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964 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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isointense filling defect in LV along posterolateral wall on short axis
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papillary muscle
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cardiac MR: LV wall area with low T1 signal and delayed contrast enhancement =
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myocardial infarction
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40 yo female needs tricuspid and pulmonic valve replacement. Etiology?
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GI carcinoid with liver mets
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left-sided SVC drains into what?
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coronary sinus
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ebstein anomaly involves which valve
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tricuspid
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most common cause of cardiomegaly in the newborn
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VSD? (90% sure)
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native structure left in during orthotopic heart transplant
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posterior wall of LA
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28yo female with syncope, brother died suddenly, high T1 signal in RV wall. DX?
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RV arrhythmogenic dysplasia
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most common benign primary cardiac tumor
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myxoma (LA>>RA)
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what entity mimics constrictive pericarditis
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restrictive cardiomyopathy
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what will be enlarged with ASD
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pumonary artery
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likelihood of significant coronary stenosis with no coronary calcium?
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<15%
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which structure is not part of the endocardial cushion
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infundibular septum
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conus septum associated with what structures
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tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, aortic valve, right coronary cusp (try pulling our cusp)
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most commonly associated with atrial dilatation
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a fib
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most common cardiac anomaly seen on four chamber view
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endocardial cushion defect
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where is the moderator band?
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RV
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what is done in the jantene procedure
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PA and aorta are switched
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VSD repair patch are on which side?
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RV (low-pressure side)
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what does the taussig-blalock shunt connect?
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subclavian artery and ipsilateral pulmonary artery
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second most common true vascular ring?
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right arch with aberrant left subclavian artery
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most common true vascular ring?
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double arch
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dome-shaped aortic valve most likely represents:
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bicuspid aortic valve
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most sensitive test for cardiac viability?
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fdg-pet
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most common complication of false cardiac aneurysm
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rupture
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etiology of myocardial ischemia in ALCAPA
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steal phenomenon
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most common congenital heart disease?
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VSD (bicuspid aortic valve was also listed but is not typically thought of as heart disease)
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cine gated images used a modified bernoulli equation to measure
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pressure
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MR sequence to calculate EF
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gradient echo cine
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delayed imaging demonstrates a small central nonenhancing area surrounded by enhancing myocardium. What is the nonenhancing area
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nonviable myocardium
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increased EF in
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aortic regurgitation (IHSS if it is an option)
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posterolateral wall infarction. Lesion is where?
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left circumflex
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best plane to see tricuspid and mitral valves?
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horizontal long axis
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five day old with normal size heart with increased pulmonary vasculature
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infracardiac TAPVR
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ideal tip position of intraaortic balloon pump
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just distal to great vessel take off
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best flow sequence for cardiac MR
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gradient echo
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calculate EF given EDV of 80mL and ESV of 60mL
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25%
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chance of having CAD if negative coronary calcium
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<15%
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bilateral CCA tardus parvus waveform.
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aortic stenosis
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earliest area of cardiac ischemia
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subendocardial
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when do you image with IR for delayed gadolinium Cardiac MR
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10 minutes
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medication given to reduce motion artifact on coronary CTA
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metoprolol
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associated with aortic coarctation
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bicuspid aortic valve
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true LV aneurysm is at
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left vetricular apex
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what cannot cause signal void on 3D TOF contrast enhanced MRI
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slow flow
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aortic stenosis presents with what jet
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systolic
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least likely to occur in a long-term smoker
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extrinsic allergic alveolitis -- AKA hypersensitivity pneumonitis
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most common germ cell tumor involving the mediastinum
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teratoma (not immature) OR seminoma
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associated with juxtaductal coarctation
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turner's
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pectus excavatum mimics:
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RML consolidation
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drug most likely to cause bilateral hilar LAD?
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dilantin/phenytoin
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Pericarditis --What is associated with pericardial tamponade
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RV dysfunction (flattening of free wall)
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non-dominant RCA with stent, now with new ischemia in posterior wall
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left circumflex
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normal RA structure may simulate a mass?
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crista terminalis
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most likely cause of an ascending aortic aneurysm
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cystic medial necrosis
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most likely cause of a descending aortic aneurysm
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atherosclerotic dz
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not associated with endocardial cushion defect
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ostium secundum ASD
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sinus venosus defect associated with
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PAPVR
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cause of coronary sinus defect
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left-sided SVC
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LUL lucency with density along left hilum/mediastinum
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bronchial atresia
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which neonatal lesion is most likely to be air-filled
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CCAM
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increased cardiac output (& EF) in which valvular disorder
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aortic insuffuciency
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nml pco2 and o2 sat which does not correct on 100% O2
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right to left shunt
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location of pulmonary valve wrt aortic valve
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superior, anterior, left (SLA=P)
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capillary wedge pressure in pulmonary edema
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20-25mmHg
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embolic agent for pulmonary AVM
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coil
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Nodal stage for primary lung CA with mets to supraclavicular node
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N3
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right heart valve problems--etiology?
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carcinoid with mets to the liver--serotonin syndrome
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increased T1 signal of free wall of right ventricle
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fatty infiltration from arrythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
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Vital capacity definiftion
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air that can be forcefully exhaled after complete inhalation
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idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis first affects
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alveolar wall
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why the need to stop taking glucophage following CECT
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in the event of renal damage, high risk of lactic acidosis
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valve abnormality in ebstein's anomaly
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tricuspid valve
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not associated with pulmonary HTN
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pulmonary AVM
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10yo 2 years s/p bone marrow transplant with RLL opacity and adjacent chest wall mass
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actinomycosis
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SOB s/p bone marrow transplant: next step?
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exp/insp high res chest ct
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most likely manifestation of thymic carcinoid
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cushing's syndrome
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best example of sternal dehiscence
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Lateral Displacement of the Sternal Wire
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least likely chest lesion to have calcification
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langerhan's cell histiocytosis???? this question is suspected to be a poor recall...
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least likely lesion to have calcified hilar lymph nodes
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LAM
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condition associated with tracheal cartilages that form a complete ring
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pulmonary artery sling (aberrant left pulmonary artery)
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not an indication for FDG-PET
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small cell lung CA
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least likely to present with nodular metastases in the chest
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prostate? (maybe ovarian-look it up)
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most common mediastinal mass in a 6 to 12-year old
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lymphoma
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why is digital radiography superior to film
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wider density latitude
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re: chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
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F>M; rapidly responds to therapy (maybe frequently relapses?)
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4cm peripheral lung mass and ipsilateral mediastinal LAD. Stage?
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T2N2M0
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elderly lady with RML/Lingular bronchiectasis and scattered nodules
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MAC
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mediastinoscopy cannot sample which nodes (3)
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prevascular, AP window, posterior subcarinal
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on PFT: max insp to max exp expels what volume
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vital capacity
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what dz increases functional reserve capacity
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emphysema
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most sensitive finding for aortic injury on CXR
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mediastinal widening
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isolated RUL pulmonary edema =
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mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
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seen in RUL collapse
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posterior RML is hyperexpanded, maybe juxtaphrenic peak or HD elevations???)
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most helpful to determine the etiology of a mosaic pattern seen on high resolution CT
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high resolution CT in expiration
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ETT moves what way when neck is flexed?
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tip moves caudally
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not associated with pulmonary hypertension
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pulmonary AVM
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alveoli develop fully by what age
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8 years
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35 year-old male develops sudden onset flu-like illness with extrinsic bulbous mediastinal lymphadenopathy
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inhalational anthrax
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least likely to involve apices
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alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
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best sign of a pneumothorax on supine chest X-Ray
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deep sulcus sign
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least likely complication of percutaneous lung mass biopsy
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seeding of the tract
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false regarding pulmonary embolism
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clinical triad of cough, pain, hemoptysis is present in majority of cases
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child s/p BMT with 3cm upper lobe mass
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invasive aspergillus
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kerley b lines and interstitial edema NOT seen in what CHD?
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tetrology of Fallot, Ebstein's??
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interstitial lung disease on HRCT
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honeycombing
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lung nodule on CT goes to PET imaging, which of the following is true
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sarcoid will show increased activity
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most common presentation of bronchoalveolar carcinoma
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solitary pulmonary nodule
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child 2 weeks s/p BMT with multiple lung nodules with GG halo
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fungus (invasive aspergillus)
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AIDS pt with central pulmonary opacities which are NOT hot on Gallium imaging
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kaposi's
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sudden onset SOB in a pt with lung CA
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pulmonary embolus (malignant effusion if PE not a choice?)
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male with V and Y shaped branching opacification near the neriphery of the lung. Dx?
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bronchiolitis
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multiple pleural opacities adjacent to rib fractures. Next study?
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tagged RBC
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azygous vein enters the SVC where and from what direction
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posterior entrance just above the right mainstem bronchus
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nodes not accessible by cervical mediastinoscopy
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AP window
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pressure needed to diagnose PAH
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25mm Hg
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increased lung capacity seen in
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EG
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disease most likely to recur in a transplant lung?
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sarcoid
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which disease is not upper lobe predominant
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asbestosis
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which dz cannot cause crazy paving
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pulmonary edema
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treatment for hemoptysis post needle lung biposy
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biopsy side down
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left side of the snowman head is made up by the
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left vertical vein
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most common cause of pneumomediastinum
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alveolar rupture
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mechanism of miliary TB
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bacteremia
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long-standing HTN with adrenal lesion that drops out on out-of-phase imaging, most likely:
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adenoma with essential HTN
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T2 low signal in liver and pancreas =
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hemochromatosis (primary if pancreas involved and normal signal/enlarged spleen)
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MR cycles at 200 cm/sec, you would see aliasing at what blood flow velocity?
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300cm/s (nyquist frequency)
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how do you stop aliasing?
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increase PRF
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T1 bright in basal ganglia caused by all except:
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leigh's disease
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VHL not associated with:
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AML
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not seen with testicular torsion?
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microlithiasis
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not seen with autoimmune pancreatitis?
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dilated pancreatic duct, severe acute pain (usually long-standing and mild abd pain)
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etiology of ulcers not associated with H. Pylori
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zollinger ellison
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which mimics endometriosis on the small bowel on UGI?
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intraperitoneal metastases
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regarding enteric duplication cysts:
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the muscle layer is hypoechoic compared to mucosa
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regarding neurenteric cysts:
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anterior vertebral cleft with T2 hyperintense mass anterior to thoracic spinal cord
|
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MELD score for liver failure uses: (3)
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Cr, INR, bili
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not associated with budd-chiari
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chronic viral hepatitis
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most common cause of free intraperitoneal air
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perf'd duodenal ulcer
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cancer in the pancreaticoduodenal region which is not hypervascular
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adenocarcinoma
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post transplant lymphoproliferative d/o, which site is most commonly involved
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small bowel
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Cancer not assoc. with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome
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breast
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pseudocirrhosis associated with?
|
breast cancer mets
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most common location of gastric tic?
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posterior wall of fundus
|
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most common form of choledochal cyst?
|
fusiform dilatation of extrahepatic ducts
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where are cowper's glands?
|
within UG diaphragm at level of membranous urethra
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where do cowper's glands empty?
|
into posterior bulbous urethra
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|
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nonenhancing 75HU filling defect in GU tract?
|
blood clot
|
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hypoperfusion syndrome least likely to show…
|
unenhanced bowel loops
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giardia does not typically affect the…
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terminal ileum
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direction of main PV flow s/p TIPS?
|
hepatopedal
|
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most common met to testicle?
|
lymphoma
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nodal mets in seminoma?
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paracaval/paraaortic
|
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biliary dilatation s/p liver transplant =
|
hepatic artery thrombosis
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not associated with bladder calcifications?
|
malakoplakia
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most common site of extra-adrenal pheo
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organ of zuckerkandl
|
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most worrisome feature of a renal cyst =
|
enhancement
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young person with bilaterally enlarged kidneys =
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HIV nephropathy
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risk factor for ureteral CA
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bladder ca
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renal tumor associated with sickle cell dz
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medullary renal
|
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syndrome not associated with renal cysts
|
NF-1
|
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absolute contraindication to TIPS
|
RHF
|
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islet cell tumors associated with
|
VHL
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Neutropenic colitis can be differentiated from other inflammatory bowel diseases by
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immunocompromised state
|
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delayed CT liver images obtained to detect
|
cholangioCA
|
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in utero pevliinfundibular atresia associated with
|
MCDK
|
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post-menopausal ovarian cyst…
|
<5cm with no septations is usually benign
|
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ARPCKD associated with
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hepatic fibrosis
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what stimulates the juxta-glomerular apparatus
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hypotension
|
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adenomyosis on MR:
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focal high t2 in myometrium??
|
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MR for LE claudication
|
postcontrast with runoff
|
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"patient with sudden onset of marked hemoptysis, the initial study should be"
|
endoscopy
|
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round atelectasis often associated with recent:
|
pleural effusion
|
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most common cause of multiple <1cm polyps in fundus and body of stomach
|
hyperplastic/inflammatory
|
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lesion most likely to involve the proximal small bowel
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adenocarcinoma
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14 yo Asian child has upper GI bleeding, esophageal varices, elevated portal venous pressure, and normal liver enzymes
|
schistosomiasis
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re: cirrhotic liver morphology
|
caudate lobe is large, not shrunken
|
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dilated CBD in a liver transplant =
|
hepatic artery thrombosis
|
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what causes the high density of an epidermoid cyst in the spleen
|
protein
|
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re: ligamentum teres
|
represents the obliterated umbilical vein
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round ligament of the liver =
|
ligamentum teres
|
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2cm mass in the region of the descending colon that measures fat density, a rim of soft tissue density, and adjacent inflammatory stranding
|
epiploic appendagitis
|
|
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polypoid syndrome with nail findings
|
Cronkite-Canada syndrome
|
|
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re: giardia
|
may cause a malabsorption syndrome
|
|
|
most common met to the spleen
|
melanoma is most likely to met to the spleen, colon is the most common met to the spleen overall since it is a far more common primary
|
|
|
aneurysmal dilatation of small bowel =
|
lymphoma
|
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AIDS pt with multiple small mid-esophageal ulcers
|
herpes
|
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MALT lymphoma associated with what?
|
H. Pylori
|
|
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re: zenker's diverticulum
|
posterior midline on the lower pharynx
|
|
|
re: leiomyoma of stomach (GIST)
|
larger tumor may have cystic/necrotic changes
|
|
|
not part of the esophagus
|
serosa
|
|
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re: islet cell tumor of the pancreas
|
associated with VHL
|
|
|
re: GB carcinoma
|
seen in old women???
|
|
|
recommended screening age for colon cancer
|
50 if no risk factors
|
|
|
most common cause of colo-vesical fistula
|
diverticulitis
|
|
|
re: appendicitis
|
if you see an appendicolith, there is a 50% chance of ruptured appy
|
|
|
most common vessel in a mallory-weiss tear
|
left gastric artery
|
|
|
massive hematemesis and hypotension--first study?
|
endoscopy
|
|
|
re: pancreas divisum:
|
dorsal segment = minor papilla; recurrent pancreatitis in dorsal segment
|
|
|
stones in distal CBD during lap chole. Next step?
|
ercp with papillotomy and basket retrieval
|
|
|
re: hypotensive perfusion syndrome--what does not intensely enhance
|
spleen (is small and hypodense)
|
|
|
large trabeculated splenic mass with high t2 signal
|
epidermoid
|
|
|
meig's syndrome is associated with neoplasm?
|
ovarian fibroma
|
|
|
active agent in renovascular hypertension
|
angiotensin II
|
|
|
most vasoactive substance
|
angiotensin II
|
|
|
re: endometrial thickening
|
not seen in endometriosis
|
|
|
round 2cm mass in uterine submucosa, dark on T1 and T2
|
leiomyoma
|
|
|
most specific sign for adenomyosis?
|
cystic spaces in myometrium
|
|
|
extraperitoneal rupture of bladder associated with…
|
pelvic bone fractures
|
|
|
varicocele is less common on which side:
|
right
|
|
|
female, post-void dribbling, smoothly elevated bladder base
|
urethral diverticulum
|
|
|
seminal vesicle cyst associated with…
|
ipsilateral renal agenesis
|
|
|
bladder wall calcification not seen in
|
malakoplakia
|
|
|
best test for asherman syndrome
|
HSG
|
|
|
bilateral small kidneys associated with
|
medullary cystic kidney disease
|
|
|
re: acquired cystic kidney disease…
|
more cysts the longer you have been on dialysis
|
|
|
24yo female with simple 2cm ovarian cyst. f/u?
|
none
|
|
|
least likely primary in the setting of mets to ovary and peritoneum
|
renal???
|
|
|
persistent nephrogram on KUB and oliguria 2 days after IVP in a pt with hematuria.
|
contrast-induced renal failure
|
|
|
bilateral dense nephrogram on the day after a normal IVP, oliguria
|
contrast-induced renal failure
|
|
|
most common cause of unilateral delayed nephrogram on IVP
|
acute obstruction
|
|
|
most common GU complication of IBD
|
stones (oxalate)
|
|
|
most common cause of squamous cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis
|
chronic infected staghorn calculus
|
|
|
chronic obstruction secondary to stones now presents with mass in left renal pelvis
|
squamous cell carcinoma
|
|
|
salpingitis isthmica nodosa associated with (2)
|
endometriosis, PID (not listed as an answer, although hydrosalpinx was an answer, which can be related to PID)
|
|
|
what prevents V-U reflux in a normal patient
|
anatomy of the ureterovesical junction
|
|
|
risk factor for placenta accreta
|
prior c-section
|
|
|
iodinated contrast is excreted by the kidneys by what mechanism
|
mostly filtration, some excretion
|
|
|
re: prostate CA
|
PSA levels are higher for cancer than for BPH
|
|
|
renal mass most likely to appear as a cyst on US
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
25yo female with nephrotic syndrome, acute flank pain, hematuria, enlarged kidney, persistent nephrogram. Dx?
|
renal vein thrombosis
|
|
|
most common neoplasm of testicle
|
seminoma
|
|
|
on hemodialysis has hypercalcemia, microcytic anemia, osteopenia and no subperiosteal resorption most likely has
|
aluminum toxicity
|
|
|
re: acquired cystic kidney disease…how often is it bilateral?
|
almost always
|
|
|
conn's syndrome, adrenal adenoma NOT associated with…
|
increased renin secretion (actually suppresses renin secretion)
|
|
|
most likely cause of reversed diastolic flow in a transplant renal artery
|
renal vein thrombosis
|
|
|
most likely cause of a unilateral hypodense adrenal lesion on CT
|
adrenal adenoma
|
|
|
does not enhance in shock bowel
|
IVC? spleen? maybe two separate questions...
|
|
|
postmenopausal bleeding most likely caused by
|
atrophy
|
|
|
man with dysuria, stricture of penile urethra, and dilated glands of littre
|
prior gonococcal infection
|
|
|
re: bladder diverticula
|
schistosomiasis is not a cause
|
|
|
during a contrast enhanced CT, a patient complains of throat swelling and demonstrates inspiratory stridor and hoarseness. What should be done?
|
epinephrine
|
|
|
tardus et parvus waveform in renal artery =
|
proximal stenosis
|
|
|
normal umbilical cord has
|
two arteries, one vein
|
|
|
what does not cause endometrial hypertrophy
|
adenomyosis
|
|
|
10mm endometrial stripe in a post-menopausal woman with bleeding least likely to be from
|
endometrial atrophy
|
|
|
partial mole karyotype:
|
"triploid (one egg, two sperm)"
|
|
|
genetic syndrome associated with choroid plexus cysts?
|
trisomy 18
|
|
|
optimal time to image for nuchal lucency
|
11-14 weeks
|
|
|
presentation of stuck twin syndrome? (twin-to-twin transfusion)
|
diamniotic, monochorionic
|
|
|
abdominal circumference in fetal US--measured at what level?
|
umbilical vein/portal vein
|
|
|
least likely to show increased posterior through transmission
|
focal fatty infiltration
|
|
|
transducer for imaging superficial structures
|
linear array
|
|
|
in what valve dz do you see reversed diastolic flow in the carotids
|
aortic insufficiency/regurgitation
|
|
|
congenital heart defect best seen on 4 chamber view?
|
endocardial cushion (AV canal) defect
|
|
|
lesion which does not present as a polypoid lesion in the endometrial canal
|
adenomyosis
|
|
|
doppler evaluation of portal vein shows no flow. Before calling it, you should
|
change the doppler angle
|
|
|
best indicator of thyroid CA
|
punctate calcification
|
|
|
best US sign to distinguish mature teratoma from ovarian cystadenoma
|
markedly hyperechoic foci
|
|
|
expanding lateral ventricle on serial fetal US studies:
|
chiari II???
|
|
|
re: late onset IUGR
|
linked with placental insufficiency than early IUGR
|
|
|
which solid renal mass could be mistaken for a cyst
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
best way to distinguish HIV nephropathy from chronic kidney disease
|
size: bilaterally enlarged in HIV
|
|
|
most common cause of cortical nephrocalicinosis
|
chronic glomerulonephritis
|
|
|
bladder tics are not associated with
|
schistosomiasis
|
|
|
ovary with multiple tiny nonshadowing echogenic foci on US. Next step
|
benign-no follow up is needed
|
|
|
best sign of ovarian torsion
|
ovary enlarged
|
|
|
painless mass in a 60 year old that demonstrates decreased echogenicity and involves both the epididymis and testicle
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
best phase in which to detect renal cancers
|
nephrographic phase
|
|
|
ureteral calculus is associated with
|
tissue rim sign
|
|
|
woman with infertility on beta HCG for pregnancy induction, gets septated ovarian masses with ascites and pleural effusion
|
hyperstimulation syndrome
|
|
|
treatment for FMD of the mid right renal artery
|
angioplasty
|
|
|
adrenal adenoma criteria on non-con
|
<10HU
|
|
|
adrenal adenoma criteria post-con
|
>50% washout at 10 minutes
|
|
|
post-menopausal female with 4mm endometrial stripe and bleeding
|
endometrial atrophy
|
|
|
3cm polypoid mass in endometrial cavity dark on T1/T2
|
fibroid
|
|
|
deformed/enlarged endometrial cavity on HSG
|
fibroids
|
|
|
part of retrograde urethrogram technique
|
oblique spot films
|
|
|
common US finding in ARPCKD
|
echogenic kidneys
|
|
|
Wilm's tumor is not associated with…
|
hereditary aniridia (it is associated with sporadic aniridia)
|
|
|
strictures in male urethra post instrumentation occur at the
|
penoscrotal junction
|
|
|
absolute contraindication to HSG
|
acute PID
|
|
|
re: testicular epidermoid...
|
onion appearance (alternating bands of hypo/hyper on US)
|
|
|
renal lesion 64HU on pre, post and delayed CT images
|
hemorrhagic cyst
|
|
|
prostate CA with retroperitoneal mass encasing vessels (not displacing), dark on T1/T2
|
retroperitoneal fibrosis
|
|
|
aneuploidy associated with cystic hygroma
|
turners (XO)
|
|
|
fetal ultrasound shows 5mm nuchal translucency at 13 weeks, next step?
|
karyotype?
|
|
|
decrease aliasing on US by
|
increasing PRF
|
|
|
which structure is anisotropic on US
|
tendon
|
|
|
re: 1st trimester US
|
if CRL = 7mm, cardiac activity should be seen (>5mm)
|
|
|
liver lesion which is not hyperechoic
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
mesenteric structure which attaches to the anterior pancreas
|
transverse mesocolon
|
|
|
glycogen storage disease gives increased risk for…
|
hepatic adenoma
|
|
|
most specific sign for acute mesenteric ischemia
|
(best answer would be absence of bowel wall enhancement) given answer might be SMA occlusion
|
|
|
focal areas of low liver attenuation on non-con CT, normal vessels in this region
|
focal fatty infiltration
|
|
|
most likely to be seen with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
|
cirrhosis
|
|
|
3cm TI ulcer on mesenteric side with pseudosacculations on mesenteric side
|
crohn's
|
|
|
prognosis of rectal adenocarcinoma is based on
|
combination of tumor size, depth of invasion, and lymph node involvement
|
|
|
structure NOT adjacent to the caudate lobe
|
ligamentum teres
|
|
|
common finding in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
|
associated with atrophy of tail when cancer is in head of pancreas
|
|
|
MR findings of HCC
|
early arterial enhancment
|
|
|
re: gastric GIST tumors
|
(sub?)mucosal exophytic lesion?? (wrong if it says mucosal) maybe necrosis??
|
|
|
chance of a 1.5cm colon polyp being malignant
|
10%
|
|
|
NOT seen in hypoperfusion syndrome
|
periportal edema
|
|
|
outpouching off antero-lateral wall just beneath cricopharyngeus
|
killian-jamison tic
|
|
|
true re: whipple disease
|
low density lymph nodes on CT
|
|
|
most common site of extramedullary hematopoiesis
|
paraspinal
|
|
|
young patient with polycythemia vera and liver abnormalities. Biopsy shows necrosis
|
budd-chiari
|
|
|
which has the greatest effect on pancreatic secretions
|
CCK
|
|
|
false re: familial adenomatous polyposis
|
80% have gastric polyps
|
|
|
where is choroid plexus NOT found
|
frontal horns, lateral ventricles
|
|
|
the facial nerve does NOT
|
provide taste to the posterior 2/3 of tongue
|
|
|
most worrisome calcs in thyroid =
|
punctate calcs
|
|
|
true about craniopharyngiomas
|
most calcify
|
|
|
cranial nerve between PCA and SCA
|
oculomotor nerve (III)
|
|
|
find anterior choroidal artery on diagram of AP angio
|
last branch to arise from ICA
|
|
|
alzheimers:
|
most common cause of acquired degenerative brain disease
|
|
|
child with posterior fossa cystic mass and enhancing mural nodule
|
astrocytoma
|
|
|
does not contribute to spinal stenosis
|
dentate ligament
|
|
|
epidural hematoma cannot…
|
cross sutures
|
|
|
location of first branchial cleft cyst:
|
ear/parotid
|
|
|
location of second branchial cleft cyst:
|
angle of mandible
|
|
|
abnormal finding in huntington's disease
|
caudate nucleus atrophy
|
|
|
disk extrusion at L4-5 will affect what nerve level?
|
L5
|
|
|
IAC portion of CN7 should not
|
enhance (in IAC, larybinthine, or parotid segments is always abnormal)
|
|
|
re: MR spectroscopy
|
NAA is a normal product of neurons and axons, lactate when anaerobic, citrate can be high in normal prostate
|
|
|
what would you not expect to see 12 hours after a cerebral hemorrhage
|
parenchymal enhancement
|
|
|
true re: pituitary gland
|
enhances rapidly and vividly
|
|
|
schizencephalic cleft is lined with:
|
grey matter
|
|
|
most common cause of horner's in a 51yo female
|
ICA dissection
|
|
|
true RE: cricopharyngeus muscle
|
located below the mouth of the Zenker tic
|
|
|
40yo male w/ HA, confusion: non-enhancing medial temporal high T2 signal
|
herpes encephalitis
|
|
|
small cell CA and high t2 signal in temporal lobe
|
limbic encephalitis
|
|
|
hemiatrophy of left cerebral cortex, enlarged choroid plexus, dural enhancement, and subcortical nodules seen on MRI likely represents
|
sturge-weber
|
|
|
not seen in spontaneous intracranial hypotension
|
hydrocephalus
|
|
|
tuberous sclerosis is not associated with
|
sphenoid dysplasia
|
|
|
patient with horner's following a ski accident. Etiology?
|
cervical ICA dissection
|
|
|
best MR sequence for shear hemorrhage?
|
GRE
|
|
|
arterial supply of hippocampus
|
basilar/PCA
|
|
|
vessel which supplies hypothalamus?? maybe incorrect recall--another question asks about hippocampus...
|
anterior choroidal = posterior limb internal capsule; superior hypophyseal arteries = hypothalamus
|
|
|
schizencephaly defect is lined with
|
grey matter
|
|
|
re: glomus vagale
|
will displace ICA and IJV medially (& anterior)
|
|
|
facial paralysis with preserved taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue. Where is the lesion
|
parotid gland
|
|
|
midline facial cleft associated with
|
holoprosencephaly
|
|
|
re: orbital anatomy
|
ophthalmic vein is superior to ophthalmic artery
|
|
|
most common cause of drop metastasis
|
medulloblastoma
|
|
|
pregnant female with HA gets MRI of brain which shows increased T2 signal in the parieto-occipital lobes bilaterally
|
PRES
|
|
|
false re: juvenile angiofibroma
|
originates in pterygopalatine fossa (the tumor invades the pterygopalatine fossa, but originiates in the sphenopalatine foramen)
|
|
|
expected finding in pt receiving intrathecal chemo and radiation
|
disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy
|
|
|
involved in huntington's
|
caudate
|
|
|
7 days s/p aneurysm clipping now with confusion and lower extremity findings
|
vasospasm
|
|
|
MR finding in basal ganglia in the setting of advanced hepatic disease
|
increased T1 signal
|
|
|
unilateral papilledema and retinal calcification
|
drusen
|
|
|
50 yo female with MS changes and multiple bilateral bleeds
|
superior sagittal sinus thrombosis
|
|
|
most common cause of precocious puberty
|
hypothalamic hamartoma
|
|
|
finding associated with chiari I
|
cervical syringohydromyelia
|
|
|
cervical spine fracture most likely to cause symptoms
|
flexion teardrop
|
|
|
LE weakness with a complex cystic intradural lumbar mass
|
myxopapillary ependymoma
|
|
|
5yo with homogeneously enhancing mass in vermis causing mass effect on 4th ventricle
|
medulloblastoma
|
|
|
RE: OMU distribution in unilateral sinus opacification
|
frontal, anterior ethmoid, and maxillary
|
|
|
re: nodal staging of SqCC of head and neck
|
size, number and laterality of nodes
|
|
|
NOT associated with tethered cord
|
sacrococcygeal teratoma
|
|
|
re: large vestibular aqueduct syndrome
|
most often bilateral
|
|
|
most likely CNS tumor to be high density on non-con CT
|
lymphoma
|
|
|
the tectorial membrane is a continuation of what
|
posterior longitudinal ligament
|
|
|
flat tire sign on head ct =
|
ruptured globe
|
|
|
unilateral left vocal cord paralysis needs to be imaged down to what level
|
AP window
|
|
|
70 yo male with IC hemorrhage-no HTN or abnormal enhancement
|
amyloid
|
|
|
chiari II not associated with
|
enlarged posterior fossa
|
|
|
what visual field defect would you have in the setting of left occipital cortical infarct
|
right homonymous hemianopsia
|
|
|
55yo male with high T2 signal in distal thoracic cord and signal voids in dorsal spinal canal
|
dural AVF
|
|
|
mammo- what type of calcifications are most concerning for malignancy
|
segmental
|
|
|
dark mammo films from all units--problem?
|
developer temperature
|
|
|
what would NOT decrease motion blur on mammography
|
increase mAs
|
|
|
pt position to US a right upper outer nodule?
|
LPO
|
|
|
lesion is far inner on CC, just behind nipple on MLO--which quadrant?
|
upper inner
|
|
|
two options if calcs are not seen by pathologist
|
1) polarized light microscopy; 2) x-ray the paraffin block
|
|
|
biopsy report: LCIS; at audit this is
|
false positive
|
|
|
known CA gets mammo after XRT. Birads?
|
Birads 6
|
|
|
re: birads 3 lesion
|
#1: use when no prior films; #2: 6mo - 6mo - 1yr: if stable then downgrade to 2
|
|
|
# of mammo's you need to read to remain certified
|
40/mo, 480/yr, 960/24mo
|
|
|
re: breast MR technique
|
fat supression is necessary; use contrast; dedicated breast coils
|
|
|
re: core needle biopsy of a breast mass
|
needle tip should be 1cm proximal to lesion prior to firing
|
|
|
re: breast cancer prognosis
|
black females have worse prognosis
|
|
|
Atypical ductal hyperplasia -- dx made more often when biopsy done for…
|
calcifications rather than for mass
|
|
|
why do a mammogram 3 months after XRT
|
baseline
|
|
|
not associated with malignancy on breast US
|
pseudocapsule
|
|
|
MR enhancement of breast CA
|
early enhancement, early washout
|
|
|
skin thickening and increased density in a pt w/ h/o breast CA
|
recurrence if >1yr, post-XRT changes if <1yr
|
|
|
sentinal node indication and breast CA
|
95% accurate
|
|
|
dense breasts in a 70f not on HRT with no sx. Normal mammo o/w
|
normal variant
|
|
|
6 mm circumscribed nodule on mammography not seen on ultrasound
|
probably benign
|
|
|
what portion of the breast is seen at the bottom of the MLO and CC views?
|
MLO-lower, CC-inner
|
|
|
breast biopsy shows radial scar. Next step?
|
excision
|
|
|
core biopsy shows ADH. Next step?
|
excisional biopsy
|
|
|
55 yr. old woman with bilateral dense, tender breasts. CXR shows cardiomegaly and prominent brachiocephalic vessels
|
CHF
|
|
|
1st screening mammogram shows a well-circumscribed ~2 cm lesion in the right breast. Spot compression views confirm that the lesion is well-marginated, and US can show no abnormality. Most appropriate follow-up
|
BIRADS 3 (6-mo f/u)
|
|
|
what is checked weekly in mammography
|
phantom
|
|
|
age rec for screening mammography
|
annually after 40
|
|
|
H&D curve for mammography
|
has a very narrow latitude
|
|
|
most characteristic findings of Paget's carcinoma of the breast are due to
|
lymphatic clogging by tumor
|
|
|
re: phylloides tumor
|
age is early to late 40's
|
|
|
less compression in which view: mlo or cc
|
mlo
|
|
|
breast mass in medial aspect on cc view. Not seen on MLO. Next step?
|
rolled view or spot compression
|
|
|
re: breast MR--intraductal CA shows
|
rapid enhancement
|
|
|
6 months s/p lumpectomy and radiation therapy. The mammogram demonstrates increased density and skin thickening. What is the most likely etiology
|
post-radiation changes
|
|
|
false regarding reduction mammoplasty
|
glandular tissue moves up
|
|
|
most concerning MR appearance for breast CA
|
enhancing irregular mass
|
|
|
reason for post-lumpectomy, pre-XRT mammo
|
assess for residual microcalcifications
|
|
|
absolute contraindication to breast conservation therapy
|
previous XRT to same breast
|
|
|
re: US guided core breast biopsy
|
costs less than stereotactic biopsy
|
|
|
re: continuing education credit for MQSA
|
15 CME credits every 3 years
|
|
|
MLO view best to view which portion of the breast
|
upper outer (bad for imaging the inner portion)
|
|
|
re: MQSA regulations for patient mammo result notification
|
do not need to send path report of biposy
|
|
|
mammo- what to do with new calcs with lucent centers
|
tangential views--this is a bad question
|
|
|
re: specimen radiograph of needle loc'd breast lesion
|
should be done with magnification
|
|
|
re: IDC with extensive ductal component
|
often needs bracketed/multiple wires to localize
|
|
|
re: digital mammography
|
digital has wider latitude
|
|
|
negative sceening mammogram with IDC found 9 months later. What is this for audit purposes
|
false negative
|
|
|
bloody nipple discharge from a single duct is most likely
|
papilloma
|
|
|
re: saline breast implants
|
mammo reveals a collapsed shell in extracapsular rupture
|
|
|
1000 screening mammos reveal how many cancers
|
2-10, or 0.5%
|
|
|
what is seen on contralateral side in a pt with MCDK
|
UPJ obstruction
|
|
|
common renal mass in a 3-month old
|
mesoblastic nephroma
|
|
|
most important reason to do US on a child with acute pyelonephritis
|
look for renal anomalies
|
|
|
most common cause of pancreatic pseudocyst in a 1yo child
|
child abuse
|
|
|
finding in child on prostaglandin therapy for CHD
|
periosteal elevation
|
|
|
what finding indicates a good prognosis for posterior urethral valves
|
urinary ascites
|
|
|
of 2nd and 3rd digits with bony enlargement on plain film in very young person
|
macrodystrophia lipomatosa
|
|
|
difference in appearance of hyaline membrane dz vs. meconium aspriation
|
lung volume (low in HMD)
|
|
|
early sign of NEC
|
dilated bowel
|
|
|
NOT true re: achondroplasia
|
hands and feet most affected
|
|
|
six-month old with patchy pulmonary opacities, failure to thrive, and malabsorption. Which of the following is not associated with this disease process
|
polyposis
|
|
|
GI issue not associated with Down's syndrome
|
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? pancreatic divisum
|
|
|
5yo girl with enuresis since birth. Best initial imaging?
|
IVP
|
|
|
child with UTI, neurogenic bladder, and chronic constipation. next imaging step?
|
lumbar MRI
|
|
|
associated with microcolon
|
meconium ileus
|
|
|
least likely to be seen on US for delayed testicular torsion
|
microlithiasis
|
|
|
short child with fused vertebrae. Dx?
|
JRA
|
|
|
not associated with SCFE
|
hypothyroidism
|
|
|
fracture most specific for child abuse
|
scapula???
|
|
|
expansion of optic chiasm, high T2 focus in BG
|
NF1 (optic nerve glioma and dysmyelination of BG)
|
|
|
2 month old with stridor and subglottic mass =
|
hemangioma
|
|
|
not associated with asymmetric IUGR
|
amniotic fluid index > 20 (usually oligohydramnios)
|
|
|
most echogenic structure on neonatal US of the brain
|
choroid plexus, vermis
|
|
|
2-3 post renal transplant with rising creatinine and oliguria
|
accelerated acute rejection
|
|
|
within hours of renal transplant a reversal of flow is seen in the renal artery. Etiology?
|
renal vein thrombosis
|
|
|
luckenschadel skull associated with
|
myelomeningocele
|
|
|
CNS tumor associated with increased hematocrit
|
hemangioblastoma
|
|
|
brain myelination proceeds from
|
dorsal to ventral
|
|
|
ectopic ureter in boys can present as
|
epididymitis
|
|
|
most common breast mass in an adolescent girl
|
fibroadenoma
|
|
|
what is the hindfoot deformity seen in congenital club foot
|
hindfoot varus deformity
|
|
|
cavitary necrosis of the lung is seen most often with what bug
|
S. Pneumoniae
|
|
|
malrotation is not seen in
|
situs inversus totalis
|
|
|
best imaging sequence to confirm early growth plate
|
3d spoiled SPGR
|
|
|
most common lethal fetal skeletal dysplasia
|
thanatophoric dwarfism
|
|
|
boy with muscular mass with calcifications
|
hemangioma
|
|
|
re: technique for pediatric ct in a 2yo
|
80mA
|
|
|
child with hair patch, scoliosis and one short leg
|
tethered cord
|
|
|
GI atresia at this location is most associated with other congenital abnormalities
|
duodenal
|
|
|
US of an infant reveals upper pole hydronephrosis
|
duplicated collecting system
|
|
|
HMPAO brain study in Huntingtons--finding?
|
decreased activity in caudate heads
|
|
|
why are mets seen on bone scan
|
???
|
|
|
how to test for purity of technetium?
|
acetone, maybe saline, too
|
|
|
not a cause of persistent nephrogram on MAG3
|
acute pyelonephritis
|
|
|
large RUL def, moderate RML, normal CXR =
|
intermediate
|
|
|
not true concerning iodine treatment for thyroid CA
|
follicular cancer is resistent (only hurthle-follicular is resistant (5%); plus anaplastic and medullary)
|
|
|
re: FDG-PET
|
small cell lung CA shows increased uptake
|
|
|
FDG-PET not good for:
|
distinguishing between GBM and brain abscess
|
|
|
lung CA type not good on PET
|
bronchoalveolar
|
|
|
re: PET
|
requires thicker crystals to detect high energy photons
|
|
|
re: I-131 high dose
|
in the setting of pulmonary mets, pulmonary fibrosis can be seen
|
|
|
not hot on all three phases of a bone scan
|
PVD necrotic toe
|
|
|
when to use indium?
|
AAA graft infection
|
|
|
octreotide is not good at detecting…
|
adenocarcinoma
|
|
|
what do you do with patients after FDG-18 injection
|
sit in quiet room
|
|
|
first step to contain a radioactive spill.
|
put paper towels over it
|
|
|
positive tagged RBC scan immediately following normal scan--reason?
|
patient re-bled
|
|
|
re: v/q scan--
|
defects in left hilum on oblique can be normal
|
|
|
biliary scan: liver uptake at 4 hours, but no excretion
|
re-image at 24 hours
|
|
|
use of molybdenum requires careful control due to
|
radiation
|
|
|
most common cause of unilateral lung perfusion
|
bronchial CA
|
|
|
crossed diaschisis in cerebellum on HMPAO perfusion study is a sign of
|
inadequate perfusion
|
|
|
FDG PET not useful in detecting
|
prostate CA
|
|
|
best test for detecting myocardial viability
|
FDG-PET
|
|
|
female with sore throat x 2 months with elevated T4 and 1% RAIU. Dx?
|
subacute thyroiditis
|
|
|
elevated liver uptake around the GB on HIDA. Cause?
|
increased flow from inflammation
|
|
|
re: sincalide
|
c-terminal octapeptide of cholecystekinin
|
|
|
this disease does not show diffusely increase uptake on a bone scan
|
osteopoikilosis
|
|
|
re: MUGA
|
over-subtraction of background causes falsely elevated LVEF
|
|
|
which is not an advantage of gated cardiolyte SPECT over static SPECT
|
sensitivity to ischemic areas
|
|
|
finding in Alzheimer's on HMPAO
|
decreased activity in parietal cortex
|
|
|
where does Tc bind on a tagged RBC scan
|
beta hemoglobin subunit
|
|
|
when does Indium-111 labelled WBCs not have an advantage over Gallium-67
|
discitis
|
|
|
re: I-123
|
cost is prohibitive for most clinical applications
|
|
|
re: stripe sign on VQ
|
commmonly seen in COPD
|
|
|
new femur pain in a 7-month pregnant female with breast CA
|
do a bone scan b/c the risk of tx is less that the risk of untreated mets
|
|
|
findings of captopril renal scan in the abnormal kidney
|
scan becomes abnormal after captopril due to decreased uptake of DTPA
|
|
|
bone scan shows uptake in liver and stomach
|
aluminum breakthrough
|
|
|
two days post transplant MAG3 scan shows normal perfusion but delayed excretion. DX?
|
ATN
|
|
|
re: tc-tagged RBC scan
|
in vivo labelled RBCs have same sensitivity as sulfur colloid for GI bleed
|
|
|
increased liver uptake on MDP-Tc-99m cannot be due to
|
free MDP-Tc99m
|
|
|
IDA is taken up in the liver how
|
active transport, unconjugated
|
|
|
no bowel activity on neonatal biliary scan at 2 hrs. Next step?
|
reimage at 4 and 24 hours
|
|
|
re: cck injection for biliary scan
|
do not inject rapidly
|
|
|
not imaged for dexa scan
|
proximal humerus
|
|
|
type of thyroid CA least likely to be treated with I-131
|
medullary (also anaplastic)
|
|
|
re: pet/ct…
|
ct data is used to correct for attenuation for the PET
|
|
|
finding most likely to suggest bony met
|
increased activity in vertebral body and pedicle
|
|
|
most important factor for localizing bleeding in tagged rbc scan
|
timing?
|
|
|
cold on NH3-PET, hot on FDG-PET in myocardium
|
hypoperfused (cold on NH3) but viable (hot on FDG) = hibernating myocardium
|
|
|
re: MAG3 physiology
|
can be used to calculate renal plasma flow
|
|
|
stage 2 breast cancer--likelihood for bone mets?
|
3%
|
|
|
role of FDG-PET in IDC of the breast
|
monitor response to therapy
|
|
|
re: hot nodules on I-123 scan
|
single hot nodule with decreased other activity suggests autonomous nodule
|
|
|
what is necessary for MAG3 lasix renal scan to differentiate function vs. obstruction
|
preserved renal function (must be able to respond to lasix)
|
|
|
re: gastric emptying studies…
|
solid phase is more sensitive for early gastroparesis
|
|
|
HMPAO diamox perfusion scan is used to
|
evaluate cerebral perfusion reserve
|
|
|
indium-octreotide
|
somatostatin analog
|
|
|
an administered radiopharmaceutical must be within what % of the ordered dose?
|
10% is the rule to be able to give it. That is the answer. This answer was controversial b/c if you give a dose more than 20% from your prescribed dose, you have to report it.
|
|
|
lymphoma and power lines: two groups identified
|
case control
|
|
|
how to show 5-year survival
|
kaplan meier curve
|
|
|
type II error
|
sample size too small
|
|
|
type I error
|
sample size too large, could detect a trivial difference
|
|
|
power is associated with
|
sample size
|
|
|
PPV for mammography leading to biopsy
|
27%
|
|
|
odds ratio question in coal workers
|
2
|
|
|
area under the ROC curve corresponds to what?
|
ability to discriminate disease from normal
|
|
|
not one of the ACGME core competencies for resident education
|
business skills
|
|
|
best statistical test for survival
|
unpaired t-test
|
|
|
best statistical test for nominal values
|
chi squared
|
|
|
reducing the matrix from 256x256 to 128x128 does what to scan time?
|
cuts it in half
|
|
|
re: blood borne pathogens…
|
hollow needle transmits more easily than solid needles
|
|
|
a disease is now detected earlier without a change in survival
|
lead time bias
|
|
|
best target for in vivo molecular imaging labelling
|
protein
|
|
|
factor not considered in determining attenuation coefficient for molecular imaging
|
distance light travels
|
|
|
re: intent to treat analysis
|
people are placed into group randomly
|
|
|
MR cycles at 200cm/sec but peak flow is higher than that. You will see…
|
aliasing
|
|
|
artifact seen in frequency encoding direction
|
chemical shift artifact
|
|
|
sensitivity =
|
tp/(tp+fn)
|
|
|
NPV =
|
TN/(TN+FN)
|
|
|
re: arterial vessel physiology
|
vasa vasorum supplies outer portion of artery
|
|
|
re: c-spine injury in kids
|
c 1/2 injured more often than c 6/7
|
|
|
lateral dislocation of the patella. What else is injured?
|
medial patellar retinaculum
|
|
|
most common benign rib lesion in an adult
|
fibrous dysplasia
|
|
|
tumor associated with osteomalacia
|
hemangiopericytoma
|
|
|
baseball player with parasthesia/pain
|
axillary nerve entrapment
|
|
|
components of pes ancerinus (3)
|
sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosis tendon
|
|
|
acroosteolysis and subperiosteal bone resorption
|
hyperparathyroidism
|
|
|
fusiform dilatation of PIPs
|
RA
|
|
|
10yo child with edema of superior portion of patellar tendon
|
jumper's knee
|
|
|
lucencies of lunate and triquetrium with TFCC tear. This is associated with
|
ulnar impaction syndrome
|
|
|
degree of C1-2 rotation that is okay
|
up to 45 degrees
|
|
|
fatty marrow changes in kids starts at
|
the epiphysis
|
|
|
SLAP lesion associated with what mechanism of injury
|
overhead throwing
|
|
|
trabecular pattern in osteoporosis
|
horizontal struts are resorbed, vertical struts are preserved
|
|
|
what does not cause posterior vertebral scalloping
|
osteopetrosis
|
|
|
mnemonic for posterior vertebral scalloping
|
AMEN (achondroplasia/acromegaly, marfans, ehlers-danlos, NF1)
|
|
|
lateral epicondylitis affects what structure?
|
extensor carpi radialis brevis
|
|
|
avulsion fracture of 5th metatarsal is associated with
|
peronius brevis tear
|
|
|
cortisone injection contraindication?
|
septic arthritis
|
|
|
normal plain films, high T2 in femoral head/neck/intertroch
|
transient osteoporosis
|
|
|
etiology of morton's neuroma
|
inflammatory pseudotumor
|
|
|
cause of lytic metastatic bone lesions?
|
secretion of osteoclastic factors
|
|
|
cause of medial epicondylitis
|
flexor/pronator strain
|
|
|
sign of acute osteoporosis
|
subchondral lucency
|
|
|
12yo with back pain and sclerotic L4 pedicle
|
trauma with contralateral pars interarticularis fracture
|
|
|
re: growth plates
|
realtively weak during rapid growth
|
|
|
mass in supraglenoid notch associated with
|
infraspinatous atrophy
|
|
|
rotator interval made up of
|
supraspinatus and subscapularis
|
|
|
chance fracture due to
|
posterior distraction and flexion
|
|
|
bone bruise on the anterior aspect of the lateral femoral condyle, and a fracture of the medial patella. Associated finding?
|
injury to medial retinaculum
|
|
|
MVA and is brought to the ED with one lower extremity shorter than the other, adducted, and internally rotated. Most likely cause?
|
posterior dislocation of the hip
|
|
|
re: physiologic periostitis (3)
|
laminated appearance is associated with malignancy, benign pattern can have skip areas and can be seen in an infant
|
|
|
best way to distinguish enchondroma from low-grade chondrosarcoma
|
clinical symptoms
|
|
|
runs through the carpal tunnel
|
flexor pollicis longus
|
|
|
re: avulsion of ulnar collateral ligament--where is the fracture fragment
|
lodged outside of the adductor pollicis aponeurosis
|
|
|
ulnar sided wrist pain and pain with ulnar deviation of the wrist. Plain film shows cystic lesions at the ulnar styloid, triquitrum and lunate
|
ulnar carpal impaction syndrome
|
|
|
re: occult hip fracture, imaging after plain films
|
MRI
|
|
|
bicipital tendon rupture associated with
|
subscapular tendon rupture
|
|
|
most stable c-spine fracture?
|
posterior arch of c1
|
|
|
most common tarsal coalition
|
calcaneonavicular and middle subtalar
|
|
|
tennis player with acute calf pain
|
rupture of medial head of gastrocnemius? (plantaris tendon was a classic old answer...)
|
|
|
tennis player with acute lateral calf pain
|
popliteus tendon tear
|
|
|
most commonly affected by posttraumatic osteolysis
|
clavicle
|
|
|
most common location of a triquetral fracture
|
dorsal
|
|
|
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia now has a painless gluteal mass in the medial gluteus maximus with low T1 and high T2 signal:
|
soft tissue myxoma
|
|
|
re: serial examinations of the spine in a patient with scoliosis
|
PA technique to minimize breast dose
|
|
|
best way to distinguish RA from gout
|
juxtaarticular soft tissue calcification in gout
|
|
|
which disease has a distribution similar to RA in the wrist and hand?
|
CPPD is the consensus. (psoriasis if you ask Dr. Dietz.)
|
|
|
common indication for MR arthrography in patient under 30 years old
|
SLAP injury
|
|
|
oncogenic osteomalacia is associated with
|
hemangiopericytoma
|
|
|
likely cause of bilateral femoral head sclerosis in a 22yo
|
bilateral avn
|
|
|
acetabular fracture most commonly involves
|
posterior wall
|
|
|
true re: gout arthropathy
|
corticated overhanging edges
|
|
|
associated with coxa valga and hip dislocation
|
cerebral palsy
|
|
|
most likely to be monostotic
|
chondroblastoma
|
|
|
25yo male with bilateral AVN and areas of sclerosis in his bones
|
sickle cell
|
|
|
tennis player with acute calf pain
|
tear of medial gastrocnemius head (other recalls say plantaris tendon tear)
|
|
|
what is the cause of SLAC wrist
|
scapholunate separation
|
|
|
SLAC injury is associated with
|
CPPD
|
|
|
distal phalangeal growth plate fracture of the first toe in a young child, at risk for
|
osteomyelitis
|
|
|
increased T2 signal in muscles of posterior forearm. Cause?
|
posterior interosseous nerve entrapment
|
|
|
hawkins calssification is used for
|
talus fractures
|
|
|
least common tumor to send mets to bone
|
wilm's
|
|
|
muscle associated with greater trochanter pain syndrome
|
gluteus medius
|
|
|
most common site of PVNS
|
knee
|
|
|
this structure attaches to the pisiform
|
flexor carpi ulnaris
|
|
|
most common acquired flat foot deformity
|
tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction
|
|
|
amorphous calcification below anterior arch of C1
|
hydroxyapatite deposition
|
|
|
horizontal fractures of the pubic rami. Mechanism?
|
lateral compression
|
|
|
abnormal anterior widening of c4 c5 and STS. Mechanism
|
hyperextension
|
|
|
central cord syndrome. Mechanism?
|
hyperextension injury
|
|
|
re: aortic dissection:
|
left coronary not commonly involved
|
|
|
when to give platelet transfusion
|
at the start of the procedure?
|
|
|
antidote for benzodiazopines
|
flumazenil
|
|
|
bradycardic/hypotensive after IV contrast--treatment?
|
vasovagal--give atropine
|
|
|
cause of blue toe syndrome
|
atheroembolism
|
|
|
not an indication for TIPS
|
isolated gastric varices due to splenic vein thrombosis
|
|
|
AAA measuring 4.0cm:
|
in a healthy patient, risk of surgery is probably greater than the risk of rupture
|
|
|
left gastroepiploic artery arises from…
|
splenic artery
|
|
|
the uterine artery arises from…
|
anterior branch of internal iliac
|
|
|
most common cause of shock after arterial interventional procedure without groin mass
|
retroperitoneal hematoma
|
|
|
type II endoleak
|
collateral flow into aneurysm
|
|
|
tachycardia/hypotensive after central line placement with peel-away catheter
|
air embolism
|
|
|
arterial supply to the cecum?
|
ileocolic branch of SMA
|
|
|
indirect measure of portal vein pressure
|
wedge
|
|
|
least likely acetabular fracture?
|
anterior wall
|
|
|
giant cell body reaction around hip joint prosthesis due to
|
microparticles from ploymer
|
|
|
sequelae of radiation more likely to occur in a child
|
scoliosis
|
|
|
may-thurner syndrome: what compresses what
|
R common iliac artery compresses the L common iliac vein
|
|
|
re: carcinoid of the appendix
|
rarely malignant/usually benign
|
|
|
most likely cause of prosthesis loosening at 3 months
|
infection?
|
|
|
re: ewing's sarcoma -- blastic or lytic
|
not blastic
|
|
|
re: ewing's sarcoma
|
large soft tissue mass
|
|
|
how do you know a dialysis graft is failing
|
increased venous dialysis pressure or intimal hyperplasia at venous anastamosis
|
|
|
re: angiodysplasia -- (2)
|
uncommon to see bleeding at angiography; common to see an early draining vein
|
|
|
re: DVAs
|
associated with cavernous hemangioma
|
|
|
best MR sequence to see a vascular malformation
|
contrast MRA? T2 (flow-voids)??
|
|
|
SAH in perimesencephalic cistern. 4 vessel was negative, DX?
|
non-aneurysmal, favorable prognosis
|
|
|
what type of endoleak requires immediate corrective surgery
|
??? Most likely type III
|
|
|
what factor will have the least affect on patient radiation dose
|
changing the angle of the c-arm
|
|
|
bradycardic/hypoxic following catheter placement. Cause
|
vasovagal reaction
|
|
|
failure of gortex dialysis graft most likely result of:
|
venous anastomosis stenosis due to intimal hyperplasia
|
|
|
which is is more infectious from a needlestick--HIV or hep B
|
hep B
|
|
|
most common abnormal finding on cavagram for IVC filter
|
circumaortic left renal vein
|
|
|
preferred regimen for antibiotic therapy in percutaneous biliary drainage
|
amp and gent
|
|
|
absolute contraindication to TIPS
|
right heart failure
|
|
|
absolute contraindication to thrombolytic therapy by TPA
|
recent (2 months) stroke or neurosurgery
|
|
|
percutaneous biliary drainage is not indicated for:
|
cholecystitis
|
|
|
pseudoaneurysm and AV fistula on ultrasound will have what in common
|
tissue reveberation in adjacent tissue
|
|
|
expected finding after TIPS
|
hepatopedal flow in the main portal vein
|
|
|
re: treatment of varicocele
|
surgery and IR techniques have equal success rates
|
|
|
highest risk factor for pt undergoing pulmonary angiogram
|
pulmonary arterial hypertension > 70 mm Hg
|
|
|
preferred material for bronchial artery embolization
|
gelfoam
|
|
|
most common cause of AVF failure for dialysis
|
venous outflow stenosis
|
|
|
bradycardia/hypoxic after central line placement with peel-away catheter
|
vasovagal (give atropine)
|
|
|
re: optimal IVC filter placement
|
just below renal veins
|
|
|
prior to IVC filter removal
|
perform cavagram first to look for clot in filter
|
|
|
first step when a sedated pt drops O2 sats
|
arouse patient and secure airway
|
|
|
hypotension/brady/hypoxic sedated pt just after artery puncture
|
vasovagal - give atropine
|
|
|
brescia-cimino AVF connects:
|
radial artery with cephalic vein
|
|
|
treatment for bleeding gastric varices in splenic vein thrombosis secondary to pancreatitis
|
splenectomy
|
|
|
what to do when asked to drain pyonephrosis
|
tell clinician sepsis could worsen and then do it.
|
|
|
most likely to cause an occluded abdominal aorta
|
takayasu
|
|
|
RFA of a liver mets is most likely to perforate the
|
colon
|
|
|
most likely vein stick attempt to cause a median nerve injury
|
basilic vein
|
|
|
most likely finding in aortic stenosis?
|
angina
|
|
|
dysfunction in alcoholic cardiomyopathy?
|
LV systolic dysfunction
|
|
|
Delayed postcontrast cardiac MR demonstrates delayed enhancement of subendocardium? Diagnosis?
|
myocardial infarction
|
|
|
on cardiac MR: transmural delayed enhancement of a left ventricular wall. Management?
|
medical management
|
|
|
branch off LAD
|
diagonal
|
|
|
cardiac MRI to evaluate for ischemia, a double inversion recovery sequence with a properly selected TI can is used to
null which tissue? |
normal myocardium
|
|
|
CTA of the pulmonary veins is part of the preoperative evaluation for what condition
|
a fib
|
|
|
most common reason for late failure in lung transplant patient?
|
bronchiolitis obliterans
|
|
|
true regarding the lateral view CXR?
|
Pulmonary vein confluence below bilateral upper lobe bronchi
|
|
|
What finding is associated with massive pulmonary fibrosis?
|
sharp lateral borders
|
|
|
Brightly enhancing posterior mediastinal mass is most indicative of what?
|
paraganglioma
|
|
|
Dilated left superior intercostal vein is most likely to be seen with
|
SVC obstruction
|
|
|
true regarding usual interstitial pneumonitis?
|
basal predominant, insp/exp would be helpful?
|
|
|
least likely to be associated with pleural effusion?
|
UIP
|
|
|
finding indicating non-resectability in lung CA
|
tracheal invasion
|
|
|
re: lung reduction surgery, what indicates the best chance for improvement in pulmonary status?
|
distribution of disease
|
|
|
Sarcoid nodules are located where?
|
bronchovascular lymphatics
|
|
|
Pulmonary edema develops when:
|
Intravascular hydrostatic pressure exceeds intracapillary oncotic pressure
|
|
|
what can predispose to infarction in event of PE?
|
left heart failure
|
|
|
most specific radiographic finding in Barrett’s esophagus?
|
Reticular mucosal pattern
|
|
|
characteristic radiographic finding with HIV esophagitis?
|
Large ulcer
|
|
|
finding in H. pylori gastritis?
|
thickened folds
|
|
|
re: cholangiocarcinoma
|
Mass at hilar confluence is infiltrating
|
|
|
recurrent episodes of upper abdominal pain and pancreatic calcification, with smoothly marginated tubular
mass in gastric fundus, what is the likely etiology? |
Gastric varices
|
|
|
Immunocompromised patient, typhlitis involves all the following except?
|
transverse colon
|
|
|
MRCP is not a good modality for evaluating
|
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
|
|
|
re: omental infarction
|
patient presented with RUQ pain
|
|
|
pseudocirrhosis of liver, most likely cause
|
treated breast CA
|
|
|
Pancreatic ductal carcinoma on Pre/Post T1
|
Hypo/Hypo
|
|
|
Pancreatic islet cell on MRI
|
Hyper T2/Hyper T1 post
|
|
|
true regarding islet cell tumors of the pancreas?
|
Intraoperative ultrasound is the most sensitive exam for detection
|
|
|
Autoimmune pancreatitis demonstrates which of the following?
|
Irregularity of pancreatic duct.
|
|
|
past history of surgical resection of vaginal septations, now presents with pelvic pain and bilateral complex cystic
lesions associated with her ovaries. |
Endometriosis
|
|
|
MR spectroscopy of prostate shows elevated citrate:
|
Normal prostate
|
|
|
Most common location of urethral damage with straddle injury:
|
Bulbous Urethra
|
|
|
79 year old male with bilateral hydronephrosis and mildly elevated creatinine
|
Prostate enlargement (BPH)
|
|
|
Anuria 12 hours after renal transplant, sonogram shows somewhat enlarged transplanted kidney and mildly elevated resistive
index: |
ATN
|
|
|
68 year old female with 3 cm solid, well perfused renal mass by Doppler. What CT features would allow the lesion to be left
in, requiring only periodic follow-up? |
-65HU
|
|
|
Most common spread of ovarian cancer:
|
peritoneal spread
|
|
|
Increased resistive index in renal transplant with all of the following except:
|
AV fistula
|
|
|
Pelvic fractures with abdominal pain and suprapubic mass, no blood at urethral meatus, next exam
|
Contrast enhanced CT?? RUG?
|
|
|
first line in treatment for hepatic hydrothorax?
|
Salt Restriction and Diuretics
|
|
|
appropriate time to administer
platelets prior to a procedure? |
immediately prior
|
|
|
not an indication for transhepatic biliary drainage?
|
Cholecystitis
|
|
|
most sensitive test for arterial Ca++ in the lower extremity?
|
CE CTA in MIP mode with multiplanar projection
|
|
|
Replaced right hepatic artery comes from:
|
SMA
|
|
|
Superior hemorrhoidal (rectal) artery comes from:
|
IMA
|
|
|
Best technique for MRA in PVD:
|
Contrast enhanced MRA w/ multi-station bolus tracking
|
|
|
Indications for TIPS:
|
Variceal bleeding that has failed endoscopic therapy
|
|
|
Compared with normal vessels, angiogenic vessels are:
|
More branching
|
|
|
Consent for US guided right IJ chest port potential complications except:
|
Pinch off syndrome
|
|
|
Regarding embolization:
|
Permanent occlusion of testicular veins in treating varicoceles is desired
|
|
|
Increased peak velocity in ICA is caused by:
|
Contralateral ICA occlusion
|
|
|
Increased resistance in the distal common carotid artery is caused by:
|
Proximal ICA occlusion
|
|
|
Accuracy of peak ICA systolic velocity affected by all except:
|
Amarosis fugax
|
|
|
Indications for uterine fibroid embolization include all of the following EXCEPT:
|
Endometriosis
|
|
|
true regarding primary/effort subclavian venous thrombosis except:
|
Typically seen in older women.
|
|
|
Patient with splenic trauma, what finding is most related to the need for an interventional procedure
|
Splenic Pseudoaneurysm
|
|
|
best access for a tunneled venous catheter?
|
RIJ
|
|
|
screening mammograms without the use of physical exam would miss what percentage of cancer?
|
5-10%
|
|
|
use of screening mammography
has reduced breast cancer mortality by how much? |
20% (25-30%??)
|
|
|
Regarding the use of CAD
|
Increases detection rate of CA by 15%
|
|
|
Mammo: Confirmation of good patient positioning by
|
On CC, the posterior nipple line is within 1cm of MLO
|
|
|
ADH found on stereotactic biopsy
|
More commonly found with biopsy for microcalcification than for mass
|
|
|
TRUE regarding DCIS?
|
Usually presents as calcification without a mass
|
|
|
stroke margin on stereotactic biopsy?
|
Distance from needle tip to receptor after firing
|
|
|
nipple discharge, which is TRUE?
|
Bilateral discharge is usually physiologic
|
|
|
NOT an indication to get spot compression views
|
Determine dermal position of calcification
|
|
|
Spot compression imaging used for:
|
Confirm the presence or absence of a suspected lesion
|
|
|
Sonographic feature of breast CA, which is FALSE:
|
Lesion is parallel to skin
|
|
|
compared with screen/film mammography, DIGITAL mammography
|
Better for dense breasts
|
|
|
poor screen-film contact?
|
area of blur
|
|
|
4mm cluster of calcifications is seen on screening, what is the BIRADS?
|
0
|
|
|
Concerning needle localizations
|
Needle should be placed 1-1.5cm beyond the lesion
|
|
|
mechanism of Dulcolax
|
Increase colonic contractility
|
|
|
change in disease prevalence will change all of the following except
|
Likelihood positive ratio
|
|
|
Immunoglobulins that are folded into beta-pleated sheets can be seen in the setting of:
|
Amyloid arthropathy
|
|
|
CSF leak nasal secretion
|
Beta-2 transferrin
|
|
|
Pediatric patient receives intravenous iodinated contrast and develops pruritus, large abdominal hives, and hoarseness. What
do you give? |
Benadryl 1-2mg/kg and epinephrine 0.01ml/kg
|
|
|
Patient with HTN that is well controlled on meds is scheduled for an outpatient lower extremity angiogram. What do you
recommend? |
Take meds with sip of water only
|
|
|
most rapid way to correct Coumadin related coagulopathy:
|
FFP
|
|
|
bean sprouts is found to have more growth
|
statistically signficant
|
|
|
Institutional review board is not concerned with:
|
Defining target patient population
|
|
|
Most sensitive modality to detect a cell receptor in molecular imaging
|
PET
|
|
|
Given a case control, what can you not report?
|
Relative risk
|
|
|
MRI study to evaluate for hepatic metastasis identifies the procedures sensitivity and specificity. What are the implications of
this study, what is affected? |
Diagnostic accuracy
|
|
|
Which increases CT dose?
|
Increase kVp
|
|
|
MRI 128x256 matrix increase to 256x256. A linear artifact through the anterior aspect of the spinal cord goes away. Most likely cause?
|
Truncation artifact
|
|
|
Biceps tendon with intraarticular displacement is associated with what other finding?
|
Superior glenohumeral ligament
|
|
|
Associated with displaced biceps tendon from groove
|
Subscapularis tendon injury
|
|
|
Nonossifying fibroma characteristic
|
Thin Sclerotic Margin
|
|
|
Finding associated with flexion injury to cervical spine
|
Vertebral body fracture
|
|
|
Segond fracture indicates injury to what else
|
Lateral Capsular Ligament
|
|
|
Contusion on lateral femoral condyle and lateral tibial plateau, what else is injured?
|
ACL
|
|
|
Joint effusion sedimentation is seen on CT with what process
|
Tumoral calcinosis
|
|
|
acetabular fracture associated with disruption of the ilioischial and iliopectineal lines?
|
Transverse
|
|
|
Most common injured ankle ligament
|
Anterior talofibular ligament
|
|
|
First region of bone marrow fatty conversion is
|
epiphysis
|
|
|
Most malignant potential bone lesion:
|
Enchondromatosis
|
|
|
Acroosteolysis with joint contracture is most likely in:
|
Thermal injury
|
|
|
Infected hip prosthesis on Tc99m-MDP scan will look like
|
Increase activity around prosthesis
|
|
|
true regarding transient osteoporosis of the hip?
|
Increased T2 signal within the femoral head and neck
|
|
|
Advanced muscle atrophy on MR
|
High T1 signal
|
|
|
MRI T1 fat-sat with gadolinium enhancement is used to determine
|
Abscess vs. edema
|
|
|
88 year old female fell with right hip pain. X-ray negative.
|
MRI
|
|
|
not associated with hypertrophic osteoarthropathy?
|
Renal tubular acidosis
|
|
|
where in the shoulder does the presence of contrast make you think of a full thickness rotator cuff tear?
|
Subacromial/subdeltoid bursa
|
|
|
Patient with hemophilia has a big radial head. What is the cause?
|
Hyperemia
|
|
|
Optic melanoma most likely to metastasis where?
|
liver
|
|
|
Most common malignancy of parotid gland in adult
|
mucoepidermoid
|
|
|
Wernicke’s encephalopathy affects which part of brain?
|
Periaquaductal region
|
|
|
MR Spectroscopy question asking which was true
|
High levels of lactate indicate anaerobic metabolism
|
|
|
All of the following can mimic subarachnoid
hemorrhage on FLAIR except |
Diffuse white matter edema
|
|
|
Peripheral enhancing lesion of brain with intense restricted diffusion
|
abscess
|
|
|
Most common cause of hemifacial spasticity.
|
Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia
|
|
|
Juvenile angiofibroma. Which is false?
|
Arises in the pterygopalatine fossa
|
|
|
Which does not present as leukocoria?
|
Optic glioma
|
|
|
enlarged lymph node in the posterior cervical triangle, which level does this
correspond to? |
level V
|
|
|
According to NRC regulation, reportable events must be reported by:
|
next calendar day
|
|
|
true regarding nuclear medicine agreement states
|
Covers use of byproduct materials
|
|
|
No perfusion by nuclear medicine scan of the kidney 1 hour after transplant:
|
Hyperacute rejection
|
|
|
Octreotide (Indium-111 pentetreotide) is best for identifying what tumor:
|
Gastrinoma
|
|
|
DSIDA metabolism and uptake mechanism, which is true?
|
Active uptake hepatocytes, unconjugated excretion
|
|
|
FDG-PET is used for which of the following?
|
Hibernating myocardium
|
|
|
Which of the following shows increased uptake in 1/3 of cases on sulfur colloid liver spleen scan?
|
FNH
|
|
|
advantage of Tc 99m SC in comparison to tagged RBC for bleeding study?
|
Preparation time of the radiopharmaceutical is shorter for Tc99 sulfur colloid.
|
|
|
renal captopril studies, which of the following is true?
|
Captopril inhibits conversion of Angiotensin I to II.
|
|
|
PET-CT fusion images would be most important when?
|
Distinguishing physiologic activity in ureter from periaortic lymphadenopathy.
|
|
|
Regarding the use recombinant TSH (thyrogen) which is true when scanning a patient with I-131 suspected of having
recurrence? |
Is used for diagnostic imaging as a substitute for thyroid hormone withdrawal
|
|
|
Congenital lung malformation associated with cerebral abscess
|
Pulmonary AVM in HHT
|
|
|
8 year old female with a nontender right lower quadrant mass and precocious puberty. diagnosis?
|
Granulosa cell tumor
|
|
|
most likely cause of massive cardiomegaly in newborn?
|
Ebstein’s anomaly
|
|
|
Neonate with enlarged scrotum containing calcifications:
|
Meconium peritonitis through patent processus vaginalis
|
|
|
Not associated with Down’s Syndrome
|
Pancreatic divisum
|
|
|
Pediatric patient with Kerley B lines on CXR. Which is most unlikely?
|
Ebstein’s anomaly
|
|
|
recurrent UTIs in a patient with high anal atresia?
|
Rectourethral fistula
|
|
|
Level of conus in child
|
L2
|
|
|
false regarding vascular malformations:
|
Lymphangitic malformations rapidly grow during first year. (They don't.)
|
|
|
Large heart in a child not seen with:
|
Myocarditis
|
|
|
When is physiologic herniation of bowel expected?
|
10-12 wks
|
|
|
See increased cortical echogenicity with all of the following except:
|
Acute pyelonephritis
|
|
|
increased medullary echogenicity (renal pyramids) with all of the following except:
|
Prune belly syndrome
|
|
|
most common cause of non-immune hydrops?
|
Cardiac anomaly
|
|
|
All of the following are associated with elevated AFP EXCEPT?
|
Downs syndrome
|
|
|
Kawasaki disease is a multisystem syndrome associated with all of the following, except
|
pulseless phase (that's takayasu's)
|
|
|
associated with gastroschisis?
|
situated on the right
|
|
|
Regarding bone Eosinophilic Granuloma
|
Most common from ages 5 to 10
|
|
|
Regarding Ewing Sarcoma of bone all are true except
|
ESR is usually normal (usually elevated)
|
|
|
Regarding the use of bone scanning in cases of suspected child abuse (nonaccidental trauma), all of the following are true, except
|
diagnosis of skull fracture is more accurate with scintigraphy than with plain film radiography
|
|
|
Infants of diabetic mothers demonstrate an increased incidence of all the following, except
|
papillary necrosis
|
|
|
Bochdalek's hernia- all are true except
|
less common than Morgagni hernia (far more common)
|
|
|
not associated with premature closure of the sutures
|
Hypothyroidism
|
|
|
most sensitive modality for detecting nephroblastomatosis
|
contrast CT
|
|
|
Pulmonary sling causes
|
posterior compression on the trachea
|
|
|
hemangioendothelioma- all the following are correct except
|
steroids promote growth
|
|
|
Meconium Plug syndrome- all are true except
|
Common in cystic fibrosis
|
|
|
most common type of tracheo-esophageal fistula
|
distal TE fistula
|
|
|
Regarding neuroblastoma
|
related to Hutchinson syndrome
|
|
|
Regarding NEC:
|
ischemic bowel disease secondary to hypoxia
|
|
|
lacunar skull: all the following are true except
|
Due to prominent convolutinal markings
|
|
|
The most common neural tube defect associated with elevated alpha fetoprotein is
|
anencephaly
|
|
|
grade of germinal matrix bleed with hemorrhage in a dilated ventricle.
|
grade III
|
|
|
2-month infant with Tetralogy of Fallot, without cyanosis may also have
|
PDA
|
|
|
Regarding intussusception
|
Meckel divericulum may be a leadpoint
|
|
|
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is diagnosed by ultrasound if the transverse pyloric muscle thickness is
|
>4mm
|
|
|
hip fracture most likely to result in AVN
|
subcapital
|
|
|
Regarding phantom images, criteria for the number of objects to pass the ACR Mammography Accreditation is a minimum of:
|
4 fibers, 3 speck groups, and 3 masses
|
|
|
average glandular dose to an average breast should not exceed ? mGy per view for screen-film image
|
3
|
|
|
Processor quality control should be performed:
|
Daily
|
|
|
lesion is seen only on CC view. next step?
|
roll view
|
|
|
mammo: true re: spot mag views
|
oscillating grid is not helpful
|
|
|
re: compression of the breast, which is false?
|
more vigorous with implants
|
|
|
All of the following favor follow-up for an asymmetric density, except
|
neodensity
|
|
|
least common mammographic appearance of a radial scar?
|
calcification
|
|
|
true re: fibroadenomas
|
hormone dependent
|
|
|
Re: breast hamartomas, all of the following are true except
|
calcify
|
|
|
most common tumor to metastasize to the breast
|
melanoma
|
|
|
re: ductal carcinoma in situ, select the least favorable lesion.
|
Comedocarcinoma with extended intraductal component
|
|
|
most common circumscribed breast carcinoma
|
Invasive ductal carcinoma
|
|
|
false re: implant rupture
|
Calcification in the capsule represents microscopic rupture
|
|
|
re: mammographic appearance of the radiated breast, all of the following are true, except
|
severity of the mammographic changes is related to the radiation dose
|
|
|
false re: lobular carcinoma in situ
|
associated with clustered pleomorphic calcifications (actually it has no radiologic findings)
|
|
|
false re: intracystic mass in breast
|
6 month f/u US is indicated (excision)
|
|
|
most common breast cancer to present as a well circumscribed mass
|
invasive ductal
|
|
|
not a characteristic finding of medullary carcinoma of the breast
|
calcifications
|
|
|
Not a characteristic finding of infiltrating lobular carcinoma
|
well-defined mass
|
|
|
re: radial scar
|
lucent center
|
|
|
false re: mammo vs. chest films
|
chest films are faster
|
|
|
true re: invasive lobular carcinoma
|
frequently non-palpable
|
|
|
a lesion is located more superior on ML than on MLO. medial or lateral half of breast
|
medial
|
|
|
MLO view of the breast has 10 cm of breast tissue, the CC view should contain at least how much breast tissue
|
9 (x-1)
|
|
|
least likely to cause hepatic calcification
|
hepatic sarcoidosis
|
|
|
Brain tumors are associated with which of the following polyposis syndromes
|
Turcot's syndrome
|
|
|
Bergquist triad is associated with which hernia
|
Traumatic diaphragmatic
|
|
|
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis most often involves the
|
jejunum
|
|
|
the left lateral posterior hepatic subsegment
|
II
|
|
|
neutropenic patient demonstrates a thickened cecal and ascending colon with surrounding fat stranding. What is the most likely diagnosis?
|
typhlitis
|
|
|
All of the following are typically associated with irregular, distorted small-bowel folds except:
|
henoch-schonlein purpura
|
|
|
false re: fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma
|
resectability is the same as for a conventional hepatoma (actually better resectability)
|
|
|
NOT a cause of a coned cecum
|
giardiasis
|
|
|
false re: Behcet's syndrome
|
submucosal nodules
|
|
|
Banti's syndrome is associated with
|
esophageal varices
|
|
|
Clonorchiasis is associated with
|
bile duct obstruction
|
|
|
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome associated with
|
Hepatic hemangioma (cavernous)
|
|
|
pancreatic islet cell tumors, with the lowest incidence of malignant transformation
|
insulinoma
|
|
|
associated with total fatty replacement of the pancreas?
|
Cystic fibrosis
|
|
|
potent smooth muscle spasmolytic used in radiologic procedures
|
glucagon
|
|
|
gastrointestinal hormone produced in g-cells of the pancreas
|
gastrin
|
|
|
gastrointestinal hormones causes relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi
|
CCK
|
|
|
true re: Meckel's diverticulum
|
M>F
|
|
|
wide pulse pressure in a newborn
|
PDA
|
|
|
true re: calcium scoring CT
|
calcs occur in proximal 2cm of LAD
|
|
|
re: IHSS
|
abnormal anterior movement of mitral valve
|
|
|
not part of the cardiac border on frontal XR
|
LV outflow tract
|
|
|
most common apperance of Legionella at the peak of the disease
|
bilateral airspace disease
|
|
|
What structure is immediately anterior to the left upper lobe pulmonary bronchus
|
superior pulmonary vein
|
|
|
LAM resembles what on HRCT?
|
EG
|
|
|
most common mycotic pneumonia in a PT with AIDS
|
cryptococcus
|
|
|
dyspnea and low glucose =
|
benign fibrous tumor of the pleura
|
|
|
travels with vagus nerve through diaphragm
|
esophagus
|
|
|
re: esophageal leiomyoma
|
occur in mid-distal esophagus
|
|
|
Large esophageal ulcers are not seen in
|
herpes
|
|
|
linitis plastica caused by
|
breast mets
|
|
|
clonorchis is associated with
|
cholangiocarcinoma
|
|
|
pulsatile flow in portal vein with enlarged liver =
|
CHF
|
|
|
what causes atrophy of liver lobes in setting of cholangiocarcinoma
|
biliary ductal dilatation
|
|
|
false re: microcystic pancreatic neoplasm
|
has malignant potential (actually benign)
|
|
|
most common cause of pre-sinusoidal portal hypertension
|
schistosomiasis
|
|
|
primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with...
|
ulcerative colitis
|
|
|
least common infection at ileocecal region
|
giardia
|
|
|
cause of rapid gastric emptying
|
Z-E syndrome
|
|
|
which zone of the prostate is removed during TURP?
|
transitional zone
|
|
|
will not give you bladder wall thickening
|
DM-related neurogenic bladder
|
|
|
will not cause papillary necrosis
|
oxalosis
|
|
|
associated with primary megauterter
|
delayed emptying of the ureter
|
|
|
false re: ureteral jets
|
need to image for 5-10 minutes (actually 1-3)
|
|
|
captopril blocks
|
angiotensin I to II conversion
|
|
|
majority of sublingual gland tumors are...
|
malignant
|
|
|
not a laryngeal cartilage
|
hyoid
|
|
|
match the pediatric brain abnormality with the condition that is most closely associated
|
Schizencephaly: Migration disorder
|
|
|
false re: myelination milestones
|
Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles- on T1 at 6 months
|
|
|
true re: chordomas
|
of notochordal origin
|
|
|
true re: tuberous sclerosis
|
subependymal nodules are usually located near foramen of monro
|
|
|
temporal lobe epilepsy does not cause atrophy of...
|
Mammillothalamic tract
|
|
|
true re: MRI of multiple sclerosis
|
cord lesions are specific in adults
|
|
|
false re: superior cerebellar peduncle
|
Because of redundancy of cerebellar pathways, resection during surgery is only briefly symptomatic.
|
|
|
diffuse opacification of the mastoids and middle ear with an area of septal destruction postero-medially, partly destroying the sigmoid sinus plate
|
coalescent mastoiditis
|
|
|
re: superficial siderosis
|
easily seen on T2 FSE
|
|
|
TIPS placed from R portal vein to R hepatic vein. What is the flow in the L portal vein?
|
hepatofugal
|
|
|
false re: abdominal aortic grafts
|
gas around graft at 3 weeks = infection
|
|
|
true re: vascular anatomy on lateral CXR
|
SVC is anterior to RPA
|
|
|
mammo: not a form of DCIS
|
medullary
|
|
|
a circumscribed, non-calcified 1 cm breast mass on screening mammogram. chance of malignancy?
|
1-2%
|
|
|
kVp in mammo
|
24-28
|
|
|
without physical exam, what % of breast cancer would be missed?
|
5-10%
|
|
|
kappa =
|
variance of a test from the gold standard
|
|
|
what would give you altered or new decreased T2 signal in the vertebral bodies
|
myelofibrosis
|
|
|
most commonly entrapped fracture fragment in an adult with a posterior elbow dislocation
|
coronoid process
|
|
|
12-year-old girl presents with multiple soft tissue masses at the hips, elbows and the shoulders that are multilocular
|
idiopathic tumoral calcinosis
|
|
|
nasion, bilateral orbital rim, bilateral zygomatic arch and pterigoid plate fractures
|
le fort III
|
|
|
popliteal (Baker’s) cyst is located between
|
Medial head of gastrocnemius and semimembranosus
|
|
|
contusion in lateral (anterior?) femoral condyle and tibial plateau, and medial meniscus tear – what other associated injuries?
|
ACL tear
|
|
|
Scaphoid waist fracture is associated with what other abnormalities
|
perilunate dislocation
|
|
|
the pathophysiology behind osteogenesis imperfecta
|
abnormal matrix production
|
|
|
best view to evaluate for hook of the hamate fracture
|
carpal tunnel view
|
|
|
best indicator for pathologic fracture?
|
soft tissue mass
|
|
|
position to demonstrate congenital hip dislocation
|
flexion
|
|
|
Seronegative arthropathy often has
|
periostitis
|
|
|
true concerning senile osteoporosis
|
Cancellous bone is resorbed faster than cortical bone
|
|
|
lesion which resembles multiple sclerosis
|
lyme disease
|
|
|
Which one of the following is the motor strip?
|
precentral gyrus
|
|
|
neonatal neuro US: what structure (not choroid plexus) is most echogenic?
|
vermis
|
|
|
ranula =
|
blockage of sublingual duct
|
|
|
persistant embryonic connection between carotid and vertebral (basilar) arteries
|
otic artery
|
|
|
likelihood of having multiple intracranial aneurysms if you have one
|
20%
|
|
|
Which artery supplies the posterior limb of the internal capsule
|
lenticulostriate
|
|
|
MRI contrast agent that can cause decrease signal on T2
|
iron oxide
|
|
|
trauma with conductive hearing loss
|
longitudinal T-bone fx
|
|
|
most medial structure in cavernous sinus =
|
CN VI
|
|
|
when is In-111 WBC preferred over Ga-67?
|
inflammatory bowel dz
|
|
|
undergoing cardiac stress testing with dipyridamole develops severe chest pain. The most appropriate next step
|
Stop the test and administer aminophylline
|
|
|
octreotide scan is good for all of the following except
|
adrenal adenoma
|
|
|
false re: left ventricular scintigraphy
|
hypokinesis is seen in IHSS (actually hyperdynamic)
|
|
|
young patient has a liver lesion with a central scar. The lesion is cold on sulfur colloid
|
fibrolamellar HCC
|
|
|
triple match on CXR/V-Q
|
low prob
|
|
|
fixed cardiac wall defect on sestamibi, activity on FDG-PET
|
hibernating myocardium
|
|
|
true re: a sulfur colloid scan for GI bleeding
|
more sensitive than angiography
|
|
|
DMSA or glucoheptonate is most commonly used for
|
acute pyelonephritis in children
|
|
|
child with chest wall mass
|
ewing's sarcoma
|
|
|
Two brothers with pneumonia, liver abscesses and other infections
|
chronic granulomatous disease
|
|
|
normal hepatic vein waveform
|
triphasic
|
|
|
measurements to diagnose IUGR
|
HC/AC >62%
|
|
|
parallel cardiac outflow tracts =
|
transposition of the great vessels
|
|
|
D-transposition of the great vessels is associated with...
|
AV concordance
|
|
|
which artery supplies the AV node?
|
distal RCA branch
|
|
|
most common cardiac manifestation of SLE?
|
valvular pathology
|
