. There are three main damaging factors: the sugar content, the acidic properties and the staining effect. The ph of a solution is defined as the hydrogen ion, H+, concentration of said solution (ThoughtCo, 2017). The ph scale ranges from 0-14. Ph 7 being a neutral ph, every ph above being classed as alkali and every ph before being classed as acidic. The mouth has a neutral ph that varies slightly from 6.5-7.5. This…

The protocol used to perform this experiment was followed as indicated by Simmons (2009). Three labeled glass jars with screw tops were obtained and approximately 8 grams of soda lime was added to only two of the jars. The other jar without soda lime served as a control to account for any CO2 already present in the chamber. All three jars were labeled with a number and location. Both jars containing the granules were oven dried to remove any water content for 24-hours. Next, jars were removed…

You have recently reached out to our firm Nittany Chemical Analysis to assist you in assigning the correct empirical formula for Manganese ( ) Chloride. On the 14th of September 2015, we carried out an experiment and we were able to accurately determine that manganese had an oxidation number of III. From this finding we are confident that the empirical formula for the compound in question is Manganese (III) Chloride. Throughout the entire course of this letter, we will further explain our…

The purpose of the lab was to find which of the three balanced chemical equations was correct using decomposition & stoichiometry. After getting the necessary supplies for the lab, get the crucible and weigh it on the scale. After that, reset the scale so that it shows all zeros. Then put a certain amount (10,00 g), set up the ring stand and bunsen burner, so you can heat the crucible and baking soda effectively. The lab procedure and data supports the hypothesis, that if baking soda is heated,…