Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
like N, N-ish
easy to V, tend to V |
Nっぽい
Vstemっぽい |
|
|
Just as little as S1, S2
Even with the condition S1, S2 |
S1ぐらいでS２
S１ぐらいでは／ぐらいじゃS２(negative) |
|
|
Because of being N, no wonder S2
Since S1, no wonder S2 |
Nだけあって（さすがに）S２
S１だけあって（さすがに）S２ |
|
|
No matter how Modifier the N is, ...
No matter how V/Adj, ... |
いくら／どんなにModifier Nでも、...
いくら／どんなにV/Adj(て-form)も、... |
|
|
Seeing S1, it seems to be N/it seems that S2.
|
S1ところを見ると、Nのようだ。
S１ところを見ると、S２ようだ |
|
|
Just given S1, S2
|
S１だけでS２(positive)
S1だけでは／じゃS2(negative) |
|
|
If I see it, ...but (unexpectedly, rather) Y.
|
みたところ（では）Xだけど（案外、意外と、結構）Y
見た感じ（では）Xだが（案外、意外と、結構）Y |
|
|
Speaking of things like N, S2
Doing things like S1, S2 |
NなんてS２
S１なんてS２ |
|
|
Really having the characteristics of...
|
（いかにも）Nらしい
|
|
|
N1 is almost like N2
|
N１は（まるで）N２のようです。
N２みたいです。 |
|
|
There is no person/thing/event/place/etc. as Modifier as NP
|
NPほど／くらい／ぐらい Modifier 人／もの／こと／ところ／etc. はない。
|
|
|
Despite being N, S2
Although S1, S2 |
NのくせにS２
S１くせにS２ |
|
|
A V-ing mannter, a way of V-ing, how to V
|
Vstem方
|
|
|
To the extent that almost like S1, S2
|
S１ほど／くらい／ぐらいS２
|
|
|
Owing to N1/S1, S2 (POSITIVE)
Because of N1/S1, S2 (NEGATIVE) |
N１のおかげで／S１おかげでS２
N１のせいで／S１せいでS２ |
|
|
S, and (I) can't stand it; unbearably S; extremely S
|
S(て-form) たまらない／たまんない／しかた（が）ない／しょうがない
|
|
|
If S1, why don't you S2
|
S１なら、S２（V）たら／たらどう／たらどうですか。
|
|
|
It does not go well if it's the case that S1 > must not S1
|
S１わけにはいかない
|
|
|
There is no way that S1
|
S１わけ（が）ない
|
|
|
It is that (you)... (IMPERATIVE)
|
S１こと。N(action)のこと。
|
|
|
shows ~ experssion
looks~ |
〜顔をする
〜顔をしている |
|
|
experience the feeling that S1
|
S１思いをする
|
|
|
While being N (while S1 holds), S2
|
Nのうちに
S１うちにS２ |
|
|
...ness
being a little bit ... that average |
Adjectivial Noun+さ
Adjective Root+め |
|
|
Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verbs |
自動詞
他動詞 |
|
|
being rather... <- being on the ... side/direction
|
〜方
|
|
|
Before S1, S2
After S1, S2 After S1, S2 Until S1, S2 |
S1(Verbal, plain imperfect, affirmative) まえにS２
S1 (Verbal, plain perfect, affirmative) 後／後でS2. S1(Verbal, て-form, affirmative)からS2 (i.e. Vstem てから） S1 (Verbal, plain imperfect, affirmative) までS2 |
|
|
V, in the Adj/N way
|
Adjective Stem (i.e., the-く form) + V, or Nに＋V
|
|
|
V2 in the manner that V1 <- V1, and V2
|
V1てforms + V2
|
|
|
N that is already in the condition of V
|
V(Perfective, i.e., -た)+N
|
|
|
excessively Adj/V
|
Adjective Root/Adjectival-N/Vstem+すぎる
|
|
|
Honorific
Regular Pattern 1 Regular Pattern 2 Special Forms Short Pattern Short Pattern for Request |
尊敬語
おVstem+になる the same as passive forms (Very Frequently Used!) おVstem+だ／です おVstem＋下さい |
|
|
Humble
Regular Pattern Special Forms Super Polite |
謙譲語
おVstem＋する (Very Frequently Used!) 丁重後 |
|
|
should V/should not V
|
Verbべきです／べきじゃありません
|
|
|
Causative: make someone do something
|
Vneg-stemせる／させる
|
|
|
I let someone do something; someone lets me do something
|
Vneg-stemせて／させて＋あげる／ある／くれる／もらう
|
|
|
Passive
|
Vneg-stemれる／られる
|
|
|
Adversative Passive
|
迷惑の受身
|
|
|
Causative Passive: be forced to V
|
Vneg-stemされる／させられる
|
|
|
at least such thing as N
|
Nぐらい／くらい
|
|
|
It is that S(imperative) -> suggestion, general truth, exclamation; it used to S(perfective) -> looking back in the past
|
Sものだ
|
|
|
Various kinds of command forms:
NEGATIVE AFFIRMATIVE |
V-plain aff. + な; V-plain aff. + んじゃない
V-stem + なさい; V-plain aff. + んだ; え ろ しろ 来い |
|
|
It comes/continues to V \ It continues/gets to V
|
Verb(te-form)くる・いく
|
|
|
As the situation goes like S1, S2
|
S1につれて、S2
|
|
|
The more V/ADJ, S2
|
V/ADJ-ばV/ADJほど、S2
|
|
|
have to V, must v; no choice other than V
|
Vneg-stemざるを得ない
|
|
|
unavoidable; cannot be helped
|
やむを得ない
|
|
|
It comes to such a situation that S
|
S(verbal)ようになる
|
|
|
nothing but X Y(verb, adjectivial noun, etc.)
|
XしかYない
|
|
|
If S1, S2; Supposing that S1, S2
|
S1としたら、S2
|
|
|
Even if S1, S2; Granted that S1, S2
|
S1としても、S2
|
|
|
Just because S1, S2
Saying that it is because S1, S2 |
S1からといって、S2
|
|
|
not only X, but also Y~
|
Xだけでは（だけじゃ）なくてYも～
|
|
|
It is not always the case that N1
|
S1わけではない（じゃない）
S1という訳ではない（じゃない） |
|
|
Even with the condition S1, S2
|
S1(て-form)でもS2
|
|
|
Going up to S1, S2; S1 is too much, so S2
|
S1(て-form)までS2
|
|
|
It would have been better if S1
|
S1(V/ADJprovisional, ie., ~ば・れば）よかった
|
|
|
(I) hope/wish S1
|
S1ないかな
|
|
|
It does not seem to V
|
Vstemそうにない
|
|
|
N2/S2 towards/against N1
|
N1に対するN2；Nに対してS2
|
|
|
N2/S2 as being N1
|
N1としてのN2;N1としてS2
|
|
|
N2/S for N1
|
N1にとってのN2；N1にとってS
|
|
|
S, and it was good/troublesome/etc.
|
S(て-form)よかった･大変だった・etc.
|
|
|
It would be better if S
|
S(V/ADJprovisional, i.e.~ば・～れば）いい
|
|
|
I want someone to V
|
V(て-form)もらいたい・欲しい。
|
