ABO blood group system

donor and transferring it into the recipient whose organ has failed. However, solid organ transplant rejection by the recipient's immune system may occur. Transfusion before transplantation was found to reduce solid organ transplant rejection by inducing regulatory T-cells and immunomodulation with down-regulation of the immune system. Similarly, ABO blood group matching, tissue typing, cross matching and using immune suppressants are among the methods used to avoid rejection. Interestingly,…

Antibodies cause antigens to clump together. IgM is more effective that IgG. The Hemagglutination is the Clumping of red blood cells. The term agglutinin is used to define antibodies that agglutinate particulate antigens. Clumping is a serological reaction and is very alike to the precipitation reaction. These Agglutination reactions can be used for transfusion of blood cells and to identify bacterial cultures. Opsonization For opsonization the antigen such as bacterium…

is known as blood doping. Jeanna Bryner, Managing Editor of Live Science, states it is “an illicit method of improving athletic performance by artificially boosting the blood 's ability to bring more oxygen to muscles.” Marathonist and cyclists use this method over steroids because if there is more oxygen going into their muscles, then they are able to increase their stamina and performance. This increase allows athletes to travel long distances without becoming fatigued. Though blood doping…

Performance of Pediatric Index of Mortality-2 Scoring System in Tanta University Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Ahmed Abd El Basset Abo-El ezz *, Khaled Talaat Abu-Ela *, Aml Zaki Abd Elaziz *, Maaly Mohamed Mabrouk †, Ehab Abd Elhalem Abo Ali ‡ From the Departments of * Pediatric, † Clinical Pathology and ‡ Public health, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. Declaration of Conflicting Interests The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the…

Technology Assessment, 1990). In many cases, criminals take the initiative to clean up the crime scenes, which involves fixing furniture, wiping the place for fingerprints or wearing gloves. Additionally, there are also attempts to remove larger stains of blood. Hence, the use of DNA as a tool for forensic investigation cannot be overstated as almost all the cells in the body are haploid, excluding gametes. Additionally, several types of biological material are useable in forensic science for…

The analysis of genetic markers for identification of biological evidential material in forensic science began with ABO blood group serology in the early part of the 20th century. The appreciation that individual genetic variation could be used to exclude suspected individuals from criminal activity propelled the analysis of other gene products including isozyme and polymorphic protein determination by slab gel electrophoresis. Forensic DNA analysis was introduced in the 1980s and became…

Immunoglobulins are created by the immune system in order to defend the body from foreign substances. These are made of proteins and are often referred to as antibodies. There are five classes of immunoglobulins. These five classes are IgG, IgM, IgD, IgA, and IgE. These classes are distinct from each other by their properties and how they are involved with the immune response. These five classes can be further broken down into more specific subclasses as well. IgG represents approximately 15%…

They mostly focused their preventative health care on women and unborn fetus. At banner Women’s Health clinical, they are not capable of doing blood draws, however they are able to provide paper work to the patient on what blood work to obtain such as ABO/RH type, antibody screen, CBC, HIV, RPR reflex titer, Rubella, Varicella, A1C and TSH. During this clinical rotation, the preventative health care practiced on a regular basis to a patient, was…

Introduction There are many people who have been accused of crimes they have not committed. Youngblood and African American male. He was wrongfully convicted of sexual assault, kidnapping, and child molestation of the young Latino boy name David Leon. At the time of the crime Larry was 30 years old. And the incident happened in the state of Arizona, on October 29th, 1983. A ten-year-old boy was abducted from a carnival in Pima county, Arizona. The young boy was molested by an unknown suspect.…

child_1 and child_2 and father_1 now shares similar bands with all three of the children. Fig.4 shows that all the cases have a single band far above the rest it is approximately 20 in size. The mother has two bands that is approximately 50 and one abo in size. Father_2 has two other bands that are 100 and 50(from top to bottom). Child_1 and child_2 has two other bands about 50 in size each. Child_3 has two other bands about 100 and 50 (from top to bottom) . Father_1 has a stacked band and…