World History Final Exam Review

Front 1

"Anro Domini" is Latin for "in the year of the Lord"

Back 1

A.D.

Front 2

What was the strip of land that formed an arc between the Mediterranean Sea?

Back 2

The Fertile Cresent

Front 3

What means "Land between the rivers" and was the eastern part of the Fertile Cresent and was located between the Euphrates River and the Tigris River ( believed to be where the Garden of Eden was located)

Back 3

Mesopotamia

Front 4

The earliest major civilization in the Fertile Cresent and they were the first people to build ziggurats, invent cuneiform, and came up with the Epic of Gilgamesh

Back 4

Sumarians

Front 5

Their capital city was Babylon so they were referred to as the Babylonians.

Back 5

Amorites

Front 6

Famous king of the Amorites who wrote 282 laws known as the law code of this king. His ideas based on "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth."

Back 6

King Hammurabi

Front 7

Little is known about this Mesopotamian civilization until this century

Back 7

Hittites

Front 8

Mesopotamian civilization that specialized in war by using extensive iron weapons. Nineveh was their capital city and they were ruthless and cruel

Back 8

Assyrians

Front 9

Civilization called the New Babylonians

Back 9

Chaldeans

Front 10

Famous Chaldean King who built the hanging gardens of Babylon

Back 10

Nebuchadnezzar

Front 11

They created the alphabet in which they used for business transactions. They were the greatest traders of the ancient world and were skilled sailors

Back 11

Phoenicians

Front 12

This religious group moved to Egypt led by Jacob and then moved out after being enslaved led by Moses. Their story is told in the Book of Exodus They celebrate the Passover

Back 12

Hebrews

Front 13

Laws in which governed the Hebrews including the 10 commandments

Back 13

The Mosaic Laws

Front 14

The three kings of Israel in order of rule is; Saul, David, and _______.

Back 14

Soloman

Front 15

A king or queen who ruled in ancient Egypt is called a _______.

Back 15

Pharaoh

Front 16

A line of rulers from the same family ruling one county is called a ______.

Back 16

Dynasty

Front 17

A person who was appointed by the pharaoh to serve as his assistant

Back 17

vizier

Front 18

An embombing process

Back 18

mummification

Front 19

A figure that had the head of a human or a ram and the body of a lion

Back 19

sphinx

Front 20

earliest form of Egyptian writing is called

Back 20

hieroglyphics

Front 21

A stone that contained the same words written in 3 types of writings (one was Greek and one was hieroglyphics)

Back 21

Rossetta Stone

Front 22

A paper like substance that the Egyptians used to write on was called ________

Back 22

papyrus

Front 23

Ancient India included the present day countries of India, Nepal, Pakistan, and ________.

Back 23

Bangladesh

Front 24

What are the names of the two large mountain ranges to the north of India

Back 24

The Hindu Kush and the Himalayas

Front 25

India's two most important rivers are were?

Back 25

Indus and Ganges

Front 26

The earliest civilization in ancient India developed along the ________ River

Back 26

Indus

Front 27

The Harappan civilization were in two different cities called

Back 27

Mohenjo- Daro and Harappa

Front 28

The earliest Chinese civilization developed along the ________ River, also known as Huang He

Back 28

Yellow

Front 29

Civilization that developed in the Island of Crete. They were ruled by the legendary King Minas

Back 29

Minoans

Front 30

Arthur Evans found the ruins of what "mythical" civilization in Crete

Back 30

Minoans in Crete

Front 31

Heinrich Schliemann uncovered the city of _____

Back 31

Troy

Front 32

this war is recorded in the Illiad composed by Homer. The war broke out because Paris kidnapped Hellen who was the wife of a Greek king

Back 32

The Trojan War

Front 33

Each Greek city state was called a ______.

Back 33

Polis

Front 34

A fortified hilltop

Back 34

acropolis

Front 35

Greek market place

Back 35

agora

Front 36

aristocracy can also be referred to as an ______.

Back 36

Oligarchy

Front 37

spartan middle class called the ______

Back 37

Periocei

Front 38

spartan slaves

Back 38

helots

Front 39

Sparta had a _______ government that strictly controlled the lives of the people from the cradle to the grave.

Back 39

totalitarian

Front 40

_____ had a new code of laws written and because they were written everyone knew what they were.

Back 40

Draco

Front 41

means "Severe or cruel"

Back 41

"Draconian"

Front 42

An Athenian tyrant who stopped the practice of enslaving those who could not pay their debts. His name today means "law maker or legislator"

Back 42

Solon

Front 43

what city became the first democracy in Greece?

Back 43

Athens

Front 44

The Battle of _______ was a battle fought in the Persian Wars and was a major victory for the Greek troops.

Back 44

Marathon

Front 45

A famous Persian King who ruled during the Persian Wars

Back 45

Darius the Great

Front 46

Darius the Great's son who became king when his father died and he latter invaded France.

Back 46

Xerxes

Front 47

The famous battle of the Persian Wars that cornered the Greek troops who lost and afterwards the Persian troops burned the city state of Athens

Back 47

Battle of Thermopylae

Front 48

The Battle in which Xerxes placed his throne on a hill to watch

Back 48

Battle of Salamis

Front 49

A war fought between Athens ( great naval power) and Sparta ( and her allies). Sparta won.

Back 49

Peloponnesian Wars

Front 50

A temple built in Athens to honor Athena

Back 50

Parthenon

Front 51

Philosopher who died by drinking hemlock and was a teacher who used the question and answer method to teach. His most famous pupil was Plato.

Back 51

Socrates

Front 52

Plato wrote the ______

Back 52

Republic

Front 53

Was Plato's greatest pupil and he tutored Alexander the Great

Back 53

Aristotle

Front 54

known as the "Father of History" who wrote about the Persian Wars

Back 54

Herodotus

Front 55

He was a Athenian general during the war and wrote about the Peloponnesian wars

Back 55

Thucydides

Front 56

He established principles of geometry

Back 56

Pythagoras

Front 57

" Father of Medicine"

Back 57

Hippocrates

Front 58

King of Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great

Back 58

Phillip II

Front 59

Wealthiest people in Rome were called

Back 59

Patricians

Front 60

Lower class of Rome

Back 60

Plebeians

Front 61

Who was the chief Roman god

Back 61

Jupiter

Front 62

The wars between Carthage and Rome is called the _____ wars

Back 62

Punic

Front 63

"Carthage must be destroyed"

Back 63

Cato

Front 64

the name of the two brothers who were elected as tribunes and tried to stop allowing the wealthy from renting so much government lands.

Back 64

Tiberius and Gaius

Front 65

The First Triumvirate consisted of Caesar, ________, and _________.

Back 65

Crassus and Pompey

Front 66

The Second Triumvirate consisted of _________, Mark Antony, and ____________.

Back 66

Octavian and Lepidus

Front 67

Octavian began to be known as ________

Back 67

Augustus Caesar

Front 68

Means "Roman Peace"

Back 68

Pax Romana

Front 69

The two Roman Emperors who are commonly believed to have been insane

Back 69

Caligula and Nero

Front 70

He had a protective wall built across northern Britain

Back 70

Hadrian

Front 71

He was the last Roman emperor who's death marked the end of the Pax Romana

Back 71

Marcus Aurelius

Front 72

The volcano that erupted and buried the city of Pompeii

Back 72

Mount Vesuvius

Front 73

the Roman ______ is similar to the Greek agora

Back 73

forum

Front 74

the government provided food and amusements to keep people busy and happy and this is called the _______

Back 74

"bread and circuses"

Front 75

Was a race track in Rome used for amusements

Back 75

Circus Maximus

Front 76

A stadium in Rome is called the __________

Back 76

Collesseum

Front 77

________ were trained fighters who fought wild animals and fought each other they were usually slaves or criminals

Back 77

gladiators

Front 78

____________ were strutters built to carry water to the cities.

Back 78

Acquieducts

Front 79

A Roman Genearl who said he was a vision of a cross in the sky with the words beneath it saying that "with this as your standard you will have victory"

Back 79

Constantine

Front 80

The most famous book about the Roman Empire's decline is written by ______ _______

Back 80

Edward Gibbons

Front 81

Ancient India was invaded by a group called the ________. They destroyed many of the advancements made early Indians.

Back 81

Aryans

Front 82

The Holy book of the Aryans was named the ______

Back 82

Vedas

Front 83

the highest class was made of priests and their families and their job was to teach the vedas

Back 83

Brahmans

Front 84

The religion that was based off of Aryan religious beliefs with no single founder.

Back 84

Hinduism

Front 85

This religion believed that animals and humans have woulds and that they live on. They believed in reincarnation and karma and caste system

Back 85

Hindu

Front 86

the founder of this religion was Prince Gautama and he created it after becoming upset about Hinduism and he was later named Buddha. They reject the caste system and believe in reincarnation and nirvana and is popular today in Japan, China, Korea, and parts of East Asia.

Back 86

Buddhism

Front 87

Was a member of the Qin dynasty and was the first ruler to unify most of Ancient China and his name means "first emperor" and was found in a tomb with "Terra Cotta" warriors

Back 87

Shihuangdi

Front 88

Who was a chinese teacher and philosopher who emphasized respect for family especially for parents and elders

Back 88

Confucius

Front 89

religion that means the way or the path

Back 89

daoism

Front 90

the name of the route that caravans and traders followed from China to the Meditteranean sea

Back 90

the silk Road

Front 91

What is the name of the trip thatMuhammad made from Mecca to Medina

Back 91

Hergia

Front 92

What is the Holy book of Islam called

Back 92

Koran

Front 93

Muslim place of worship is called a

Back 93

mosque

Front 94

Each leader of Islam after Muhammad was called a _______

Back 94

caliph

Front 95

Muslim armies fought holy wars called ______

Back 95

jihad

Front 96

Two main groups Muslim

Back 96

shiites and sunnites

Front 97

Al Qaida was led by

Back 97

Osama Binladin

Front 98

other Muslim extremist groups include islamic jihad, __________, and Hezbollah (which means "party of God"

Back 98

Hamas

Front 99

famous mongol leader

Back 99

Genghis Kahn

Front 100

who was the grandson of Genghis Khan and he ruled China and made Bejing a magnificent city.

Back 100

Kublai Khan

Front 101

oldest Japanese religion is

Back 101

Shinto

Front 102

the name for Japan's supreme military commanders

Back 102

shoguns

Front 103

Samurai soldiers followed what code of conduct

Back 103

Bushido

Front 104

Is the Samurai broke the code of conduct they would have to commit suicide this act was called

Back 104

hada kiri or seppuku

Front 105

Kublai Khan's ships were destroyed by a typhoon also called what (it means "divine wind")

Back 105

Kamikaze

Front 106

A barbarian tribe called the ____. Their strongest leader was called Attila

Back 106

Huns

Front 107

He was a great Hun leader and was known as the "Scourge of God"

Back 107

Attila

Front 108

There where three important kings of the Franks and they were

Back 108

Clovis, Charles the Great, and Pepin the Short