World History - Chapter 29

Front 1

Otto Von Bismark

Back 1

- Prussian chancellor
- Used war to unify Germany
- Wanted to isolate FR because he was scared that they wanted revenge for the Franco Prussian War
-Forms Dual Alliance (w/ GER and A-H)
-Then Triple Alliance (IT joins)

Front 2

Triple Alliance

Back 2

-Formed by Bismark
-Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

Front 3

Kaiser Wilhem II

Back 3

-Ruler of Germany
-Forced Bismark to resign; didn’t like sharing power
-Lapse Russian treaty (Reinsurance Treaty); Russian joins FR
-Starts shipbuilding program to compete with BT; BT joins FR
-Cousin of George V (BT) and Nicholas II (RUS)
-Thought a great deal of himself

Front 4

Triple Entente

Back 4

France, Britain, Russia

Front 5

Balkan problems

Back 5

- “powder keg”
- Has history of uprisings and ethnic clashes

Front 6

Slavs

Back 6

- Ethnic group with large pop. in Serbia, Russia, Bosnia, Herzegovina

Front 7

Serbia

Back 7

- lots of Slavs
- wanted Slavs to unite in the Balkans
- Russia support because they had lots of Slavs too
- Austria did not because they feared rebellion in its own Slavic pop.

Front 8

Sarajevo, Bosnia

Back 8

-Capital
-Archduke Franz Ferdinand & wife, Sophie were assassinated there

Front 9

Militarism

Back 9

- glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war

Front 10

Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand

Back 10

- Heir to A-H throne
- Wife : Sophie
- Visited Sarajevo, Bosnia – killed by Gavrilo Princip (June 28, 1914)

Front 11

Gavrilo Princip

Back 11

- Serbian (19)
- Member of Black Hand (secret society for ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule)
- Killed Franz Ferdinand (heir to A-H throne)

Front 12

After Gavrilo Princip killed Ferdinand.......

Back 12

- Because Princip was from Serbia, Austria uses this as an excuse to punish them
- AUS gives SER an ultimatum
- SER attempts to negotiate, AUS refuses and declares war
- Russia, friends with SER, sends troops to AUS and GER border
- GER declares war on FR
- BT declares war on GER

Front 13

Schlieffen Plan

Back 13

-Alfred Graf von Schlieffen
-Attack and defeat FR, then rush to fight Russia
-Speed was vital
-Seemed to work, but failed with First Battle of the Marne

Front 14

Central Powers

Back 14

Germany, A-H, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire

Front 15

Allied Powers

Back 15

Britain, France, Russia, Japan, Italy

Front 16

Western Front war

Back 16

- France-German border
- deadlocked
- the First Battle of Marne happened here
- trench warfare
- Battle of Verdun
- Battle of Somme

Front 17

Eastern Front War

Back 17

- German - Russian borders
- Battle of Tannenberg

Front 18

The First Battle of Marne

Back 18

- the very first battle, important
- destroyed the Schlieffen Plan

Front 19

Stalemate

Back 19

a deadlock

Front 20

Trench Warfare

Back 20

Soldiers fights each other from parallel trenches.

Front 21

New weapons

Back 21

- poison gas (GER)
- machine gun
- tank (BT)
-submarine (GER)

Front 22

Battle of Tannenberg

Back 22

- Germans counterattack Russia's initial attack

Front 23

Gallipoli Campaign

Back 23

-Allies attack Constantinople (Ottoman capital)
- stalemate
- allies give up

Front 24

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Back 24

German policy of which their submarines could sink any ship around BT without warning (1917)

Front 25

Sinking of Lusitania

Back 25

-Germans hit BT passenger boat, Lusitania (1915)
- many dead, including USers
- US mad
-Germans agree to not attack neutral and passenger ships

Front 26

Zimmermann telegram

Back 26

- Artherus Zimmermann (GER) to Mexico
-Would help MExico "reconquer" US if they allied with Germany
-last straw for US

Front 27

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Back 27

- Ended war between Germany and Russia
- Proposed by Lenin

Front 28

the Second Battle of Marne

Back 28

- Russia out, Germany has free soldiers to send to West
- But Russia tired, US has new troops

Front 29

Battle of Amiens

Back 29

•November 27, 1870 was fought during the Franco-Prussian War, ending in a Prussian victory

Front 30

Armistice

Back 30

an agreement to stop fighting

Front 31

Woodrow Wilson & 14 Points

Back 31

- Prez of US
- A Big Four in the Paris Peace Conference
- Created 14 points
- 1-4: secret tresties, freedom of the seas, free trade, reduce military
- 5: fairness to colonies
- 6-13: changing borders, new nations
-14: general association of nations

Front 32

Self determination

Back 32

-the guiding idea behind 14 points
- allowed people to decide for themselves their govt.

Front 33

Conflicts at Paris Peace Conference

Back 33

-FR and BT wanted to punish GER
- Treaty of Versailles created -> "war guilt" clause
- Japan and Italy wanted more land
-

Front 34

Treaty of Versailles

Back 34

-Compromise between US, FR, BT
Signed on Franz Ferdinand's assassination anniversary

Front 35

Mandate

Back 35

Territories administered by the League of Nations and governed by the Allies until ready for independence

Front 36

War Guilt Clause

Back 36

-Germany responsible for war
-pay reparations to Allies

Front 37

Reparations

Back 37

making amends/paying money for damages from war

Front 38

League of Nations

Back 38

International association to keep peace amongst nations

Front 39

War Effects

Back 39

-New tech left more damage
-High casualties
- $$$$
-destroyed land