Acetic acid

pH of acids, bases, and salts As predicted, going down the list of solutions the pH of each got higher and higher, so it went from acidic to basic. There is even a difference in pH between the HCl solutions due to the difference in molarity—even being the same…

Carbonate (NaHCO3) and Citric acid on the other hand react together in the aqueous solution to form sodium citrate. The sodium citrate produced is able to neutralise the HCl produced in the stomach by exchanging the H+ in the solution with the Na+ forming citric acid, which is a weaker acid than hydrochloric acid. There is also an excess amount of Sodium Bicarbonate present with solution and the bicarbonate ions act as the main buffering agents neutralising any acid or alkali added producing…

Introduction Amino acids are important molecules that serve as building blocks for all proteins that are made in every organism. Although there are millions of different proteins that can be made by all living things combined, all proteins are derived from a base of 20 amino acids that are combined together in different ways to create the diversity of life that is on Earth. Humans cannot produce all of the amino acids needed for protein synthesis, so these essential amino acids must be consumed…

seven liquids are considered acid. However, seven is considered a neutral, like distilled water. Therefore, eight to fourteen the liquids are considered basic. For instance, a pH of two is going to be an acidic liquid. Thus, a pH of twelve would be measured as a basic liquid. Additionally, a strip of litmus paper will demonstrate that a solution contains an acid. However, if the solution contains a base the paper will turn blue, and if it turns red the solution is an acid. Also, like the litmus…

is a neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (a salt) and water; the resulting pH is closer to 7. The general chemical equation for a neutralization reaction is: Acid + Base Water + Ionic Compound This can also be considered as a double displacement reaction. However, since the reacts are an acid (carbonic acid) and a base (sodium hydroxide) and the products are a salt (sodium carbonate) and water…

go to 7 or 7.8, it can be deadly. The blood buffer contains carbonic acid which dissociates into bicarbonate acid and hydrogen ions. This equation can also be reversed; it is a chemical equilibrium. If the hydrogen ions rise, bicarbonate accepts the hydrogen ions and the equilibrium shifts left thus making the blood acidic. When the blood becomes acidic, acidosis…

Introduction: Many chemical compounds are broken down into two very distinct categories: acidic or basic. Acidic, based on the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) donor. An equation exemplifying an acid dissolving in water is: HCl (g) H2O H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) A base, based on the Bronsted-Lowry Theory, is defined as a proton (H+) acceptor. An equation exemplifying a base dissolving in water: NaOH (s) H2O Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq) Molarity, also known as the concentration…

nanomechanical retention which is due to polymerisation of hydrophilic monomers around acid exposed collagen fibres.1 The entanglement of these monomers within the exposed collagen fibres gives rise to the so called Hybrid layer , which is also referred as Resin infiltrated Dentin layer.2 The presence of hybrid layer is important for attainment of a leakage free interface between the cavity walls and resin composite.2 After acid etching, the demineralized collagen matrix is present in a…

life. Pollution is creating a positive feedback loop in our freshwater aquatic life, including the killings of many of freshwater wildlife. Through the analysis of several different articles and books, this review will look over how eutrophication, acid rain, and heavy metal pollution effects freshwater aquatic life. Eutrophication is a process in which there are extra fertilizers, and other types of materials which runs off into…

on it which would have been removed with the stick. It is less clear why the benzoic acid was overproduced. Some of the organic layer may have been drawn off with it, but the vacuum filtration should have left only the benzoic acid. There could have been an error in weighing the filter paper before the procedure. There also could have been contaminants in the basic extract, causing more than just the benzoic acid to be filtrated. There is also the chance that too much starting material was…