Year 9 Chemistry

Front 1

Giant covalent structure features

Back 1

High melting point or boiling boiling, hard to melt due to many strong covalent bonds, hard, do not dissolve, don’t conduct electricity except graphite

Front 2

Gases and liquids move because

Back 2

They are warmer and have more kinetic energy and because temperature vibrations due to changing state overcomes attraction forces which become weaker and particles move around, gases move around faster because they are warmer

Front 3

Diffusion

Back 3

Spreading out of particles in a gas or liquid from high to low concentration to evenly fill a container

Front 4

Reaction time in diffusion

Back 4

Gas particles bump into tube edge and other same gas particles

Front 5

Non-metals

Back 5

Low melting and boiling points, tend to form negative ions, or colourless compounds, have acidic or neutral oxide, tend to be Brittle, not as shiny as metals, don’t usually conduct electricity, Poor conductors of heat

Front 6

Xenon uses

Back 6

Flashlights, lamps, lasers and General anaesthetic

Front 7

Group 1

Back 7

Alkaline metals all soft with low density and low melting and boiling points

Front 8

Lithium plus chlorine

Back 8

White powder

Front 9

Sodium plus chlorine

Back 9

White powder and bright yellow flame

Front 10

Metal plus water

Back 10

2metal + 2H2O —-> 2metalOH + H2

Front 11

Lithium plus water

Back 11

Floats, fizzes until it disappears

Front 12

Fluorine colour

Back 12

Pale yellow

Front 13

Iron plus chlorine

Back 13

3Cl2+2Fe —->2FeCl3

Front 14

Hydrogen in air

Back 14

Reacts Explosively with oxygen to form water

Front 15

Hydrogen chloride test

Back 15

Damp blue litmus paper goes red

Front 16

Bronsted-Lowry Theory

Back 16

Acid is a proton donor, base is a proton acceptor

Front 17

Cl2 + Iron oxidation

Back 17

Iron loses electrons so is oxidised, chlorine gains electrons and is reduced

Front 18

Chlorine water plus sodium bromide

Back 18

NaCl yellow

Front 19

Potassium iodide and bromine water

Back 19

Potassium bromide dark brown

Front 20

Ionic substances

Back 20

High melting and boiling points, hard and brittle crystals dissolve, conduct when molten or dissolved, strong electrostatic forces

Front 21

Sodium hydroxide green precipitate

Back 21

Fe2+

Front 22

Sodium hydroxide red brown precipitate

Back 22

Fe3+