Copd Essay

commonly referred to as COPD. Currently over “64 million people have COPD and it is the third leading cause of death worldwide” (WHO, 2013). Several factors cause the disease and symptoms are hard to detect in earlier stages. COPD can shorten a person’s life span and cause immeasurable physical disabilities, as well as, emotional lifestyle changes, but can be preventable if people would not smoke. Treatment and management options are available for individuals living with COPD. Many people…

disease, or COPD, is a term that covers several conditions. All of the conditions consist of blockage of air to and from the lungs and cause difficulty breathing. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and some types of asthma are the disease which fall under the COPD category. Figures from the World Health Organization say up to 50- 60 million people are diagnosed worldwide with COPD. This number is actually very low because a substantial number got undiagnosed. For example 50% of people with COPD in…

critical care unit today. One of my patients was suffering from end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, while the other was experiencing an outbreak of shingles. The patient with end-stage COPD was a 57-year-old female patient, who has been hospitalized for shortness of breath related to her COPD numerous times in the past few months. Throughout my time on the floor the patient experienced exacerbations, which dropped her oxygen saturation to below 80% at times. Despite the severity of…

As she has a history with smoking, it has affected her lung functions. She currently has COPD, which smoking in this case is the major contributor that condition. In COPD, chronic bronchitis is seen with COPD, which “it is characterized by inflammation of the larger airways, increased production of mucus, and chronic cough” (Yoost, 2016, p.951); causing the wheezing heard in the lungs. Along with…

Mrs. White’s COPD is triggered mainly by her history of cigarette smoking. The noxious substances in cigarette smoke initiate the production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) and release of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and epithelial cells. In fact, the activated cells in COPD inflammation secrete a number of mediators. These include a variety of active proteinases, toxic peptides, and oxidants which damage lung structures and sustain inflammatory processes (_____). The resulting…

Review of her medical records indicates that she has had multiple hospitalizations in the last year for CHF/COPD exacerbation her last hospitalization was 8/28/16 at SLMC for COB and hypoxia. On 8/28/16 she had a left and right cardiac cath because of dyspnea and congestive heart failure. Her other medical history includes NIDDM, Afib, CVA with right sides hemiparesis, MI, GAD, dementia, bipolar, chronic ischemic heart disease, dysphagia, cognitive communication deficit, hyperlipidemia and GERD.…

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most common and prevalent diseases in the world (Raadhika and Shanthi, 2012; Rao and Kulkarni , 2012). Salbutamol sulphate (SS) is a short-acting β2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the relief of bronchospasm (Sharma et al., 2015). Salbutamol sulphate is readily absorbed from the gastro intestinal tract following oral administration, and it undergoes the first pass metabolism in the liver. It requires multiple dosing a day…

the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension (HTN) with a compelling indication of the post-myocardial infarction (post-MI). COPD is a progressive respiratory condition characterized by the inadequate airflow which makes the breathing more difficult. COPD patients are commonly treated with the bronchodilators such as the beta-2 adrenergic agonists.1 The beta-2 agonists stimulate…

“Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a life-threatening lung disease characterized inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing.” (World health organization 2015) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), includes asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema and is a “chronic non-curable disease”. (Long, M. B., Bekelman, D. B., & Make, B. 2014) Chronic bronchitis is an inflammation of the airway structures,…

Self-management education program has a positive impact in COPD patients. Self- management education programs can improve HRQoL and COPD knowledge, and reduce COPD-related hospitalization and ED visits in patients with COPD. Also, self-management education program can be beneficial in disease control and psychosocial wellbeing. Findings showed that self-management education program can improve HRQoL and knowledge in patients with COPD, that can last 12 months after the intervention.…