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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nationalism
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a belief that a specific nation language, or culture is superior.
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Militarism
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the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capacity.
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Balance of Power
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a situation in which the strength of tribal alliance is nearly equal.
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Triple Alliance
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when Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed an alliance.
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Triple Entente
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when Britain, France, and Russia formed and alliance.
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Franz Ferdinand
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Arch Duke to the throne of Austria-Hungary while visiting Bosnia and Herzegovina he and his wife were shot.
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Nicholas II
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Russian Czar who hesitated to mobilize his troops.
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Mobilize
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to move troops and order to be active in war.
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Central Powers
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Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and The Ottoman Empire.
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Allied powers
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Britain, France, and Russia. Italy was also a member during WWI.
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Wilhelm II
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the ruler of Germany. He also thought the war would be short.
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Schlieffen Plan
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German plan to attack fast on Belgium and then France.
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First Battle of the Marne
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an attack against France by Germans but a counterattack forced the Germans to retreat.
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Western Front
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the area where France and Germany's conflicts occurred.
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Trench Warfare
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a fighting technique where armies fought in deep trenches to defend positions.
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No-man's Land
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the area between opposing trenches.
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U-boat
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Germany's area between opposing trenches, short for unterseeboat.
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Stalemate
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a situation where neither side can win a clear victory.
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Neutrality
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not fighting or allying with either side.
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Lusitania
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a British ship that was sunken by a German U-boats of the coast of Ireland and killed passengers some of which Americans.
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Sussex pledge
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pledge stating that Germans will not sink vessels without warning and without saving human lives.
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"Peace without victory"
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Wilson wanted the Allies to declare peace without either side winning.
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Author Zimmerman
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German foreign secretary who proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany against the US.
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Zimmerman Note
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a letter to Mexico offering to help give them New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas if they ally with Germany.
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Committee on Public Information
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created by Wilson to raise public support for war effort.
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George Creel
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head of CPI (Committee on Public Information), used rallies, parades, posters,and pamphlets to premote war effort. Even recruited movie starts to entertain troops.
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Espionage Act of 1917
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punished people for aiding the enemy and refusing military duty.
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Sedition Act of 1918
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made it illegal for Americans to speak disloyally of the US government.
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Selective Service Act
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required men from 21-30 to enlist in army.
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Liberty Bonds
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money from sale of bonds provided loans to the Allies allowing them to buy food and war supplies.
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War Industries Board
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set oversea production of distribution goods made by countries' war industries.
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Bernard Baruch
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head of WIB (War Industries Board) said NO steel, copper, cement, rubber, or basic materials can be used without our approval.
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National War Labor Board
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created in April 1918 settled disputes between workers and management, to prevent riots and strikes.
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American Expeditionary Force
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a large force of volunteers and drafts as well as solders from the regular army and the national guard. used tench warfare.
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Bolshevik Revolution
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in November 1917, Bolsheviks took control of the Russian government.
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Communists
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seek equal distribution of wealth and to end all forms of private property.
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
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signed in March 1918 a peace agreement between Russia and Central Powers.
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Battle at the Somme River
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Germans attacked March 21 in France, 2 days later they bombarded France 75 miles away, Germany lost 250,000 troops, April 9th second offensive (near Belgium) British stopped Germans after 20 days of combat there was 110,000 casualties.
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Battle at Chateau-Thierry
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2 divisions of the AEF (American Expeditionary Force) and French Army stropped German advance on the town of Chateau-Thierry 50 miles within Paris.
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Battle at Belleau Wood
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2 divisions of the AEF (American Expeditionary Force) and French Army gradually push back German troops in Belleau Wood
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Second Battle of the Marne
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July 1918 1 million US troops, and the military of France. In Mid July Germans make a last desperate offence and both sides suffer heavy casualties, Germans fail and can't't attack again.
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Armistice
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the truce that ended the fighting between the Allies and the Central Powers during WWI on November 8 1918.
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Wilson's Fourteen Points
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Wilson's plan to avoid future wars that involved 14 basic ideas.
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Self-Determination
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the right of people to decide their own political status.
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League of Nations
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a congress of nations formed to settle international disputes and maintain peace and collective seciritsy
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Paris Peace Conference
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a peace conference on December 13 1918 between Wilson, George, Clemenceau, and Lodge.
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Woodrow Wilson
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US president who wanted peace and democracy as in the 14 points.
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David Lloyd George
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British prime minister who wanted to keep British empire together and protect its interests.
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Georges Clemenceau
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French premier who wanted to hurt Germany so basely it could never harm France again.
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Reparations
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payment for damages and expenses caused by the war.
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Treaty of Versailles
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final peace settlement of WWI that included some self-determination, restored Poland and created Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania became free. Central Powers were to surrender colonies to the Allies.
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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A US Republican Senate who lead a group of 39 Senators like himself and opposed the League of Nations, which was the main cause of the US being excluded from the League of Nations.
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