Abdullah Gül

Ferroelectricity Among the ferroelectric materials, the static dielectric constant depends on the temperature under the relation: Curie – Weiss relation: €r = P + Q/ (T-Tc), (T> Tc), P, Q are constants temperature independent. C = Curie constant Tc = Curie temperature A transition in phase is observed at temperature Tc. Above this, the material remains in Paraelectric phase (the phase where the elementary dipoles of different crystal unit cells are…

Identification of a Liquid Objective This experiment was performed out to determine the identity of an unknown liquid sample by investigating its solubility in water, hexane and ethyl alcohol. Also, its density and boiling point were obtained and compared to the theoretical values. Theory Chemical substances can be identified through investigation of their chemical and physical properties and then comparing the experimental values to the standard values. Physical properties do not change the…

be positive if one was adding Mercury to the cell. Also be sure to document the numerical values for the volume of gas and liquid, amount of Hg removed, and the pressure, in a table, every time you remove Mercury. Keep removing Mercury until the bubble point is found. The bubble point is reached when there is 0.002 or 0.001 cc of gas is shown in the cell. When both a liquid and gas are in the cell press F6 every time Hg is removed, this activates the liquid circulation pump which ensures the…

Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Lab Report Objective: By utilising the catalyst of potassium iodide to trigger a decomposition reaction in hydrogen peroxide, how will fluctuation in temperatures will affect the decomposition rate? Hypothesis: Due to the decomposition effect of potassium iodide on hydrogen peroxide, the increased temperature applied will also increase the decomposition rate, because of the more occurrences of collisions which causes the more energy to be produced. Independent…

The aim of this experiment was to determine the percentage composition of magnesium and oxygen in magnesium oxide and evaluate if the composition varies or remains constant. To test this, magnesium was heated and made to react with the oxygen gas in the atmosphere. This reaction formed the ionic compound, magnesium oxide. The percentage composition was later calculated based on the results of the experiment as shown in the above calculations, Figure 4. These results were compared to the expected…

is heating a pan of water on a hot plate. She observes water vapor beginning to rise from the surface of the water. As the water reaches 95°C, what can Hailey expect to observe soon? A Drops of water dripping down the outside of the pan B Bubbles of gas forming in the water C The particles of water vibrating in place within the pan D The particles of water moving together into a definite shape ____ 16. When you pull up on the handle of a bicycle pump, it takes particles of air into its…

Purpose: The main purpose behind this experiment is to know the how the strength of the intermolecular forces changes with the molecular size and structures. Based on the examination of the evaporation of different liquids and by determining the vapor pressure of different alcohols at a different temperature. Producer: There will be two parts in this experiment to know the strength of the intermolecular forces of different liquids, to conclude the role of the molecular size and structure of…

substance. Simple distillation is the technique that disrupts the IMAF’s and forces the molecules to break by adding thermal energy to increase the kinetic energy for the molecule to overcome their IMAF’s so that the molecule is able to leave and go into gas phase. This happens when the vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. Doing this test will give a pure liquid of Unknown 105 B.…

Aim: To use a neutralization reaction to propel a model rocket. Hypothesis: That the neutralization reaction between the bicarbonate of soda and the vinegar will produce a gas, which build up enough pressure to launch the bottle rocket. Materials: Vinegar, bicarbonate of soda (NaHCO3) Equipment: Plastic Bottle, Wooden Block, Nail, Cork, Duct Tape. Method: 1. Nailed a cork to plank of wood as a base for the rocket. 2. Wrapped tape around cork so that it fitted the neck of the bottle. 3. Put two…

Prepare a chart for recording any observations as you test for the presence of cations in the solution. Set up and label 10 test tubes #1- #10 and place them in order in a test-tube rack. Wash and rinse all of glassware with distilled water. Prepare a hot-water bath in a 250 mL beaker by filling it up to 150 ml and bringing it to a boil. Obtain 2 ml of the solution you want to test and pour it into test tube 1. To test the solution for Pb2+ and Ag+ ions, add 8 drops of 6 M HCl solution to…