Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Duration
|
(Rhythm) - How long or short a tone is
|
|
Frequency
|
(pitch)- how high or low a tone is
|
|
Amplitude
|
(dynamics)- how loud or soft tones are
|
|
Timbre
|
(tone color)- actual sound quality, what they sound like
|
|
Beat
|
the lengths of different notes are organized in relation to a steady, underlying pulse
|
|
Subdivision
|
when there is more than 1 note per beat in a piece of music
|
|
Duple Subdivision
|
a stream of 8th notes played against a steady quarter note
|
|
Triple Subdivision
|
each individual beat is divided into 2 smaller, evenly spaced rhythmic units
|
|
Measure
|
a group of beats
|
|
Meter
|
the number if beats in a measure
|
|
Duple
|
measures of 2
|
|
Triple
|
measures of 3
|
|
Syncopation
|
an accented note that falls between the beats
|
|
Tempo
|
rate at which the beats pass in music
|
|
Determinate
|
tones that can be labeled with a letter name. tones played or sung in instruments like piano, guitar, violin of flute.
|
|
Indeterminate
|
Tones that cant be identified, like shakers, cymbals and triangles
|
|
Melody
|
a sequence of pitches that unfolds
|
|
Range
|
the different notes that a song has in it, from low to high
|
|
Contour
|
how the sound wave curves, the shape of the sound
|
|
Scale
|
an ascending and/or descending series of notes of different pitch.
|
|
Chromatic scale
|
playing all 12 notes in sequence from low to high or from high to low
|
|
Octave
|
a series of 8 notes that are satisfying to the ear
|
|
Major
|
can be produced with the white keys only, starting on the pitch C
|
|
Minor
|
can be produced with the black keys as well
|
|
Blues scale
|
mix of all scales. Starts off on pitch C includes 6 pitches- C, Eb, F, F#,G,Bb
|
|
Microtones
|
usually found in middle eastern music. All the tones found in between the letters
|
|
Chord
|
a group of 2 or more notes of different pitches played together
|
|
Harmony
|
a cord that makes sense within the context of its musical style
|
|
Instrument classification
|
horsbostel sachs
|
|
Chordophones
|
instruments with stretched string
|
|
lyre
|
Strings attached to crossbar by two posts, parallel to resonator at base
|
|
lutes
|
Strings run parallel to body and resonator, which is affixed on one side
|
|
zither
|
Strings run parallel to the sound board or resonator
|
|
harp
|
Strings attach to resonator perpendicularly
|
|
Aerophones
|
instruments that you blow through to make noise
|
|
Types of Chordophones
|
Lutes, Lyres, zithers, harps
|
|
Types of Aerophones
|
flutes, single reeds, double reeds, buzzed lip
|
|
Membranophones
|
Drums, any instrument with stretched skin over a resonator
|
|
Idiophones
|
any instrument that vibrates itself to create noise, hit it, or rub something against it
|
|
Lamellophone
|
mbira
|
|
Electrophones
|
electronic instruments
|
|
Amplification
|
using a speaker to amplify sound of an instrument, suing cables – on electric guitar the pickups transmit sound to amplifier.
|
|
Digital synthesis
|
programs allow you to create sound solely using digital equipment such as synthesizers.
|
|
Digital sampling
|
just like what kanye west does, taking a sample of another song and mixing it In with your own composition
|
|
Effects processor
|
there are devices, and digital devices, that can change the sound of an instrument. The weird flagger sound made on jimi Hendrix guitar tracks is done by a wah pedal, or example.
|
|
Digital recording
|
programs like protools, called digital audio workshops (DAWs) allow you to record music digitally. They process the audio directly from a microphone or instrument and lay them down in separate tracks, allowing the user to use digital processors, effects, and edit all in the same space.
|
|
Texture
|
relationships between elements in an ensemble, how voices and instruments blended into a musical whole
How many voices are there? Does one melody stand out? How do the parts relate to each other? - Density or sparseness of music |
|
Monophony
|
“one sound.” 1 sound, 1 note at a time, or a solo voice. Or a group of people playing or singing in unison. Octaves are still considered unison.
|
|
Heterophony
|
2 or more musicians who are simultaneously playing slight variations on the same melody. 2 or more musicians performing melody in slightly different ways
|
|
Polyphony
|
music that simultaneously combines two or more lines – used generally to describe any multipart musical tradition
|
|
Polyrhythm
|
– instruments of indeterminate pitch. 2 or more different rhythms played together.
|
|
Interlocking
|
Rhythms have a nature in which they fit together. Relationship between drums called interlocking.
|
|
Indian Music -
|
Indian music is all melodic
|
|
African Music
|
no intentional harmony
|
|
Ostinato-based forms
|
short melodic or rhythmic phrase repeated throughout the piece. Short defined as 2 beats, 4 beats, or 8 beats. Smallest unit of musical organization. Slight variations are thrown in, but overall basically the same. Ostinato can also just be an accompaniemet.
|
|
Cyclic forms
|
a longer unit of time repeated. A cycle would be the form. Large-scale unit of time. – 12 bar blues.
|
|
Contrasting Sections –
|
Strophic verse-chorus:
|
|
Funny Way of Asking (Blues)
|
Form: Ostinato within the instruments (playing a 12 bar pattern behind the music).
Type of Instruments: Aerophones. Subdivision: Duple emphasis on backbeats Blues scale - blue notes |
|
Cuckoo Hornpipe
|
Type of instruments: Aerophones
Subdivision - Duple Form: Texture: Monophony |
|
Mexican Mariachi Tune
|
Subdivision: Triple
|
|
Catecul Miresei (bride's Song)
|
subdivision: Triple
Form: Metric Cycle |
|
Founé
|
Syncopated
Subdivision: Triple |
|
Zorba teh Greek
|
accelerates tempo
Subdivision: duple |
|
Saramasdana
|
Subdivision: Duple
|
|
Eagle Song
|
Duple
Big melodic range |
|
Zeina Song (indian sounding w/ accordian)
|
Ornamentation
Subdivision: duple |
|
taranta (flamenco)
|
arpeggios
duple |
|
gondang haraharo (weird sounding)
|
aerophone and membranophones
duple ostinato monophony |
|
nyamaropa (tinny sound, like a chordophone)
|
idiophone
|
|
salla alho ala mohammed
|
heterophony
|
|
hassidic melody (eastern european sounding) w/ greek sounding bellish thing
|
heterophony
free rhythm |
|
xai (elephants)
|
ostinato based
|