World Music: China

Front 1

Baban

Back 1

Form of Zheng music, has 8 phrases

Front 2

Beijing Opera

Back 2

Otherwise known as Peking Opera

Front 3

Confucianism

Back 3

Self cultivation, uses music to reflect influence and model idea

Front 4

Communist Era

Back 4

1949-65. est zheng programs in conservatories; sign. western influence; increasing pianistic style of zheng playing

Front 5

Cultural Revolution

Back 5

1966-76. Zheng development stifled; pieces are ideologically changed "Molten Iron pouring into a stream"

Front 6

Dap

Back 6

Framed drum used within muquam music.

Front 7

Deng Haiqiong

Back 7

Solo player with roots in the Republican Era.

Front 8

Deng Xiaoping

Back 8

Head of China during the period of Openness, introduces "open" policy

Front 9

erhu

Back 9

Chinese violin

Front 10

qua-zou

Back 10

glissando technique

Front 11

Han (ethnic group)

Back 11

Speak Mandarin, make up 92% of the population.

Front 12

Han Dynasty

Back 12

202BC to 220AD With individual betterment, society is bettered; too Confucianism into account.

Front 13

Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kaishek)

Back 13

In charge of the Republic of China, Reformed culture as well as music: west became model.

Front 14

Mao Zedong

Back 14

China Communist Party leader, he come in complete control over music. (People's republic of China declared.)

Front 15

Ming dynasty

Back 15

1368-1644AD Reemergence of Zheng in popularity, after post-Tang decline. Women encouraged to play. Opera ensemble instrument.

Front 16

Republican Era

Back 16

1912-1945AD Major cultural reforms used Western music as model

Front 17

muquam

Back 17

Uighur influenced; music from ethnicity in China of Arabic descent. Style of music: free rhythm intro+ drum, zheng.

Front 18

pipa

Back 18

Chordophone with four strings. close association with zheng.

Front 19

qin

Back 19

Zither type chordophone, 7 string, string of gentlemen

Front 20

Qing Dynasty

Back 20

1644-1911AD Continued importance of Zheng in opera; crystallized solo styles; pieces of baban form solo tradition.

Front 21

Silk Road

Back 21

connected China to west

Front 22

Tan Dun

Back 22

Composer of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; used traditional instruments, combined with new and old musical elements.

Front 23

Tang Dynasty

Back 23

zheng reaches "apogee", played in many new ensemble contexts, change of construction and decorated, music notated, pipa relation est, woman's ensembles est.

Front 24

Uighur

Back 24

The ethnicity of people descended from the Middle East who influenced muquam music

Front 25

yao zhi

Back 25

dramatic tremelo rolls.

Front 26

yijing

Back 26

culturally designed emotional quality in the music

Front 27

yun

Back 27

a character associated with a specific region

Front 28

Zheng

Back 28

Chinese board zhither chordophone, 21 strings with moveable bridge, historical relation to other instruments.

Front 29

Silk Road

Back 29

connected China to west

Front 30

Tan Dun

Back 30

Composer of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; used traditional instruments, combined with new and old musical elements.

Front 31

Tang Dynasty

Back 31

zheng reaches "apogee", played in many new ensemble contexts, change of construction and decorated, music notated, pipa relation est, woman's ensembles est.

Front 32

Uighur

Back 32

The ethnicity of people descended from the Middle East who influenced muquam music

Front 33

yao zhi

Back 33

dramatic tremelo rolls.

Front 34

yijing

Back 34

culturally designed emotional quality in the music

Front 35

yun

Back 35

a character associated with a specific region

Front 36

Zheng

Back 36

Chinese board zhither chordophone, 21 strings with moveable bridge, historical relation to other instruments.