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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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b.
otitis media |
identify the middle ear infection?
what is the medical term for this? |
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1. frontal
3. sphenoid 9. temporal 10. occipital 11. parietal |
identify bones number:
1. 3. 9. 10 11. |
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identify the mastoid process:
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mastoid process
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identify the labeled structures:
a. b. c. d. e. |
a. malleus
b. incus c. stapes d. semicircular canals e. facial nerve |
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identify the labeled structures:
a. b. c. d. e. f. |
a. tympanic membrane
b. jugular vein c. eustachian tube d. cochlea e. carotid artery f. cochleovestibular nerve |
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identify the labeled structures:
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. |
a. triangular fossa
b. scapha c. helix d. antihelix e. lobule f. antitragus g. tragus |
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there are 6 walls to the inner ear but the most important are the following 4:
1. 2. 3. 4. |
1. Lateral: tympanic membrane
2. Medial: oval window 3. Anterior: pharyngotympanic (eustachian)tube 4. Posterior: opening to mastoid air cells |
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the middle ear is filled with ...
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air
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the contents of the middle ear are the ... and the muscles.
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ossicles
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name the 3 ossicles of the middle ear:
1. 2. 3. |
malleus
incus stapes |
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name the muscles of the middle ear:
1. 2. |
tensor tympani
stapedius |
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what are the functions of the muscles in the middle ear?
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reduce the vibrations of malleus & stapes to prevent damage to the internal ear
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identify the labeled structures:
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. |
a. malleus
b. anvil c. stapes d. oval window e. tympanic membrane f. tendon of tensor tympani g. stapedus tendon |
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eustachian tube connects middle ear with ...
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nasopharynx
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what is the function of the eustachian tube?
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pressure equalization in middle ear
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if you have less pressure on eardrum, (flying), then need to equalize pressure inside by opening tube to let air ... by ...
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out
yawning |
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the eustachian tube is also know as the ...
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pharyngotympanic Tube
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to equalize pressure increases outside of eardrum you would need to ...
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holding nose closed and “blowing” air up into middle ear
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the bony labyrinth is located in the ...
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inner ear
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the bony labyrinth is in a cavity in the ... of the ... bone
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petrous part
temporal |
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the bony labyrinth contains a fluid called ...
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perilymph
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name the 3 parts to the bony labyrinth:
1. 2. 3. |
1. Cochlea: cochlear duct
2. Vestibule: utricle and saccule 3. Semicircular canals: semicircular ducts |
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identify the labeled structures:
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. |
a. perilymph
b. endolymph c. semicircular duct d. vestibule e. cochlea f. cochlear duct g. round window h. oval window i. ampullae |
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the membranous labyrinth is located in the ... and is filled with ...
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inner ear
endolymph |
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the membranous labyrinth is composed of ... and ... suspended within the ...
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communicating sacs
ducts bony labyrinth |
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name the 3 parts of the membranous labyrinth and their function:
1. 2. 3. |
1. Cochlear: hearing
2. Vestibular: position of head at rest 3. Semicircular: changes in head position |
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in the conduction of sound, sound waves travel into the ... and vibrate the ... that in turn vibrates the ... vibration of the ... initiates “waves” in fluid of inner ear (cochlea) the waves travel up and around within the ... and back down to ...
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external ear
tympanic membrane ossicles stapes cochlea round window |
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saccule and utricle are at right angles to each other
and respond to ... when head is at rest |
gravity
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there are 3 ... all at right angles to each other lying
in all 3 planes. they respond to changes in ... i.e. ... and ... |
semicircular canals
position acceleration deceleration |
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the nerve responsible for transmission of hearing and balance is cranial nerve ... the ... nerve
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VIII
vestibulocochlear |
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cranial nerve 8 passes through the temporal bone to the ...
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brainstem
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CN8 has two parts, what are they and what is their function:
1. 2. |
Cochlear division: hearing
Vestibular division: balance |
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what other cranial nerve lies next to CN8 ...
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CN7 - facial nerve
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Acoustic neuromas are benign and arise from ... the grow slowly and expand compressing the ... causing CN dysfunction
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CNVIII
brainstem |
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what losses are expected with acoustic neromas:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. |
hearing loss one ear
ringing imbalance weakness of facial muscles loss of taste less salivation |
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what is conductive hearing loss?
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when the conduction of sound is impared
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name 3 examples of conductive hearing loss:
1. 2. 3. |
wax
middle ear infections otosclerosis (growth of spongy bone in the inner ear) |
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what causes sensorineural hearing loss?
1. 2. |
loss of hair cells
lesion of VIII |
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what is presbycusis?
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progressive loss of hair cells at base of cochlea
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what is Meniere’s Disease?
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increase in endolymph; the patient suffers also from tinnitus and/or vertigo
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how do you perform a weber's test?
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place the tuning fork behind the person's head
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what is considered an abnormal weber test?
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hear better in one ear
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if there is a sensory loss in one ear, what ear hears better in the weber test?
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healthy ear
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if there is a conductive loss in one ear, what ear hears better in the weber test?
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in ear with conductive loss
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to identify whether hearing loss is conductive or sensory, what do you need to do in conjunction with the weber test?
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rinne test
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how do you perform the rinne test?
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put the tunning fork near each ear
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if you have an abnormal weber test and hear better in the right ear, then do the rinne test and hear better in the left ear, what kind of loss is it?
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conductive
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if you have an abnormal weber test and hear better in the left ear, and do a rinne test and hear better in the left ear also, what kind of loss do you have?
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sensory
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