Abiotic component

The four chemicals that are essential for life on Earth are water, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Water is essential for life because it is an excellent solvent. Many different type of material can dissolve in water. Water transport nutrients and waste in and from the human body. Water is also found everywhere on Earth. It can exist as a liquid, solid or gas. Many organisms use water in order to flush toxins anything into and out of a cell. Without water there would be no vegetation on land…

Since the beginning of time, non-human animals have played an important part in the sustenance of human beings. In the ecosystem, co-existence of biotic components that are, micro-organisms, plants, animals, humans and the abiotic components, in a balanced way has resulted in the developed world we live in. The absence or lack of even the minutest beings from/on the earth can impact the ecosystem to a great extent. Still, some people consider that humans are far more superior to any other animal…

the smallest amounts. Mercury is a natural element that occurs throughout our environment and solar system. It has unique properties (i.e liquid metal at room temperature) and can be found in very small concentrations in many rocks and is the main component of the mineral cinnabar. Natural background levels can be detected in soils, living organisms, air, and water around the world. Mercury is still used today in a wide variety of products and processes. It is used (although with less and less…

and abiotic factors. Biotic factors include all of the living things such as plants, animals, bacteria, fungi and humans living in an area. The interactions between them such as competition, predation, mutualism and parasitism show that each species in an ecosystem has a direct effect on the other species in the ecosystem. Meanwhile, abiotic factors are the physical and chemical components of an ecosystem such as intensity of light, range of temperature, gases, water and weather. The abiotic…

Duckweeds, or water lens, are flowering aquatic plants which float on or just beneath the surface of still or slow-moving bodies of fresh water and wetlands. Duckweeds are good for experiments because they are very simple plants, lacking a stem. Duckweeds are commonly found in environments that are associated with fertile, even eutrophic conditions. Since duckweeds can provide nitrate removal and can absorb mineral nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, they are known for purifying water.…

containing cities, towns, airports; including regional, state, and national parks are in temporal disarray. The peninsulas endured a mass extinction occurring at an uneven rate with widespread and rapid decay in the biodiversity. The essential abiotic components of the ecosystem have altered introducing non-indigenous species with varieties and variations of life. Over six-hundred species of carnivorous plants have evolved and adapted deriving nutrients from trapping and consuming animals and…

Heat stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agriculture production worldwide which causes an array of physiological, biochemical and morphological changes in plants. Maize crop is unique among cereals on account of wider flexibility and adaptability in growing conditions, ranging from Kharif, Rabi and Spring seasons. Further, the response of plants to high temperature stress is reflected in apparent morphological traits like leaf firing, tassel blasting etc. The composite…

•Background and aim Soil salinity is one of the major environmental obstacles that limit the crop productivity. A pot experiment was conducted with an aim to explore the ameliorative effects of exogenously applied sodium nitroprusside (SNP) concentration against salinity stress in Brassica napus (L.) cv. Pactole. Methods Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in plastic pots and were exposed to ***** mM NaCl. Further, ***** days old plants were sprayed with sodium nitroprusside (SNP,…

affect soil pH; as calcium levels rise, soil pH becomes less acidic. Calcium exists mainly in the soil as exchangeable cations (Ca2+) associated with basic anions. As the calcium levels increase the associated basic anions neutralize the acidic components of the soil (Gament et al. 2017). We hypothesized that calcium levels in the soil affect species richness; as calcium levels rise in the soil species richness will decrease. As the calcium levels increase, some plants begin to take advantage of…

that contain chitin as a cell wall component, the major role of chitinases appears to be in modification of chitin. Chitinases are also considered to have a role in defense or in enhancing competitiveness in higher plants and animals that do not contain chitin. Bacterial chitinases are mainly involved in degrading chitin to provide carbon and nitrogen nutrition to the cells (Patil et al. 2000). In plants, chitinases have been implicated both in biotic and abiotic stress responses as well as in…