World History Sem. 2 Final Review

Front 1

This is an alliance between the US, Canada, and ten Western European nations during WWII

Back 1

NATO

Front 2

This is the name of the policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism by blocking Soviet influence

Back 2

containment

Front 3

This term was used by Winston Churchill to represent the division between a mostly democratic Western Europe and a Communist Eastern Europe

Back 3

Iron Curtain

Front 4

This was an alliance between the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies

Back 4

Warsaw Pact

Front 5

This is the policy of demonstrating willingness to engage in a war to protect national interests

Back 5

brinkmanship

Front 6

This is an economic aid package designed to give European nations the aid needed to rebuild after WWII

Back 6

Marshall Plan

Front 7

This meeting at the end of WWII involved dividing Germany into sections controlled by the Soviet Union and Western Powers

Back 7

Yalta Conference

Front 8

What were Third World countries?

Back 8

developing countries not aligne with the United States or the Soviet Union

Front 9

What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?

Back 9

to support countries that rejected communism

Front 10

What was the Domino Theory?

Back 10

The US believed that if Vietnam were to fall to communism, all the countries around it would also become communist.

Front 11

The US and the USSR had a dangerous standoff over the presence of Soviet missiles in the country of _____.

Back 11

Cuba

Front 12

What happened to the border between North Korea and South Korea as a result of the Korean War?

Back 12

It hardly changed at all.

Front 13

The 1956 revolution in this satellite country was the first to challenge Soviet domination after Stalin's death, and was suppressed quickly by the USSR.

Back 13

Hungary

Front 14

How did the Cold war cause a change in US policy towards Nicaragua?

Back 14

The US gave aid to the Sandinistas but withdrew support when the Sandinistas aided Marxist rebels in El Salvador.

Front 15

What group did the Sandinistas in Nicaragua become?

Back 15

the Taliban

Front 16

Who did the US support in the Iran-Iraq war of the 1980s?

Back 16

both Iran and Iraq

Front 17

What was Czechoslovakia's cultural revolution of the 1960s called?

Back 17

Prague Spring

Front 18

What was the policy of detente intended to do?

Back 18

lessen Cold War tensions

Front 19

What was glasnost?

Back 19

in the Soviet Union, the policy of reform and opening of society and government put in place by Gorbachev

Front 20

What was perestroika?

Back 20

in the Soviet Union, the policy of economic reform and restructuring put in place by Gorbachev

Front 21

What caused the reunification of West Germany and East Germany?

Back 21

the fall of communism in East Germany

Front 22

What was the goal of the Khmer Rouge?

Back 22

to create a communist utopia in Cambodia

Front 23

What did the Khmer Rouge do to reach their goal?

Back 23

evacuated cities, killed intellectuals, censored media and burned books

Front 24

Why did the US not get involved in stopping the Cambodian genocide?

Back 24

They did not want to get involved in another conflict in Southeast Asia.

Front 25

What was the turning point of the war in the Pacific in WWII?

Back 25

the Battle of Midway

Front 26

What were the Nuremburg Trials?

Back 26

Nazis and former Nazis were put on trial for crime against humanity.

Front 27

Who were the Axis Powers?

Back 27

Italy, Germany, and Japan

Front 28

What was the purpose of the Munich Conference?

Back 28

Germany, Italy, Britain, and France met to discuss and solve the Czech Crisis.

Front 29

What was the purpose of the Yalta Conference?

Back 29

to discuss dividing Germany into sections controlled by the Soviet Union and the Western Powers

Front 30

What was the purpose of the Berlin Conference?

Back 30

to divide Africa with as little conflict as possible between European nations

Front 31

How were fascists in Germany different than the communist leaders in Russia?

Back 31

Fascists hated communism!!

Front 32

Which two nations came out of WWI financially better than when the came in?

Back 32

US and Japan

Front 33

Which country was forced to take the blame for WWI?

Back 33

Germany

Front 34

Why did fascism develop in Germany?

Back 34

Germans blamed the government for their failure in WWI, so they turned to fascist leaders who said they could fix the nation's problems. They were angry about the war guilt clause and their economic problems.

Front 35

What is fascism?

Back 35

An extreme, totalitarian form of nationalism. Totalitarian leaders promised greatness and hated communism.

Front 36

Who was the fascist leader who came to power in Italy?

Back 36

Benito Mussolini

Front 37

Who was the fascist leader who came to power in Germany?

Back 37

Adolf Hitler

Front 38

What did Japan do in 1931 that was the first major challenge to the League of Nations?

Back 38

invaded Manchuria

Front 39

What was the US policy of isolationism?

Back 39

to stay out of European affairs

Front 40

What was the puppet government called that was put in place in France during WWII?

Back 40

Vichy

Front 41

What happened on D-Day?

Back 41

The US, France, and Britain invaded the Normandy coast to try to reobtain control of France

Front 42

What were the three main causes of imperialism?

Back 42

the spread of Christianity, the expansion of empire, and the opportunity to make money

Front 43

Who attended the Berlin Conference?

Back 43

European nations, but no African nations.

Front 44

Why did Europeans control very little of Africa in the 1800s?

Back 44

Strong African armies, difficult transportation, and disease confined Europeans to the coast of Africa.

Front 45

What factors within Africa contributed to imperialism?

Back 45

the variety of African peoples, lack of modern weapons, and the battle for resources between African nations

Front 46

Who conquered the Congo?

Back 46

King Leopold II of Belgium

Front 47

What was Social Darwinism?

Back 47

The belief that Darwin's theories about evolution and survival applied to human beings; a form of racism

Front 48

Which two African countries stayed independent despite imperialism?

Back 48

Ethiopia and Liberia

Front 49

What was "the heart of darkness"?

Back 49

King Leopold. He ruled the Congo without regard for the people there and only used it for his own profit. He indirectly murdered millions of people through violence, slavery, and starvation.

Front 50

Who carried out the genocide in Rwanda?

Back 50

Hutus

Front 51

Who made up the majority of Rwandan people?

Back 51

Hutus

Front 52

Who was treated as second class citizens when Rwanda was a colony?

Back 52

Hutus

Front 53

Who colonized Rwanda?

Back 53

Belgium

Front 54

What group was killed in the Rwandan genocide?

Back 54

Tutsis

Front 55

Who made up the minority of people in Rwanda?

Back 55

Tutsis

Front 56

Who was treated as first class citizens in colonial Rwanda?

Back 56

Tutsis

Front 57

Who were the Sepoys?

Back 57

Indians who worked as part of the British military

Front 58

Why did the Sepoy Mutiny occur?

Back 58

The Sepoys heard that Britain was using pig and cow fat to lubricate their bullets. This offended the religious beliefs of the two major religious groups in India: Hindus and Muslims.

Front 59

Why did European nations and the US want control of Southeast Asia?

Back 59

It had valuable resources and was very close to China.

Front 60

Which country in Southeast Asia remained independent?

Back 60

Siam (Thailand)

Front 61

What is a country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power?

Back 61

a protectorate

Front 62

What was the policy of paternalism?

Back 62

a European belief that Africans should be looked after and taken care of

Front 63

Who were the Boers?

Back 63

Dutch settlers who were some of the first to arrive in Africa. They farmed successfully in southern Africa and eventually defeated the Zulu in a war over diamond mines.

Front 64

What important resource is found in Persia?

Back 64

oil

Front 65

By 1914, in what state was the Ottoman Empire?

Back 65

It had weakened and significantly decreased in size.

Front 66

What was an important legacy of colonial rule in Nigeria?

Back 66

conflict between the Igbo and other ethnic groups

Front 67

Why did Germany have to give up their colonies in 1919?

Back 67

as a punishment for losing WWI

Front 68

What event triggered the start of the Rwandan genocide?

Back 68

the shooting down of the president's plane

Front 69

Events in what country greatly contributed to the US not acting to stop the Rwandan genocide?

Back 69

Somalia

Front 70

The number one public health problem in Zambia is what disease?

Back 70

malaria

Front 71

What were the four main causes of WWI?

Back 71

militarism, imperialism, nationalism, and alliances

Front 72

What triggered the start of WWI?

Back 72

the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Front 73

What three nations belonged to the Triple Alliance?

Back 73

Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy

Front 74

What three nations belonged to the Triple Entente?

Back 74

Britain, France, and Russia

Front 75

What group did the Triple Entente become?

Back 75

the Allies

Front 76

Who carried out the Armenian genocide?

Back 76

Turkey

Front 77

Who were the Bolshevics?

Back 77

Russian communists

Front 78

Who led the Bolshevics?

Back 78

Lenin

Front 79

Why doesn't communism work?

Back 79

power is easily corrupted

Front 80

What was the Russian Revolution?

Back 80

A revolution in the 1880s in Russia that led to the formation of the Soviet Union