Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Homologous Chromosomes |
A couple of homologous chromosomes are a set of one maternaland one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside acell during meiosis. |
|
|
Synapsis |
Synapsis (alsocalled syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occursduring meiosis. It allows matching-up of homologous pairs prior to theirsegregation, and possible chromosomal crossover between them. Synapsis takes placeduring prophase I of meiosis. |
|
|
Chiasmata |
A point at which paired chromosomes remain incontact during the first metaphase of meiosis, and at which crossing over andexchange of genetic material occur between the strands. |
|
|
Recombination |
The rearrangement of genetic material,especially by crossing over in chromosomes or by the artificial joining ofsegments of DNA from different organisms. |
|
|
Mutation |
The changing of the structure of a gene,resulting in a variant form which may be transmitted to subsequent generations,caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion,insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes. |
|
|
Allele |
An allele is one of a pair of genes that appearat a particular location on a particular chromosome and control the samecharacteristic, such as blood type or colorblindness. |
|
|
Genotype |
The genetic constitution of an individualorganism. |
|
|
Phenotype |
The set of observable characteristics of anindividual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
|
|
Chromatid |
Each of the two thread-like strands into whicha chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains adouble helix of DNA. |
|
|
Locus |
The location of a gene (or of a significant sequence) on a chromosome or on a linkage map. |
|
|
Gene |
Genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes. Genes exist in alternative forms called alleles. |
|
|
Chromatin |
Mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. |
