Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scientific Revolution
|
new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and willingness to question
|
|
Nicolaus Copernicus
|
Astronomer who said the earth revolved around the sun
|
|
heliocentric theory
|
theory the at the sun is at the center of the universe
|
|
Johannes Kepler
|
mathematician who proved the accuracy of Copernicus's theory
|
|
Galileo Galilei
|
Scientist who was forced by the Catholic Church to take back scientific ideas that disagreed with the church's view
|
|
scientific method -
|
logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas
|
|
Francis Bacon
|
Writer who helped advance the scientific method
|
|
Rene Descartes
|
Mathematician who helped promote the scientific method
|
|
Isaac Newton
|
Scientist who discovered laws of motion and gravity
|
|
Enlightenment
|
Age of Reason
|
|
social contract
|
According to Thomas Hobbes, an agreement people make with government
|
|
John Locke
|
Philosopher who wrote about government
|
|
natural rights
|
rights that John Locke said people were born with: life, liberty, and property
|
|
philosophe
|
social critics in France
|
|
Voltaire
|
Writer who fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech
|
|
Montesquieu
|
French writer concerned with government and political liberty
|
|
separation of powers
|
Montesquieu idea that power should be divided between different branches of government
|
|
Jean Jacques Rousseau
|
Enlightenment thinker who championed freedom
|
|
Mary Wollstonecraft
|
Author who wrote about women's rights
|
|
salon
|
social gathering for discussing ideas or enjoying art
|
|
baroque
|
grand, ornate style
|
|
neoclassical
|
simple style that borrowed ideas from classical Greek and Rome
|
|
enlightened despot
|
ruler who supported Enlightenment ideas but did not give up power
|
|
Catherine the Great
|
Russian ruler who took steps to reform and modernize Russia
|
|
Declaration of Independence
|
document declaring American independence from Britain
|
|
Thomas Jefferson
|
Author of the Declaration of Independence
|
|
checks and balances
|
system in which each branch of government checks, or limits, the power of the other two branches
|
|
federal system
|
system of government in which power is divided between the national and state governments
|
|
Bill of Rights
|
First ten amendments to the US Constitution; protections of basic rights for individuals
|
|
abuses
|
improper uses, misuses
|
|
astronomy
|
study of the universe beyond the earth
|
|
boycott
|
organized refusal to buy a certain good or participate in a certain action
|
|
hypothesis
|
attempt to answer a question that needs to be proven or disprove
|
|
intellectual
|
related to thinking or to the mind
|
|
law of gravity
|
idea linking motion in the heavens with motion on the Earth and based on the principle that every object attracts every other object
|
|
reformed
|
changed for the better
|
|
repeal
|
take back a law
|
|
serfdom
|
state or condition of using workers as slaves
|
|
vaccination
|
introduction of weakened or killed viruses or bacteria into the body to protect against a specific disease
|
|
violated
|
went against
|