Zoology Chapter 9 Exam 2

Front 1

Syncytial Hypothesis

Back 1

One proposed mechanism for the evolution of multicellularity involves an ancestral multinucleate cell in which plasma membranes formed between nuclei, resulting in a multicellular organism.

Front 2

This group of animals does not possess embryological tissue layers.

Back 2

Poriferans

Front 3

Which of the following items is not found in sponges?

choanocytes, tissues, pinacocytes, porocytes, mesohyl

Back 3

Tissues

Front 4

Contractile pinacocytes that can regulate water circulation in some sponges are called...

Back 4

Porocytes

Front 5

Just underneath the pinacocyte layer of a sponge is a jellylike layer referred to as the...

Back 5

Mesohyl

Front 6

The collar of a choanocyte...

Back 6

Filters food from the water.

Front 7

The taxonomy of sponges is determined by...

Back 7

The material that composes the skeleton.

Front 8

The ___________ is the simplest, but least common body form of sponge.

Back 8

Ascon

Front 9

The porocytes of ascon sponges lead to the outside via opening called...

Back 9

Ostia

Front 10

The single large opening at the top of the spongocoel is the...

Back 10

Osculum

Front 11

________ sponges have incurrent canals formed by infoldings of the body wall.

Back 11

Sycon

Front 12

Sponges may gain nutrition by all of the following modes EXCEPT:

-Filtration
-Trapping of food items by the collar
-Active transport of nutrients
-Phagocytosis
-Active predation

Back 12

Active predation

Front 13

The unique adhesive cells of ctenophores are...

Back 13

Colloblasts

Front 14

The most complex sponge body form, the ___________, is characterized by multiple oscula and a complex canal system where choanocytes reside in small chambers.

Back 14

Leucon

Front 15

Excretion and gas exchange in sponges are accomplished by...

Back 15

Diffusion

Front 16

Which of the following would NOT be found in the body of a sponge?

Ameboid cells, Choanocytes, Pinacocytes, Spicules, Colloblasts

Back 16

Colloblasts

Front 17

Eggs and sperm of sponges are commonly formed from...

Back 17

Choanocytes

Front 18

Ctenophores move via bands of cilia called...

Back 18

Comb Rows

Front 19

Freshwater (and some marine) sponges form resistant structures which function in asexual reproduction, called...

Back 19

Gemmules

Front 20

Gemmules contain masses of ___________ which can survive freezing or drying.

Back 20

Amoeboid Cells

Front 21

Members of class _________ are those historically used as commercial sponges.

Back 21

Demospongiae

Front 22

Members of the phylum ___________ are characterized by radial (or biradial) symmetry, diploblastic organization, a gastrovascular cavity, and cnidocytes.

Back 22

Cnidaria

Front 23

What is not a characteristic of animals in the phylum Cnidaria?

Back 23

Bilateral symmetry in the adult form

Front 24

Members of the cnidarian class _________ never have a medusa stage.

Back 24

Anthozoa

Front 25

Cnidarians exchange respiratory gases and nitrogenous wastes via...

Back 25

Diffusion

Front 26

An intracellular structure made of a fluid-filled capsule holding a coiled, hollow tube is the....

Back 26

Nematocyst

Front 27

The _________ body form of cnidarian is typically asexual and sessile.

Back 27

Polyp

Front 28

The ________ body form of a cnidarian is typically dioecious and motile.

Back 28

Medusa

Front 29

Cnidarians possess a __________ skeleton.

Back 29

Fluid based

Front 30

The _____________ cavity of cnidarians serves in digestion and as a site for exchange of respirtory gases and wastes.

Back 30

Gastrovascular Cavity

Front 31

The free swimming larva of cnidarians is the....

Back 31

Planula

Front 32

The feeding polyps of an Obelia colony are called...

Back 32

Gastrozooids

Front 33

The Portuguese man-of-war is a colonial....

Back 33

Hydrozoan

Front 34

Nerve cells of animals in this phylum are considered by many biologists to the most primitive nervous elements in the animal kingdom.

Back 34

Cnidaria

Front 35

Members of the cnidarians class include the sea anemones and coral.

Back 35

Anthozoa

Front 36

Sensory structures located in 8 notches around the bell of jellyfish medusae are....

Back 36

Rhopalia

Front 37

Until very recently, this class of Cnidarians was included within the class Scyphozoa.

Back 37

Staurozoa

Front 38

The main source of nutrient carbohydrates in coral come from...

Back 38

Zooxanthellae

Front 39

Members of the phylum Ctenophora are commonly called...

Back 39

Comb jellies