Acetic anhydride

carbon atom (−CH=CH−) of fatty acid,28 this peak provides the evidence of the presence of fatty acid chain of SO in the HBA resin. The peak in the range δ =7.3−7.5 ppm associated with the aromatic protons attached to the benzene ring of phthalic anhydride present in the structure of HBA.. Presence of ester group in the HBA backbone due to the reaction…

front line with a pencil. Three spot were labeled A, B, and C. A sample of each standard was spotted on the analytical TLC plate approximately 1cm from the bottom of the plate. It was then enclosed in a jar filled with 2ml of 95% ethyl acetate- 5% acetic acid. (Another laboratory group conducted the same procedure but using 1:1 Hexanes: Ethyl Acetate as the developing solvent). After the TLC plate was developed until the solvent reached 1cm at its top; the plates were analyzed using UV light and…

Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory was to synthesize isopentyl acetate, commonly known as banana oil, in a reaction of methanol and isopentyl alcohol catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Through this Fischer esterification reaction, it was possible to learn about using a Reflux condenser to run a reaction as well as purifying the product through various washes and extractions along with simple distillation. In addition, the product of the experiment was carefully analyzed based upon boiling point,…

Dissolution test will be carried out in a simulated gastric fluid (SGF) using hydrochloride acid or a neutral buffer phosphate solution. The simulated gastric fluid without enzyme (SGF) at pH 1.2 and pH 3 containing sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid in 900ml deionized water will be prepared. Thus, the pH will be adjusted using hydrochloride(Ghazal et al., 2015). The simulated gastric media containing milk (whole milk, skimmed milk) will be prepared using an equal volume of milk and (SGF) pH…

Kevlor A synthetic material which has high tensile strength and used in manufacturing of tires and also as a reinforcement agent in manufacturing of protective parts like helmet etc…, HISTORY In 1930’s a chemical company called DuPont prepared commercially succeful super polyamide. Actually in 1964 Stephanie kwolek discovered kevlor in DuPont laboratory while doing research on the high performance chemical compounds. Kevlor is patented Stephanie kwolek in 1966 which is used by many police…

Experiment 15.2 Purpose: To show temperature effects on reactions and Le Chatelier’s principle. Materials: 2 test tubes, 2 eyedroppers, 2 beakers, 2 small cups, Clear ammonia solution, White Vinegar, Flame or stove, Pot, Water, Ice, a few leaves of red cabbage, and safety goggles. Question: How does equilibrium work with respect to temperature and concentration? Hypothesis: Depending on whether the reaction is endo-thermic or exothermic the equilibrium will shift to one side, this is also true…

salicylamide and reference. And the sample one we start from left to right: Anacin Excedrin Bufferin Tylenol and reference. It is important that the spots have to be small. Then put reference plate in a wide mouthed screwcap jar with 0.5% glacial acetic in ethyl acetate about 0.5cm depth. Wait for solvent rose to about 0.5cm from the top, take the reference plate out and using a lead pencil, mark the position of the solvent front. Then dry it, and observe it under a short-wavelength UV lamp.…

Esters are compounds that release vapors that are pleasant to smell such that similar to various fruits. They are using in a variety of things such as scented candles, air fresheners, incense and other sweet smelling products. The process for making air fresheners uses Fischer Esterification, the same procedure used to create our ester (Banana oil). Creating an artificial ester involves using various molecules containing alcohol groups (OH) and carboxylic acid groups (C=OOH), using different…

In order to extract aspirin, caffeine, and acetaminophen from a tablet of pain medication acid and base extraction techniques were used to exploit the differences in solubility between the components. This is achieved by using a separatory funnel and three different solvents, 4M HCl which separated the caffeine, deionized water which separated the acetaminophen, and 5% wt/vol NaHCO3 which separated the aspirin. Once the solution of the crushed tablet and ethyl acetate was mixed with a solvent in…

Introduction Extraction involves the separation of compounds in a mixture. This separation in based on the differences in each compound’s solubility. For the purpose of this lab, the liquid-liquid extraction technique was used. This method involves using two immiscible solvents, and because of each compounds solubility in each of those solvents, the mixed compounds can separate. Generally, this process includes water as one of the immiscible solvents, but for this lab, t-butyl methyl ether was…