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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
when addressing elbow, wrist, forearm or hand, you should always address:
1. 2. 3. |
1. thoracic outlet
2. shoulder 3. clavicle |
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identify the labeled structures:
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(see figure)
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identify the labeled structures:
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(see figure)
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the axillary artery turns into ... artery that divides into ... and ... arteries
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brachial
radial ulnar |
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the ... artery turns into the brachial artery that then divides into radial and ulnar arteries
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axillary
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the ... artery feeds the deep palmar arch and the ... feeds the superficial palmar arch
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radial
ulnar |
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the ... arch is feed by the radial artery and the ... arch is feed by the ulnar artery
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deep palmar
superficial palmar |
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Posterior cord of the brachial plexus gives ... nerve
Medial and lateral cords give ... nerve Medial cord gives ... nerve |
radial
median ulnar |
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identify the labeled structure
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(see figure)
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the elbow is 1 joint cavity with 2 distinct functions:
1. 2. |
1. Flexion/extension
2. Supination/pronation |
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the 4 joints in the elbow cavity are:
1. 2. 3. 4. |
1. Ulnohumeral Joint
2. Radiohumeral Joint 3. Radioulnar Joint 4. Interosseous membrane |
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what is the function of the radial collateral ligament:
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stabilize radius to humerus
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what is the function of the ulnar collateral ligament:
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stabilize ulna to humerus
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what is the function of the annular ligament of the radius:
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stabilize over head of radius
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what determines the carrying angle:
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angle of trochlea
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Any shift of (radius/ulna) will significantly impact elbow function
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ulna
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describe the carrying angle for a and b:
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a. Cubitus Valgus
Ulna ABduction increased carrying angle b. Cubitus Varus Ulna ADduction decreased carrying angle |
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Head of radius rotates in the radioulnar joint allowing ... and ...
Radius will “radiate” around ulna during pronation |
pronation
supination |
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Annular ligament important for stabilizing proximal ... joint and stabilizing radius on ...
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radioulnar
humerus |
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Radial head moves ... in extension and ... with flexion of elbow
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anteriorly
posteriorly |
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Radial head moves ... with pronation
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posteriorly
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Radial head moves ... with supination
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anteriorly
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when you fall on pronated arm, this is a mechanism for ... somatic dysfunction
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posterior radial head
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when you fall on supinated arm, this is a mechanism for ... somatic dysfunction
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anterior radial head
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what does this describe:
radial head slips under annular ligament |
Nursemaid’s Elbow
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how would you treat nursemaid's elbow:
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Hold in pronation with extension, then SUPINATE and FLEX forearm
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what is the function of the interosseous membrane:
1. 2. |
1. bind radius and ulna together
2. Gives stability to distal radius |
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in the ... force is shifted from one bone to the other so that both bones are impacted
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Interosseous Membrane
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what kind of motion does the Interosseous Membrane have:
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parallelogram
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what is a Galeazzi fracture:
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Radial shaft fracture with associated dislocation of distal radioulnar joint (dislocation is at wrist)
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what is a Monteggia fracture:
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Ulnar fracture with dislocation of proximal radioulnar joint (dislocation is at elbow)
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what does the pneumonic MUGR stand for:
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Monteggia- fractured Ulna
Galeazzi-fractured Radius |
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... nerve passes through pronator teres and it is composed of what spinal nerves:
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median
C5-T1 |
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Median Nerve Syndromes include:
1. 2. 3. |
1. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
2. Pronator Syndrome 3. Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy |
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what are the symptoms of Pronator Syndrome:
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Pain on volar surface of forearm after prolonged pronation
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what are the symptoms of Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy
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Weakness of index finger flexion
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what are the symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:
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pain in hand especially the thumb and the index and middle fingers
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the radial nerve is a continuation of ... of brachial plexus and innervates triceps then travels along spiral groove of humerus to innervate the ... of hand and give sensation to ...
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posterior chord
extensors dorsal surface of hand |
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Radial nerve dives into ... muscle through fascia before supplying ... extensors. compression is common at ... edge of supinator muscle. Posterior interosseous nerve, a branch of the ..., enters extensor compartment
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supinator
wrist/finger proximal radial nerve |
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a humerus fracture can injure the ... nerve
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radial
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identify the labeled structures:
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(see figure)
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the ulnar nerve comes from what spinal nerves
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C8-T1
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what does the following describe:
Numbness and pain to medial hand May progress to claw hand |
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
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what are the causes of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome:
1. 2. 3. |
1. Frequent bending of elbow
2. Constant direct pressure on elbow 3. Direct blow to cubital tunnel Compression by mm spasm |
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what type of epicondylitis is depicted in each figure?
1. medial epicondylitis is also known as ... 2. lateral epicondylitis is also known as ... |
(see figure)
1. golfer's elbow 2. tennis elbow |
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what does this describe:
Inflammation of bursa overlying olecranon process Caused by cumulative trauma, or isolated contusion May be nontender chronic edema |
Olecranon Bursitis
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identify the labeled joint:
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(see figure)
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identify the type of movement (what kind of flexion and whether it is abduction or adduction)
and how many degrees of movement is there: |
(see figure)
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how many degrees of wrist flexion and wrist extension is typical:
flexion = extension = |
85
45 |
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decreased carrying angle will limit wrist (AB/AD)-duction
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AD-duction
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hand pain can come from:
Arthritis, ganglion cysts, trigger finger, tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel sd, contractures of fascia, mallet finger the treatment is to address ... and ... integrity, ... alignment |
bony
ligamentous fascial |
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Increased carrying angle (AB-ducted ulna) will limit wrist (AB/AD)-duction
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AB-duction
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when treating hand pain, you should also consider:
1. 2. 3. 4. |
1. neck
2. shoulder 3. elbow 4. wrist |