A total of 34 different studies were used. The literature was searched in two categories; false memory retrieval and encoding that led to false memories, where all the points on certain conditions had to be met. The criteria set by (Kurkela, & Dennis 2016) included “participants who had done a whole brain analysis, people without mental illness or neuropsychological problems…
Naïve Realism and Amnesia Naïve realism is the belief that we see the world exactly as it is, without objective or bias from influence of upbringing. Consequentially, naïve realism can pose an important problem when judging appearances as well as evaluating the objectives and biases of ourselves and those around us. For instance, if one was out in public with their partner, they may both exhibit different levels of comfort with reagrds to public affection without realizing that they most…
In the article, Depth Echolocation Learnt by Novice Sighted people the authors did a study to see if you could teach non-blind people to echolocate. They had 18 participants, 9 males 9 females. After conducting a few tests to make sure none of the participants had hearing impairments, some of the participants were put in the anechoic room, and half in the reverberant room which had parquet, polyester carpet on the floor. They believed that non-blind people would echolocate better in the…
This effect was not seen in the homogeneous condition since the relationship between physical activity and processing was shown only when working memory and cognitive flexibility were required. This finding implies that a positive relationship exists between physical activity and cognitive flexibility. Therefore, physically active individuals use their attentional resources more effectively, and also…
Nerve cell degeneration that occurs in AD (as shown in Figs. 4 & 5) reflects in a great way symptoms that the individual experiences. Typically, nerves degeneration occurs first in the brain area responsible for learning and memory, and gradually spreads to cells controlling other aspects such as thinking, judgment and behavior. Eventually, damage reaches nerve cells that control and coordinates movement. Figure 4 Brain from normal elderly person (upper left and right)vs. brain of…
False memories are created through DRM paradigm from automatic spread of activation stored information (Watson et al, 2005). It is also due to the attentional control that differentiates words and networks from the real presentation of words (Watson et al, 2005). There are numerous factors that can cause distortions of memory such as relatedness effects, imagination, and social factors. Relatedness effects are an individual experiencing numerous stimuli that are related, where they generally…
The Doors and People Test was conducted by MacPherson, Bozzali, Cipolotti, and Shallice, and was approved by the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurology Joint Research Ethics Committee. The experiment aimed to test and compare the cognitive abilities of those who had frontal lobe lesions to those who did not. The study involved four tests; two tests measured ability of recall, and two tests measured ability of recognition. The experimental group consisted…
Creation of False Memories Memory is usually defined as the ability to encode, store and retain certain pieces of information that we deem important and want to recall at some point. However according to certain psychologist your memories aren't always an accurate representation of what you once saw or experience. This phenomenon is known as false memory; this occurs when our brains try to recall events that may have happened and add certain pieces of information that never occurred.In the…
consciously knew what he was doing and was also doing it on his own free will without external forces influencing him. Although he was enraged he still recalls his actions. Referencing the literature if one can process, maintain, and recall those memories then one has their personal…
1 - LTO: Expressive Language: Steven Murphy will independently label pictures of common objects, actions, or people correctly with 80% accuracy over three consecutive therapy sessions. Rationale for LTO: Based on Steven’s CELF-2 subtest scores for expressive language, expressive vocabulary results were below normal limits and thus in the ninth percentile ranking. These scores proved expressive vocabulary to be an area of concern for expressive language and therefore, should be targeted in…